Taqi Arani | |
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تقی ارانی | |
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| Born | (1903-09-05)5 September 1903 |
| Died | 4 February 1940(1940-02-04) (aged 36) |
| Alma mater | Technische Universität Berlin |
| Occupation(s) | Chemist, teacher, author |
| Criminal charge | Marxist sedition |
Taqi Arani (Persian:تقی ارانی; 5 September 1903 – 4 February 1940), was a professor ofchemistry, left-wing Iranian political activist and theorist as well as the founder and editor of theMarxist magazineDonya (The World).[1] The magazine's main aim was to introduce Marxism to Iranians and to provide a basis for a prospective Marxist group.[2]
Arani was born in Tabriz and moved toTehran with his family when he was four years old. In 1920, he graduated fromDar ul-Funun School in Tehran and pursued his studies inGermany studying chemistry at theTechnische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (nowTechnische Universität Berlin). While studying in Germany, he began to study politics as well. Upon finishing his studies, he returned to Iran in 1928 and startedDonya magazine. Many people considerDonya as his most important contribution to modern intellectual life in Iran. In 1938, he and 52 of his colleagues,The Fifty-Three, were arrested and charged with involvement in communist activities.[3] He died (or as some claim, was killed)[4] in jail on 4 February 1940.[5]
Members of the Fifty-Three would go on to found theTudeh Party in 1941,[6] often considered the beginning of the modern Communist party in Iran.[7]
Although an important figure in the history of Iran's Marxist Left, Arani held strongIranian nationalist andchauvinistic leanings early in his career[8] and wrote on the Iranian character of Iran'sAzerbaijan region in response topan-Turkist groups inTurkey of the 1920s.[9] He also argued that the state should be reestablished based on the principles of the centralisedSassanian state.[8]
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