Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin; also known asBerlin Institute of Technology andTechnical University of Berlin, although officially the name should not be translated) is apublicresearch university located inBerlin, Germany.[5] It was the first German university to adopt the nameTechnische Universität (meaning 'university of technology').[6]
The university is notable for having been the first to offer a degree inIndustrial Engineering and Management (Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen). The university designed the degree in response to requests by industrialists for graduates with the technical and management training to run a company. First offered in winter term 1926/27, it is one of the oldest programmes of its kind.[19]
TU Berlin has one of the highest proportions of international students in Germany, almost 27% in 2019.[20] In addition, TU Berlin is part of theBerlin University Alliance, has been conferred the title of "University of Excellence" under and receiving funding from theGerman Universities Excellence Initiative.[21]
TheBauakademie, founded in 1799, a forerunner of the Technische Universität Berlin1899 earlyArt NouveauMedal Technische Hochschule Berlin, 100th Anniversary, obverseThe reverse of this medalNorthern front of the Königlich Technische Hochschule zu Berlin (Royal Technical Academy of Berlin) in 1895TheTechnische Hochschule inCharlottenburg, Berlin
On 1 April 1879, theKöniglichTechnische Hochschule zu Berlin (en: "Royal Technical Academy of Berlin")[22] came into being in 1879 through a merger of theKönigliche Gewerbeakademie zu Berlin (en: "Royal Trade Academy", founded in 1827) andKönigliche Bauakademie zu Berlin (en: "Royal Building Academy", founded in 1799), two predecessor institutions of the Prussian State.[23]
In 1916 the long-standingKönigliche Bergakademie zu Berlin, the Prussianmining academy created by the geologist Carl Abraham Gerhard in 1770 at the behest of KingFrederick the Great, was incorporated into the Königlich Technische Hochschule as the "Department of Mining". Beforehand, the mining college had been, however, for several decades under the auspices of theFrederick William University (nowHumboldt University of Berlin), before it was spun out again in 1860.[citation needed]
After Charlottenburg's absorption intoGreater Berlin in 1920 and Germany becoming theWeimar Republic, theKöniglich Technische Hochschule zu Berlin was renamed "Technische Hochschule zu Berlin" ("TH Berlin").[22] In 1927, the Department of Geodesy of theAgricultural College of Berlin was incorporated into theTH Berlin. During the 1930s, the redevelopment and expansion of the campus along the "East-West axis" were part of theNazi plans of aWelthauptstadt Germania, including a new faculty of defense technology under GeneralKarl Becker, built as a part of the greater academic town (Hochschulstadt) in the adjacent west-wiseGrunewald forest. The shell construction remained unfinished after the outbreak ofWorld War II and after Becker's suicide in 1940, it is today covered by the large-scaleTeufelsberg rubble hill.[citation needed]
Main building of TU Berlin in 2010Chemistry building in 2025
The north section of the main building of the university was destroyed during a bombing raid in November 1943.[24] Due to thestreet fighting at the end of the Second World War, the operations at theTH Berlin were suspended as of 20 April 1945. Planning for the re-opening of the school began on 2 June 1945, once the acting rectorship led byGustav Ludwig Hertz andMax Volmer was appointed. As both Hertz and Volmer remained in exile in theSoviet Union for some time to come, the college was not re-inaugurated until 9 April 1946, now bearing the name "Technische Universität Berlin".[citation needed]
The official policy of the university is that only the German name, Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin), should be used abroad in order to promote corporate identity and that its name is not to be translated into English.[26][27]
The TU Berlin covers 604,000 square metres (6.5 million square feet), distributed over various locations in Berlin.The main campus is located in theborough ofCharlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. The seven schools of the university have some 33,933 students enrolled in 90 subjects (October 2015).[28]
From 2012 to 2022, TU Berlin operated a satellite campus in Egypt, theEl Gouna campus, to act as a scientific and academic field office. The nonprofitpublic–private partnership (PPP) aimed to offer services provided by Technische Universität Berlin at the campus in El Gouna on the Red Sea.[29]
The university also has a franchise of its Global Production Engineering course – called Global Production Engineering and Management at the Vietnamese-German University in Ho Chi Minh City.[30][31]
As of 2015, 8,455 people work at the university: 338 professors, 2,598 postgraduateresearchers, and 2,131 personnel work in administration, the workshops, the library, and the central facilities. In addition, there are 2,651 student assistants and 126 trainees.[40] International student mobility is available through theERASMUS programme or through theTop Industrial Managers for Europe (TIME) network.[citation needed]
Some of the former 17 libraries of Technische Universität Berlin and of the nearby University of the Arts were merged into the new library, but several departments still retain libraries of their own. In particular, the school of 'Economics and Management' maintains a library with 340,000 volumes in the university's main building (Die Bibliothek – Wirtschaft & Management/"The Library" – Economics and Management) and the 'Department of Mathematics' maintains a library with 60,000 volumes in the Mathematics building (Mathematische Fachbibliothek/"Mathematics Library").[citation needed]
Gottfried Feder (1883–1941), economist and key member of the National Socialist Party
Wigbert Fehse (born 1937) German engineer and researcher in the area of automatic space navigation, guidance, control and docking/berthing.
Ursula Franklin (1921–2016), Canadian physicist (archaeometry) and theorist on the political and social effects of technology, Pearson Medal of Peace winner 2001
Dennis Gabor (1900–1971), Hungarian-British physicist (holography), Nobel Prize winner 1971
Hans Geiger (1882–1945), physicist, co-inventor of the detector component of the Geiger counter
Elsa Gidoni (1901–1978), German-American architect and interior designer.
Thomas Gil (born 1954), Professor of Practical Philosophy.
Nicolas Kitsikis (1887–1978), Greek civil engineer, rector of the Athens Polytechnic School, senator and member of the Greek Parliament, doctorhonoris causa of the Technische Universität Berlin.
Albert Speer (1905–1981), architect, politician, Minister for Armaments during the Third Reich, was sentenced to 20 years prison in theNuremberg trials
Measured by the number of top managers in the German economy, TU Berlin ranked 11th in 2019.[48]
According to the research report of theGerman Research Foundation (DFG) from 2018, TU Berlin ranked 24th absolute among German universities across all scientific disciplines. Thereby TU Berlin ranked 9th absolute innatural sciences andengineering. The TU Berlin took 14th place absolute incomputer science and 5th place absolute inelectrical engineering.[49] In a competitive selection process, the DFG selects the best research projects from researchers at universities and research institutes and finances them. The ranking is thus regarded as an indicator of the quality of research.[50]
In the 2017Times Higher Education World University Rankings, the TU Berlin ranked 40th in the field of Engineering & Technology (3rd in Germany) and 36th inComputer science discipline (4th in Germany), making it one of the top 100 universities worldwide in all three measures.[51]
As of 2016, TU Berlin was ranked 35th in the field of Engineering & Technology according to the BritishQS World University Rankings. It was one of Germany's highest ranked universities in statistics and operations research and in Mathematics according to QS.[52]
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