Tarpon Springs, Florida | |
|---|---|
 Dodecanese Avenue | |
| Motto: Visit Greece Without Leaving Florida | |
 Location inPinellas County and the state ofFlorida | |
| Coordinates:28°08′35″N82°45′40″W / 28.14306°N 82.76111°W /28.14306; -82.76111[1] | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Florida |
| County | Pinellas |
| Settled | 1876 |
| Incorporated (city) | 1887[2] |
| Government | |
| • Type | Commission–Manager |
| Area | |
• Total | 17.93 sq mi (46.44 km2) |
| • Land | 9.26 sq mi (23.98 km2) |
| • Water | 8.67 sq mi (22.46 km2) |
| Elevation | 16 ft (4.9 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 25,117 |
| • Density | 2,712.5/sq mi (1,047.31/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 34688, 34689 |
| Area code | 727 |
| FIPS code | 12-71150[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2405569[1] |
| Website | www |
Tarpon Springs is a city inPinellas County, Florida, United States. Downtown Tarpon Springs has long been a focal point and underwentbeautification in 2010.[5] It is part of theTampa Bay area. Its population was 25,117 at the 2020 census.
As of 2000, Tarpon Springs had the highest percentage ofGreek Americans of any city in the US, with 10.4% of residents who had Greek ancestry.[6]
The region, with a series ofbayous feeding into theGulf of Mexico, was settled by farmers and fishermen[7] around 1876. Some of the newly arrived visitors spottedtarpon jumping out of the waters, so named the location Tarpon Springs. The name is said to have originated with a remark by an early settler who said, "See the tarpon spring!" (most fish splashing here weremullet). In 1882,Hamilton Disston, who in the previous year had purchased the land, ordered the creation of a town plan.[2] On February 12, 1887, Tarpon Springs became the first incorporated city in what is now Pinellas County.[2] Less than a year later on January 13, 1888, theOrange Belt Railway, the first railroad line to be built in what is now Pinellas County, arrived in the city.[8] During this time the area was developed as a wintering spot for wealthy northerners.
In the 1880s,John K. Cheyney founded the first localsponge business. The industry continued to grow in the 1890s. Many people fromKey West and theBahamas settled in Tarpon Springs to hook sponges and then process them. A few Greek immigrants also arrived in this city during the 1890s to work in the sponge industry.
In 1905,John Cocoris introduced the technique ofsponge diving to Tarpon Springs by recruiting divers and crew members from Greece. The first divers came from theSaronic Gulf islands ofAegina andHydra, but they were soon outnumbered by those from theDodecanese islands ofKalymnos,Symi, andHalki. The sponge industry soon became one of the leading maritime industries in Florida and the most important business in Tarpon Springs, generating millions of dollars a year. The 1953 filmBeneath the 12-Mile Reef, depicting the sponge industry, takes place and was filmed in Tarpon Springs.[9]
The city's Rose Cemetery, where Black residents areinterred, is believed to contain burials that began in the late 1800s; the earliest legible marked burial is from 1904.[7] The cemetery contains the grave of Richard Quarls, aConfederate veteran of theAmerican Civil War who fought alongside his enslaver before moving to Tarpon Springs and choosing the new name "Christopher Columbus", and veterans of subsequent wars.[7]
In 1947, ared tide algal bloom wiped out the sponge fields in the Gulf, causing many of the sponge boats and divers to switch toshrimping for their livelihood, while others left the business. Eventually, the sponges recovered, allowing for a smaller but consistent sponge industry today. In the 1980s, the sponge business experienced a boom due to a sponge disease that killed the Mediterranean sponges. A small, active sponge industry still remains.
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city of Tarpon Springs has a total area of 16.9 square miles (44 km2), of which 7.7 square miles (20 km2) (45.83%) are covered by water.
Tarpon Springs' climate borders onhumid subtropical andtropical savanna, with warm temperatures year-round, although winter nights are cool. Annual precipitation is around 50 inches (1,300 mm). Winters are warm, with daytime highs of 69 to 72 °F (21 to 22 °C), and nightly lows of 50 to 54 °F (10 to 12 °C). Freezing temperatures (32 °F (0 °C) or lower) occur infrequently, whilesnowfall is extremely rare; there was accumulation in 1977 and 1989, while the years1899, 1954, 1958, 1973, 2001, 2006, 2010, and 2014 either had light snow mixed with rain, or flurries. The record low temperature of 19 °F (−7 °C) was observed on four different dates: December 1, 1962, December 13, 1962, December 14, 1962, and January 13, 1985.Summers are hot and very humid, causing frequent afternoonthunderstorms that can occasionally producehail, and eventornadoes orwaterspouts off the Gulf. Daytime temperatures usually range from 89 to 91 °F (32 to 33 °C), with temperatures over 100 °F (38 °C) very rare. The record high temperature of 102 °F (39 °C) was observed on July 10, 1997. Spring and fall are generally warm.
