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Former good article nomineeNicolaus Copernicus was aNatural sciences good articles nominee, but did not meet thegood article criteria at the time. There may be suggestions below for improving the article. Once these issues have been addressed, the article can berenominated. Editors may also seek areassessment of the decision if they believe there was a mistake.
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On this day...Facts from this article were featured on Wikipedia'sMain Page in the"On this day..." column onFebruary 19, 2017,February 19, 2021,February 19, 2024, andFebruary 19, 2025.
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Nationality

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Should we assume Copernicus' nationality can bePolish?Absolutiva (talk)23:11, 14 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]

Do you have NEW evidence that goes beyond those that have been debated here for a decade or two?
If not, leave it as it is.
See my above comment that starts with "We have been through this".ASchudak (talk)22:40, 12 December 2024 (UTC)[reply]
No because Columbus is considered Italian on Wikipedia even though Italy was not formed for another 400 years and none of the people at the time considered themselves Italian (because that state never existed) while Copernicus only had 1 Polish parent and lived within Polish territory. It would not fit the narrative.2600:1702:7530:510F:4121:37B5:41FC:7638 (talk)12:04, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Read the very extensive talkpage archives where nationality has been discussed and where the current consensus was achieved.Acroterion(talk)12:12, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
I appreciate your response. As I pointed out, Columbus is labeled Italian even though that Ethnicity/Nationality did not exist for another 400 years but Christopher is somehow not considered Polish even though his mother was Polish and his father's family lived in Polish capital and Christopher himself lived within Polish territory. It's hard to see consistency. But I do appreciate your response.2600:1702:7530:510F:4121:37B5:41FC:7638 (talk)12:27, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
I think you'll see that people have tried to parse all of the shifts of land, people, language and dominion to something that can be the least awkward and most concise manner of describing his nationality in accordance with the sources available. Not surprisingly, there is a lot of nationalist aggravation mixed into the discussions.Acroterion(talk)12:32, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Why is Columbus labeled Italian when the Italian ethnicity/nationality did not exist for another 400 years? Can that be fixed?2600:1702:7530:510F:4121:37B5:41FC:7638 (talk)13:24, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
This page isn't about Columbus, is it? SeeWP:OTHERCONTENT, and take it up at the Columbus talkpage.Acroterion(talk)22:57, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
a) Please log in - talking with an IP is rarely worth it.
b) You miss the point. It is NOT a lack of a Polish or German state that caused the decision to not decide for one of these for Copernicus. Both nations clearly existed as cultural groups. And there were large overlaps, especially in the areas that went from the control of the Teutonic order towards Poland, like Royal Prussia, Warmia - and actually the whole Teutonic order which joined Poland as Ducal Prussia 1525. Still, Germans were all around, especially in the major cities like Torun/Thorn or even other areas like Cracow.
So we DO know that Copernicus served the Polish king as citizen of Warmia, and he joined the German natio in Bologna. There are good points to label him both. Or a Prussian, which, however, leads to a misunderstanding as the later Prussian state was way more German then the Royal Prussia of Copernicus times. If you have new arguments that have not been covered in any of the 5 archive pages on this aspect alone, just leave him as one of the most famous persons of the Renaissance, in the tradition in and heritage to both cultures.
ASchudak (talk)20:35, 7 November 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Good luck, this article has been hijacked by neo-Nazi historical revisionists for close to 20 years.2603:8081:5100:28F5:A51B:3224:F06D:7F98 (talk)19:53, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Calvin's view of Copernicus

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The section on theological controversy begins with an example quote from Calvin. The cited source for this is Rosen (1960). Rosen argues that Calvin has been misquoted as opposed to Copernicus, and concludes "What, then, may we ask at the end of our inquiry, was Calvin's attitude toward Copernicus? Never having heard of him, Calvin had no attitude toward Copernicus." He also points out that Calvin was in favor of astronomy generally.

