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 Telkom Landmark Tower in Jakarta, Telkom Indonesia's current headquarters | |
| Telkom Indonesia | |
| Company type | Public |
| ISIN | ID1000129000  |
| Industry | |
| Founded |
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| Headquarters |
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Key people |
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| Services | |
| Revenue |  Rp 135.567 trillion(2019)[3] |
| Rp 42.394 trillion(2019)[3] | |
| Rp 18.663 trillion(2019)[3] | |
| Total assets | Rp 221.208 trillion(2019)[3] |
| Total equity | Rp 99.561 trillion(2019)[3] |
| Owner | Danantara (52.09%)[4] |
Number of employees | 24,272(2019)[3] |
| Subsidiaries | |
| Website | www |
PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk[2] (lit. 'Telecommunications Indonesia State-owned Public Limited Company'[2]) officially shortened intoPT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, also simply known asTelkom, is an Indonesianmultinationaltelecommunicationsconglomerate[5] with itscorporate headquarters inBandung and its operational headquarters in theTelkom Landmark Complex inJakarta.[2] Telkom is listed on theIndonesia Stock Exchange and has a secondary listing on theNew York Stock Exchange—the only Indonesian company, currently listed there (but not the first—the first wasIndosat, which delisted from the exchange in 2013). Thegovernment of Indonesia owns over half of the Telkom'soutstanding shares.[6]
Telkom has major business lines infixed line telephony,internet, anddata communications. It is operated as the parent company of the Telkom Group, which is engaged in a broad range of businesses which consist oftelecommunication, multimedia, property, andfinancial services.[6] Since 2008, Telkom Indonesia began changing its business, focusing on infrastructure, systems, organization and human resources, and the corporate culture, in order to face the rising competition.[7][8]
Afterprivatization in 1995, Telkom Indonesia's total consumer base grew by 7.8% in 2010 to 129.8 million customers at the end of December 2011, making the company the nation's largest telecommunication service provider in terms of subscriber count.[3]
Telkom is one of the world's oldest telecommunication companies. The company can be traced back to the establishment of the first electromagnetictelegraph service in Indonesia on 23 October 1856, by theDutch colonial government to connect Batavia (Jakarta) and Buitenzorg (Bogor).[9]
In 1884, the Dutch colonial government founded a private company with its headquarters in Bandung to provide postal and domestic telegraph services and, later on, international telegraph and telephony services.[10]
Telephony services had been introduced to Indonesia in 1882 byprivately owned companies under a 25-yeargovernment license.
In 1906, allpostal andtelegraph services in Indonesia were taken over by the government as a single, unified government agency named Post, Telegraph and Telephone Service (Dutch:Post-, Telegraaf-, en Telefoondienst, PTT).[9][11]
The outbreak of World War II greatly weakened Dutch defense forces, especially when telephone services were was nationalized byNazi Germany on 14 May 1940. Then, telephone services were was nationalized byJapan from 1942 to 1945[11]
In September 1945, roughly a month after theIndonesian proclamation of independence, the agency headquarters inBandung was taken over by Indonesian nationalists.[11]
In December 1949, after years ofnational revolution war, the PTT was nationalized by the Indonesian Government as part of an Indonesian effort to oust the remaining Dutch and nationalize Dutch corporate assets.[12][13]
In 1961, PTT was converted from an official government agency into a newly establishedstatutory corporation, the Postal and Telecommunications Services company.
