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| Tatar mosque | |
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Татар мәчете | |
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| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Islam |
ATatar mosque is amosque with aminaret on the roof, a type of mosque that is ubiquitous among MuslimTatars andBashkirs inTatarstan and otherVolga Tatar-populated areas. Occasionally found in other regions of Russia, modern Tatar religious architecture was developed in the late 18th century and gained popularity in the 19th centuryIdel-Ural.[1][2]
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| Islamic culture |
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The earliest examples of Islamic Tatar architecture are located inBolghar; none of them are in use today. They reflect strong similarities to Central Asian Islamic architecture from which the designs were derived. However, it is believed that design of rural mosques, opposing to Central Asian-like mosques of capital cities, evolve from their ability to withstand the harsh local climate. Many mosques, both stone and wooden were built, according to this style. The oldest of the still active modern Tatar mosques is theMärcani mosque in the Tatar capital ofKazan. Dating from the reign ofCatherine the Great, the mosque'sminaret is placed in the center of a gabled roof. It is believed that the concept was adopted from traditional rural Tatar mosques. The Märcani mosque is an example ofrevival Tatar religious architecture as most mosques were destroyed due to theChristianization edict of 1742.[3]
The edict on unification of church buildings of 1817 was expanded to the mosques in 1831, when the exemplary project was developed and circulated to governorate architectural offices ofKazan,Nizhny Novgorod,Perm andSimbirsk Governorates. Tatar mosques, such as Märcani andApanay were built inBaroque style.İske Taş andPink Mosque [ru] were contributed toclassicism style.
Among the architects, contributed to the mosques building in the 19th century the most notable were Pyatnitsky, Korinfsky, Schmidt, Peske, Romanov, Yermolayev, Pavlov, Parensov, Petondi, Tekhomirov, as well as non-professional architects Mansurov, Foshderebryuggen, Jakobson.
In 1844 another exemplary mosque project was introduced, which was used mostly for urban mosques. The minaret was placed at the northern part of the building, under the door. However, mosques with minarets on the roof are constructed till today.
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