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TheTehrani accent (Persian:لهجهٔ تهرانی), orTehrani dialect (گویش تهرانی), is a dialect ofPersian spoken inTehran and the most common colloquial variant ofWestern Persian. Compared to literary standard Persian, the Tehrani dialect lacks original Persiandiphthongs and tends to fuse certain sounds. The Tehrani accent should not be confused with the Old Tehrani dialect, which was aNorthwestern Iranian dialect, belonging to thecentral group.

Some of the words used in the Tehrani accent may derive from thenorthwestern Iranian language ofRazi, such assūsk "beetle; cockroach",jīrjīrak "cricket",zālzālak "haw(thorn)", andvejīn "weeding".^[1]

The Tehrani dialect in its current form has existed since theQajar era and is different from the language of the natives of Tehran; theold Tehrani dialect still exists in areas likeShemiran andDamavand, although it is subject to extinction.^[2]

In every part of Tehran, this dialect was influenced by the neighboring cities. The northern regions such asVanak, Shemiran, andTajrish had the Mazandarani dialect. The southern regions of Tehran, which are adjacent to the city ofRay, had theRaji (Razi) dialect. The western regions of Tehran towardsKaraj were also affected fromTati.

The following are some of the main differences between colloquial Tehrani Persian and standard Iranian Persian:

• Simplification of some internal consonant clusters:
  • Standard Persian /zd/ ↔ Tehrani /zː/. Example: دزدى /dozdi/ ↔ /dozːi/
  • Standard Persian /st/ ↔ Tehrani /sː/. Examples: دسته /dæste/ ↔ /dæsːe/; پسته /peste/ ↔ /pesːe/
• A number of vowel raising processes and diphthong loss:
  • Standard Persian آم،آن/ɒːn, ɒːm/ ↔ Tehrani /uːn, uːm/. Example: بادام /bɒːdɒːm/ ↔ /bɒːduːm/
  • Standard Persian /e/ ↔ Tehrani [i]. Examples: جگر /dʒegær/ ↔ [dʒigær]; شکار /ʃekɒːr/ ↔ [ʃikɒːr]; کشمش /keʃmeʃ/ ↔ [kiʃmiʃ]
  • The word-final /æ/ in Classical Persian became [e] in modern Tehrani Persian, both colloquial and standard dialects (often romanized as "eh"), meaning [e] is also an allophone of /æ/ in word-final position in modern Tehrani Persian) except for نه [næ] ('no'), but is preserved in theDari dialects.
  • Standard Persian /ou̯/ ↔ Tehrani [oː]. Examples برو /borou̯/ ↔ [boroː]; نوروز /nou̯ruːz/ ↔ [noːruːz]
• غ and ق denoted the original Arabic phonemes in Classical Persian, thevoiced velar fricative[ɣ] and thevoiceless uvular stop[q] (pronounced in Persian asvoiced uvular stop[ɢ]), respectively. In modern Tehrani Persian (which is used in the Iranian mass media, both colloquial and standard), there is no difference in the pronunciation of غ and ق. Both letters are pronounced as a voiced velar fricative[ɣ] when positionedintervocalically and unstressed, and as a voiced uvular stop[ɢ] otherwise.^[3][4][5] Thisallophony is probably influenced byTurkic languages likeAzeri andTurkmen. The classic pronunciations of غ and ق are preserved in the eastern variants of Persian (i.e.Dari andTajiki), as well as in the southern dialects of the modern Iranian variety (e.g.Yazdi andKermani dialects). Example: دقيقه [dæɢiːˈɢæ] ↔ [dæɣiːˈɣe].
• -e as the 3rd person singular suffix for verbs instead of Standard Persian -ad: می‌خوره ['mi:xoɾe] ↔ می‌خورد ['mi:xoɾæd]
• Use of verbal person suffixes on nominals for the verb بودن [bu:dæn]

Iranians can interchange colloquial Tehrani and standard Persiansociolects in conversational speech.

• Baghbidi, Hassan Rezai (2016). "The Linguistic History of Rayy up to the Early Islamic Period".Der Islam.93 (2). De Gruyter:403–412.doi:10.1515/islam-2016-0034.

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