Four years later, on 6 July 1965, Indonesian Government separated this company into two statutory corporations;PN Pos Giro, responsible for providingmail services andPN Telekomunikasi fortelecommunications services.[14] The mail servicesPN Pos Giro developed over the year became thePos Indonesia in 1995, which is still state-owned today and the official postal carrier for Indonesia's population of 230 million.[11][14]
In 1974,PN Telekomunikasi was further divided into two state-owned companies. Perusahaan Umum Telekomunikasi (Perumtel) provided domestic and international telecommunications services, while PT Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (PT INTI) manufactured telecommunications equipment. A further division in 1980 saw the international telecommunications business taken over by the newly nationalized PT Indonesian Satellite Corporation (Indosat).[9]
In 1991, Perumtel became a state-ownedperseroan terbatas and renamed to what is nowPerusahaan Perseroan (Persero)PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia orTelkom. Until 1995, Telkom's operations were organized along twelve regional operating units known asWilayah Telekomunikasi or Witel. Each Witel had full responsibility for all aspects of business and operations in their respective regions, such as telephone services, property management, and security.[9]
In 1995, Telkom reorganized the twelve Witels into seven regional divisions and one network division. Under a series of Cooperation (KSO) Agreements, Telkom transferred the right to operate five of its seven regional divisions (I, III, IV, VI, and VII) to private sector consortia. Under these agreements, the KSO partners manage and operate the regional division concerned for a fixed term, build a specified number of fixed lines which at the end of the term, transfer the telecommunications facilities to Telkom for an agreed amount in compensation. Revenues from the KSO operations were shared between Telkom and the KSO partners.[9]
On 14 November 1995, Telkom became a privatized company when their shares went on sale through anInitial public offering on the Jakarta Stock Exchange and theSurabaya Stock Exchange (which merged in December 2007 to become theIndonesia Stock Exchange). Telkom's shares are also listed on theNYSE and theLSE, the former in the form ofAmerican depositary shares (ADSs), and were publicly offered without listing on theTokyo Stock Exchange. Telkom is now the largest company by market capitalization in Indonesia, with a market capitalization of approximatelyIDR 190,512 trillion as of 31 December 2009.[9][15] The Government retains an aggregate interest of 51.19% of the issued and outstanding shares of Telkom. The Government also holds oneDwiwarna, orgolden share.[9][16]
In mid-1997, Indonesia was badly affected by theAsian economic crisis.[9][17] Among those impacted were certain KSO partners, who experienced difficulties in fulfilling their obligations to Telkom. Telkom eventually acquired control of its KSO partners in Regions I, III, and VI, and amended the terms of the KSO agreements with its KSO partners in Regions IV and VII to obtain legal rights to control the financial and operating decisions of those regions.[9]
Since 5 June 2014, Telkom shares are no longer traded on the London Stock Exchange ("LSE"), and since 16 May 2014, they have ceased to be registered on the Tokyo Stock Exchange ("TSE") in Japan.[18]
In 1999, Indonesia passed aderegulating telecommunication law that set in motion a sweeping array of reforms and enlivenedcompetition policy,private investment, and long term industry direction.[17] Among the proposed reforms were the progressive elimination of the joint ownership, by Telkom andIndosat, of most of the telecommunications companies in Indonesia. This was intended to promote a more competitive market. As a result, in 2001, Telkom acquired Indosat's 35.0% stake inTelkomsel, resulting in Telkom owning 77.7% of the shares of Telkomsel, while Indosat acquired Telkom's 22.5% interest in Satelindo and its 37.7% stake in Lintasarta. In 2002, Telkom sold 12.7% of Telkomsel toSingapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd (SingTel Mobile), reducing Telkom's ownership of Telkomsel to 65.0%.[9]
On 1 August 2001, the Government terminated Telkom's exclusive right to providefixed line services in Indonesia and Indosat's right to provideinternational direct dial services. Subsequently, Telkom's exclusive rights to provide domestic andlong-distance services were terminated in August 2002 and August 2003, respectively.[9][19]
On 7 June 2004, Telkom began to provide their owninternational direct dial fixed line services. On 16 November 2005, theTelkom-2 satellite was launched to replace allsatellite transmission services that have been served by previous satellite,Palapa B-4.[9][20]
In 2009, Telkom started transforming its business, being the only company in the field of telecommunications to transform to a broader range of business. The company expanded to telecommunications, information technology services, media andedutainment.[21] Telkom's decision to transform its business was prompted by the shift in customer lifestyles and supported by advances in technology and regulatory changes that enabled service providers to deliver enhanced service to customers.[22] With this new business transformation, Telkom also plans to conduct the acquisition of several companies that are in line with Telkom's transformation of the new business.[21][23][24]
In August 2012, theTelkom-3 satellite was lost in a launch failure, being placed into an unusably low orbit following the failure of theBriz-M upper stage of theProton-M rocket that had launched it. Its replacementTelkom-3S successfully launched aboard anAriane 5 rocket on 14 February 2017, 21:39 UTC.[citation needed]
In March 2019, Telkom Indonesia was one of the first Asian telco's to launch acloud gaming service in cooperation with Gamestream.[25]
Telkom Indonesia is a dominant and largest provider offixed line services due to owning most of Indonesia's copper network.[6] Telkom also runstelephone exchanges,trunk network andlocal loop connections for its fixed-line telephones. Currently, Telkom is responsible for approximately 8.3 million telephone lines in Indonesia.[6] And like most of the other state-ownership telecommunication companies in the world, Telkom is obliged to provide public services such aspublic call boxes.[citation needed]
Telkom Indonesia businesses are operated under government regulation by the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information. Telkom, as a government-owned company, is required to comply with additional obligations such as provide telecommunication services and not being discriminatory. As well as providing service in those regulated areas, Telkom has expanded into more profitable products and services where there is less government-owned-related regulation.[26]
Telkom Indonesia is the parent company of theTelkom Group, which is engaged in a wide range of businesses that consist of telecommunication, information, multimedia, property, and financial services.[6] Telkom mainly operates infixed line telephony,internet anddata communications business, while other businesses are run by subsidiaries.[citation needed]
Telkom now categorizes its portfolio into 3 Digital Business Domains:
Other investments:
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