| Climate data for Tarpon Springs, Florida (Tarpon Springs Sewage Plant), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 90 (32) | 97 (36) | 92 (33) | 95 (35) | 100 (38) | 100 (38) | 102 (39) | 99 (37) | 99 (37) | 96 (36) | 93 (34) | 89 (32) | 102 (39) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 81.7 (27.6) | 82.5 (28.1) | 85.9 (29.9) | 89.4 (31.9) | 92.4 (33.6) | 94.8 (34.9) | 95.3 (35.2) | 95.3 (35.2) | 94.0 (34.4) | 90.5 (32.5) | 86.1 (30.1) | 82.4 (28.0) | 96.4 (35.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 69.3 (20.7) | 72.0 (22.2) | 76.0 (24.4) | 81.1 (27.3) | 86.2 (30.1) | 89.7 (32.1) | 90.6 (32.6) | 90.8 (32.7) | 88.9 (31.6) | 83.8 (28.8) | 76.3 (24.6) | 71.4 (21.9) | 81.4 (27.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 60.0 (15.6) | 62.9 (17.2) | 66.8 (19.3) | 72.2 (22.3) | 77.6 (25.3) | 82.0 (27.8) | 83.1 (28.4) | 83.3 (28.5) | 81.3 (27.4) | 75.6 (24.2) | 67.5 (19.7) | 62.4 (16.9) | 72.9 (22.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 50.7 (10.4) | 53.8 (12.1) | 57.6 (14.2) | 63.2 (17.3) | 69.1 (20.6) | 74.4 (23.6) | 75.6 (24.2) | 75.7 (24.3) | 73.6 (23.1) | 67.3 (19.6) | 58.6 (14.8) | 53.5 (11.9) | 64.4 (18.0) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 32.9 (0.5) | 36.9 (2.7) | 42.0 (5.6) | 50.1 (10.1) | 59.6 (15.3) | 68.4 (20.2) | 70.6 (21.4) | 71.9 (22.2) | 66.9 (19.4) | 53.3 (11.8) | 42.7 (5.9) | 37.2 (2.9) | 30.8 (−0.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 19 (−7) | 20 (−7) | 23 (−5) | 34 (1) | 45 (7) | 51 (11) | 62 (17) | 63 (17) | 53 (12) | 38 (3) | 26 (−3) | 19 (−7) | 19 (−7) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 3.03 (77) | 2.51 (64) | 3.08 (78) | 2.69 (68) | 2.35 (60) | 7.06 (179) | 9.05 (230) | 9.66 (245) | 7.03 (179) | 3.19 (81) | 1.90 (48) | 2.74 (70) | 54.29 (1,379) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 9.0 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 11.3 | 15.7 | 16.2 | 12.7 | 7.5 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 112.0 |
| Source: NOAA[10][11] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 327 | — | |
| 1900 | 541 | 65.4% | |
| 1910 | 2,212 | 308.9% | |
| 1920 | 2,105 | −4.8% | |
| 1930 | 3,414 | 62.2% | |
| 1940 | 3,402 | −0.4% | |
| 1950 | 4,323 | 27.1% | |
| 1960 | 6,768 | 56.6% | |
| 1970 | 7,118 | 5.2% | |
| 1980 | 13,251 | 86.2% | |
| 1990 | 17,906 | 35.1% | |
| 2000 | 21,003 | 17.3% | |
| 2010 | 23,484 | 11.8% | |
| 2020 | 25,117 | 7.0% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[12] | |||
| Race(NH = Non-Hispanic) | 2020[13] | 2010[14] | 2000[15] | 1990[16] | 1980[17] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 78.8% (19,804) | 83.2% (19,531) | 87% (18,263) | 89.3% (15,985) | 87.9% (11,652) |
| Black alone (NH) | 6.1% (1,524) | 6.1% (1,437) | 6% (1,265) | 8% (1,431) | 9.6% (1,266) |
| American Indian alone (NH) | 0.2% (56) | 0.2% (50) | 0.2% (49) | 0.2% (37) | 0% (5) |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1.4% (360) | 1.4% (331) | 1% (218) | 0.7% (123) | 0.6% (76) |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0.1% (16) | 0.1% (19) | 0% (10) | ||
| Other race alone (NH) | 0.5% (131) | 0.2% (48) | 0.1% (11) | 0% (7) | 0.1% (17) |
| Multiracial (NH) | 3.8% (944) | 1.5% (361) | 1.3% (278) | — | — |
| Hispanic/Latino (any race) | 9.1% (2,282) | 7.3% (1,707) | 4.3% (909) | 1.8% (323) | 1.8% (235) |
As of the2020 United States census, there were 25,117 people, 10,971 households, and 6,191 families residing in the city.[18] The most reported ancestries in 2020 were:[19]
As of the2010 United States census, there were 23,484 people, 9,870 households, and 6,113 families residing in the city.[20]
As of thecensus[4] of 2000, there were 21,003 people, 9,067 households, and 5,947 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,297.1 inhabitants per square mile (886.9/km2). There were 10,759 housing units at an average density of 1,176.7 units per square mile (454.3 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.07%White, 6.15%African American, 0.29%Native American, 1.04%Asian, 0.06%Pacific Islander, 0.81% fromother races, and 1.57% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 4.33% of the population.