I'd suggest removing the reference to Calvin in the opening of the section, and going directly to the material about Joshua's long day which was the historic locus of most theological controversy about Copernican astronomy.Dtjohnso (talk)17:13, 12 February 2025 (UTC)[reply]

I read the abstract and it appears Calvin never spoke about Copernicus. Calvin's mention of Jericho (where God stopped the sun) also appears not to have been directed to Copernicus.
Also, why does the section spend the majority of its time talking about Protestants before briefly mentioning the Catholic Church and even then downplaying its role in suppressing heliocentrism?
The section should be re-written from scratch.TFD (talk)04:08, 13 February 2025 (UTC)[reply]

March 2025

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@Eem dik doun in toene: Do you mind explaining to me what's been discussed, please? It doesn't make sense to me that a biographical article should omit the subject's nationality in the lead when it's standard practice literally everywhere else to state it.GOLDIEM J (talk)21:00, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Please take a look at the talk archives of this page, or the "Nationality" discussion above (from 3 months ago). ASchudak's response summarises this.Eem dik doun in toene (talk)21:10, 26 March 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Disputed nationality?

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Question asked and answered. This isn't a discussion concerning Columbus, Joan of Arc, or any other person from a place whose boundaries or name have changed through history
The following discussion has been closed.Please do not modify it.

I thought Copernicus was born in Poland, is this disputed? Because there seems to be some resistance against calling him a Polish astronomer.166.196.79.1 (talk)23:11, 13 July 2025 (UTC)[reply]

See above, read the archives.Acroterion(talk)23:13, 13 July 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Wikipedia does a good job of stating that the family from fathers side originated in Krakow (Polish capital). Mothers side is actually labeled Polish. I don't understand how father's family wouldn't be Polish if they originate from Polish capital, but I digress. And yet, he's not considered Polish by Wikipedia standards. Somehow Columbus is considered Italian, a ethnicity/nationality that did not exist for another 400 years. Wikipedia consistency is amazing.2600:1702:7530:510F:4121:37B5:41FC:7638 (talk)12:16, 13 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
You're making incorrect assumptions by viewing medieval and early modern identities through a modern-day lens. Nationalities and ethnicities do not only exist when a country is (fully) united or when there's modern-day citizenship. For example,Dante Alighieri called himself Italian, andMartin Luther said "Germany, my home country". Regarding Copernicus, sources have differed about his nationality, but he actually used to be viewed (until the 20th century) by most encyclopedias as a "German scientist".Eem dik doun in toene (talk)06:04, 14 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Poland was partitioned in late 18th century. Prussia and later the Nazi government attempted to erase Polish culture/people. So I guess you're telling me what is kind of obvious, that Germans claimed a Pole who was born in Poland to a Polish mother and a father who was likely Polish as well, having moved from Polish capital and his family tracing it's roots to Silesia, which while part of HRE during Copernicus's lifetime, was Polish land a hundred years earlier. It's a little surprising his fathers family would relocate from HRE to Polish capital if they were German. Still waiting for someone to explain to me the consistency in Columbus being Italian on Wikipedia, a ethnicity/nationality that did not exist for another 400 years to Copernicus who had a Polish mother, very likely a Polish father, and was born in Poland.2600:1702:7530:510F:4121:37B5:41FC:7638 (talk)23:18, 14 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
How can you read "by most encyclopedias" and assume it is part of "an attempt by Germans to erase Polish culture"? The description "German scientist" in reference to Copernicus has appeared in many British, American, French encyclopedias, and others, not just the German ones. And once again, you’re applying a modern perspective to medieval and early modern identities and contexts. The topic of his nationality has been discussed over and over again here, with facts such as Copernicus's first language being German, and that his parentage included a German father and a Polish mother having been repeated as many times. Unless new evidence is introduced, this discussion is unlikely to progress any further.Eem dik doun in toene (talk)19:10, 15 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
The idea that his fathers family would move from HRE (a region formerly Polish) to Polish capital and not be ethnically Polish is truly silly. Fact is, like Prussians and Nazi's, Germans tried to erase Polish people and culture and that can not be disputed. And most Encyclopedias list him as Polish. Wikipedia is the exception.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)13:12, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
That is your opinion. Please also read better next time, as I already explained to you what's the deal with the encyclopedias. You can read in Copernicus's Wiki article the following sentence, which I alluded to: "Andrzej Wojtkowski [pl] noted that most of the 19th and 20th century encyclopedias, particularly the English-language sources, described Copernicus as a "German scientist".Eem dik doun in toene (talk)14:35, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
You mean the ones when Poland was partitioned and didn't exist? Because the modern English ones list him as Polish. This is pointless. Wikipedia is the exception, most list him as Polish.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)14:48, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
That Poland was partitioned from the 18th century until 1918 had obviously no effect on the nationality of (historial) persons. For example, Chopin is described as Polish in the1911 edition of Encyclopedia Britannica.Eem dik doun in toene (talk)15:41, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Whataboutism. The fact it doesn't with Chopin does not mean it did not happen with Copernicus, who again, was born in Poland, had a Polish mother, and a father who came from Krakow, Polish capital and who's great grand parents came from Silesia which during their lifetime would have been part of Poland. Weird for a German family to move out of HRE to Polish capital. Like I said, this is silly, Wikipedia is the exception, the other major encyclopedias list him as Polish. Prussians (later Germans) and Nazis also considered him German. And somehow Columbus is Italian, a Nationality/Ethnicity that didn't exist for another 400 years. Consistency is amazing (sarcasm).2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)18:48, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
It has got nothing to do with 'whataboutism' as Chopin's entry simply explains that your assumption was wrong (it's also ironic that you ended your comment with some 'whataboutisms'). You repeat your subjective opinions, gut feelings and assumptions over and over again, but it doesn't mean it's correct. This is getting all too tiresome, so it's time toWP:DROPTHESTICK and move on...Eem dik doun in toene (talk)20:26, 16 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
It is a whataboutism. Fun fact, Chopin grew up in a area controlled by Russians not Prussians. So if you don't want to think it's whataboutism, lets say that Prussians wanted to erase Polish people/culture more than the Russians. You're literally not in a winning situation. Columbus should not be labeled Italian, a ethnicity/nationality that didn't exist for another 400 years. By every definition we have of ethnicity, if your parent is of that ethnicity, you're part of it. It's why every other encyclopedia lists him as Polish.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)01:04, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
The relevant policy isWP:ETHNICITY: "Copernicus's nationality is disputed, so it is omitted." That's because allegiance, ethnicity and other factors may differ. If you disagree, you need to get the policy changed. BTW, at one time most people considered him to be German, not just Nazis.TFD (talk)01:01, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
That's not true and you have no way of proving that.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)01:05, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Also how can Columbus be Italian on Wikipedia when the nationality did not exist for another 400 years. There was never an Italian kingdom in the 15th century.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)01:11, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]
Joan's of Arc, born in either Burgundy or England. Somehow listed as French. Wikipedia is very inconsistent.2600:1702:7530:510F:687E:CE00:C71D:3FC5 (talk)01:14, 17 October 2025 (UTC)[reply]

