Tania Libertad | |
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 Tania Libertad performing at the Latin Grammys 2014. | |
| Background information | |
| Born | Tania Libertad de Souza Zúñiga (1952-10-24)October 24, 1952 (age 73) Zaña,Lambayeque Region,Peru |
| Origin | Lima, Peru |
| Genres | Ballad,Bolero,Música criolla,Nueva Trova,Mariachi |
| Occupation | Singer |
| Years active | 1959 - present |
| Labels | Sony Music |
Tania Libertad de Souza Zúñiga (born October 24, 1952) known professionally asTania Libertad, is aPeruvian-Mexican singer in the World Music genre.[1]
Libertad was named an Ambassador for Peace byUNESCO, Comendadora by the Peruvian government, a member of the Order of Rio Branco by the Brazilian government, among other honors.[2][3] In 2009, she received theLatin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award for musical excellence.[4] With more than 44 albums and sales of over 12 million copies, her work is widely known throughout the Americas, Europe and Africa.[5][6] She has performed concerts in France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Holland, England, Morocco, Angola, Senegal, the United States, Peru, Ecuador, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Uruguay, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, El Salvador, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico.[7] The year 2012 marked 50 years as a performer with two sold-out performances at thePalacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City, launching a tour throughout Latin America.[8]
Libertad was born in Zaña, a small town in theLambayeque Region on the coast of northern Peru and was raised in the regional capital ofChiclayo.[9] Her mother was anurse ofindigenous descent, and her father was apoliceman ofPortuguese descent with very traditional views ongender roles. She grew up with eight older brothers.[10] She found growing up in such amale-dominated environment difficult.[11]
She first sang on stage at the age of five in Chiclayo. Because her parents worked long hours, her family didn't know she was singing. In early performances, she sang traditional Peruvian and Mexican songs, including waltzes andboleros.[12] When her father discovered her musical talent, he had her sing songs he had written to hismistresses; she found these songs were of poor quality and helped her distinguish between good and bad music.[11] She further developed her repertoire with traditional androck music on the radio, and recalls singing in competitions at age seven, knowing 300 boleros by eight, and making records by nine.[12]
As a teenager, Libertad moved to the Peruvian capital ofLima. She sang in nightclubs there, and her father worked as hermanager. She was soon offered a contract withRCA Victor and had her first national hit in Peru, "La Contamanina."[9] While Libertad pursued her musical career she convinced her father to let her study engineering at the university. Because her father wanted to study what one of her brothers did, she studied science and engineering infisheries. She never used this education later in life, but she credits her university experience with exposing her to other people who were interested in art andleft-wing politics, especiallyanti-war movements.[12]
During this time, Libertad's interest inAfro-Peruvian music, which flourished in her native north, grew. Thenationalist Peruvian government wanted to encourage expressions of Peruvian culture, going so far as to establish an Afro-Peruvianballet company. She also became uncomfortable singing in nightclubs due to thesexism andracism prevalent there, which motivated her to begin singing socially conscious music in universities andunion halls.[9] But as her father became more protective of her as a teenager, he wanted her to give up her musical career,[10] so at the age of 20, she ran away from home and lived with friends for two weeks until her father accepted her desire to sing full-time.[12]
In 1976, Libertad began to travel abroad, and was inspired by the musical traditions and political consciousness she encountered in the places she visited, such asCuba.[12] Unsuccessful in Peru with her new brand of music, she decided to emigrate to Mexico. She arrived there penniless and bonded with Latin American artists who fled their home countries for political reasons. Soon, she found her first job at the Blanquita Theatre inMexico City.[11] There, Libertad was given a contract byPolyGram singingtrova, Afro-Peruvian music,salsa, and bolero.[9] In 1985, she released her first album of boleros. She has lived in Mexico since, and has sung in over 20 countries on every inhabited continent.
During her career, Libertad shared the stage with other international artists such asMercedes Sosa,Joan Manuel Serrat,Silvio Rodríguez,Pablo Milanés,Alberto Cortez,León Gieco,Juan Carlos Baglietto,Guadalupe Pineda,Chico Buarque,Gal Costa,Alfredo Zitarrosa,Cesária Évora,Vicente Fernández,Eugenia León,Chayanne,Juan Gabriel,Miguel Bosé,Plácido Domingo,Armando Manzanero,Simón Díaz,Willie Colón,Tito Puente,Oscar Chávez,Iván Lins,Riccardo Cocciante,Soledad Pastorutti,Marco Antonio Muñiz,Soledad Bravo,Amália Rodrigues,Susana Rinaldi,Phil Manzanera,Lucha Villa and the groupInti Illimani, among others.[13]
TheNobel Prize winning Portuguese authorJose Saramago writes of her work:
"The first time I heard Tania Libertad sing, it was a revelation from on high - from a place where only a naked voice might go, alone in the world, unaccompanied by any instrument. Tania was singing the Rafael Alberti composition "La Paloma" a capella, and each note touched a string in my soul until I was completely dazzled." -José Saramago[7]
Despite not being of African descent, Libertad is inspired by the Afro-Peruvian music indigenous to the area of Peru in which she was born, an area primarily populated by descendants ofenslaved Africans.[9][12] Her albumsCosta Negra andColor Negro, from 2003 and 2004 respectively, are recordings of Afro-Peruvian songs.[9]
Her appreciation of Afro-Antillan music has been reflected in works which referenceTrova andNueva canción, and have included arranged renditions of compositions bySilvio Rodriguez.
Additionally, she has collaborated withArmando Manzanero.
Libertad is married to a businessman and has a son; they live in Mexico City.[11]
She considers herself a citizen of the world, and ascribes tothe ideas ofSimón Bolívar, especially that Latin America should be a unified body without borders.[14] She identifies as anti-war, but does not like to be labeled aprotest singer.[15]
Libertad has recorded 44 albums with more than 12 million copies sold.[16]
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