In 2000, there were 9,067 households, out of which 22.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.2% weremarried couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.78.
In 2000, in the city, the population was spread out, with 19.2% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 24.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.1 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $38,251, and the median income for a family was $46,316. Males had a median income of $36,356 versus $25,252 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $21,504. About 7.7% of families and 9.8% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.
In 2000, 84.99% of the population spokeEnglish as afirst language, while the second most spoken language wasGreek, at 8.87% of residents. 3.46% spokeSpanish, 1.09% atFrench,German 0.56%, andItalian was spoken by 0.55% of people living in Tarpon Springs. In total, 15% of the population spoke a language other than English as amother tongue.[21]
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Elaborate religious ceremonies are hosted by theSt. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Cathedral, part of theGreek Orthodox Church, including the January 6Epiphany celebration. The first Greek immigrants depended on the sea and their boats for their livelihood. TheMetropolitan ofAtlanta usually presides over the blessings, sometimes joined by theArchbishop of America. The blessings conclude with the ceremonial throwing of a wooden cross into the city's Spring Bayou, and boys ages 16 to 18 dive in to retrieve it: whoever recovers the cross is said to be blessed for a full year.[22]
Museums include:
Notable districts and properties listed on theNational Register of Historic Places include:
Sites related to the sponge industry include:
The Tarpon Springs Public Library was founded in 1916 by Julia Roswell Smith Inness and other leading members of the Tarpon Springs community.[23] The library began in the northern portion of the second floor of the Tarpon Springs City Hall and was supported by the Library Association and public dues.[23]
The Tarpon Springs Public Library has moved five times over the course of its history to accommodate its increasing collection to support the growing population of Tarpon Springs.[24]In 1921, the library moved into a house on Orange Street owned by Miss Richey, who also managed the collection.[23] After the sale of the house on Orange Street and some financial difficulties for the library due to the Great Depression, the library was set up in the Tarpon Hotel thanks to the support from the Tarpon Springs Enterprise Association.[23]
In 1937, a plot of land was donated by John and Mabel Cheyney to build a new library on what later became known as Library Lane. Groundbreaking for this building began in July 1938.[23] The library was located here until 1964 when a new library building opened in Coburn Park.[23] The library was housed in this building until the current library building, located at 138 East Lemon St. Tarpon Springs, FL 34689, opened in January of 1997.[24]
The current Tarpon Springs Public Library building is 20,000 square feet and is located in the downtown area of Tarpon Springs.[24] The front of the building is adorned with a fountain showcasing two life size Tarpons springing forth from the water in celebration of the city's namesake.[23] The building entrance is decorated with Mediterranean green marble which was also used to create both the Circulation and Reference desks.[23]
Tarpon Springs Library is a member of the Pinellas Public Library Cooperative. It offers Pinellas County residents access to its wide collection, free computer use, as well as one-on-one Genealogy assistance. [25]
Tarpon Springs is the setting and primary filming location of the 1953 filmBeneath the Twelve-Mile Reef which follows the lives of a family of Greek sponge fishermen and depicts the annualEpiphany celebration.[citation needed]
Tarpon Springs Police Department has 57 total police officers, with 32 assigned to patrol.[26][27]
AdventHealth North Pinellas is a hospital in Tarpon Springs.[28]
In 2007 and 2008, the Tarpon Springs established sister city relationships withKalymnos,Halki,Symi,Hydra, andLarnaca, Cyprus, recognizing the historical link with those Greek-speaking islands.[citation needed]
Municipalities and communities ofPinellas County, Florida,United States | ||
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| Unincorporated communities | ||
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