External links

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Further information:Wikipedia: External links
Some things just grow during incremental edits and sometimes get out of hand. The "External links" section, one of the optional appendices, was expanded to 33 entries under five subsections. Three seems to be an acceptable number, and of course, everyone has their favorite to try to add for a fourth.Consensus needs to determine this.
No link is needed for article promotion.
Some links may be included inWP:ELNO, orWhat Wikipedia is not (policy) such asWP:NOTREPOSITORY orWP:NOTGUIDE.
  • In some casesELCITE applies:Do not use{{cite web}} or other citation templates in the External links section. Citation templates are permitted in the Further reading section. Others, listed below:
  • ELpoints #3) states:Links in the "External links" section should be kept to a minimum. A lack of external links or a small number of external links is not a reason to add external links.
  • LINKFARM states:There is nothing wrong with adding one or more useful content-relevant links to the external links section of an article; however, excessive lists can dwarf articles and detract from the purpose of Wikipedia. On articles about topics with many fansites, for example, including a link to one major fansite may be appropriate.
  • ELMIN:Minimize the number of links.
TheExternal links guidelineThis page in a nutshell:External links in an article can be helpful to the reader, but they should be kept minimal, meritable, and directly relevant to the article. With rare exceptions, external links should not be used in the body of an article.
Second paragraph,acceptable external links include those that contain further research that is accurate and on-topic, information that could not be added to the article for reasons such as copyright or amount of detail, or other meaningful, relevant content that is not suitable for inclusion in an article for reasons unrelated to its accuracy.
The section could stand some trimming -- with a chainsaw.
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