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| Taiwan Army of Japan | |
|---|---|
 Taiwan Army of Japan HQ, Taihoku | |
| Active | August 20, 1919 - September 22, 1944 |
| Country |  Empire of Japan |
| Branch |  Imperial Japanese Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Role | Corps |
| Garrison/HQ | Taihoku |
TheTaiwan Army of Japan (台湾軍,Taiwan gun) was anarmy of theImperial Japanese Army stationed on the island ofTaiwan as agarrison force. Taiwanese were relegated to non-combatant civilian work as manual labourers, porters and Chinese language interpreters. Taiwanese were not allowed as combatants until 1942 when volunteers were permitted to enlist and all combatant soldiers from the Taiwan army of Japan before 1942 were ethnic Japanese. Japan only conscripted ethnic Taiwanese in 1945 in a last ditch attempt for manpower.
Following theFirst Sino-Japanese War, theTreaty of Shimonoseki transferred control of Taiwan from theQing Empire to theEmpire of Japan. The Japanese government established theGovernor-General of Taiwan based inTaihoku. The Governor-General of Taiwan was given control of local military forces on 20 August 1919, which formed the nucleus of the Taiwan Army of Japan.
Primarily a garrison force, the Japanese Taiwan Army was placed under control of theShanghai Expeditionary Army at the start of theSecond Sino-Japanese War in 1937. A component of the Taiwan Army, the Taiwan Independent Combined Brigade, was active in numerous campaigns on the China, and was later expanded into the48th Infantry Division. Troops from this army were also involved in theNanjing Massacre in December 1937.
Towards the end ofWorld War II, as the situation looked increasingly desperate for Japan, the Taiwan Army was merged with several other units garrisoning the island of Taiwan against possibleAllied invasion, and the Taiwan Army was absorbed into the newJapanese Tenth Area Army on 22 September 1944, under which it formed theTaiwan District Army on 1 February 1945, but its command was directly by the Japanese 10th Area Army.
| Name | From | To | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GeneralMotojiro Akashi | 20 August 1919 | 26 October 1919 |
| 2 | GeneralGoro Shiba | 1 December 1919 | 4 May 1921 |
| 3 | Lieutenant GeneralMasatarō Fukuda | 4 May 1921 | 6 August 1923 |
| 4 | GeneralSoroku Suzuki | 6 August 1923 | 20 August 1924 |
| 5 | Lieutenant GeneralTakaichi Kanno | 20 August 1924 | 28 July 1926 |
| 6 | Lieutenant GeneralKunishige Tanaka | 28 July 1926 | 10 August 1928 |
| 7 | GeneralTakashi Hishikari | 10 August 1928 | 3 June 1930 |
| 8 | GeneralJotaro Watanabe | 3 June 1930 | 1 August 1931 |
| 9 | Lieutenant GeneralJinzaburō Masaki | 1 August 1931 | 9 January 1932 |
| 10 | GeneralNobuyuki Abe | 9 January 1932 | 1 August 1933 |
| 11 | GeneralIwane Matsui | 1 August 1933 | 1 August 1934 |
| 12 | Field Marshal CountHisaichi Terauchi | 1 August 1934 | 2 December 1935 |
| 13 | Lieutenant GeneralHeisuke Yanagawa | 2 December 1935 | 1 August 1936 |
| 14 | Field MarshalShunroku Hata | 1 August 1936 | 2 August 1937 |
| 15 | Lieutenant GeneralMikio Tsutsumi | 2 August 1937 | 8 September 1938 |
| 16 | Lieutenant GeneralTomou Kodama | 8 September 1938 | 1 December 1939 |
| 17 | Lieutenant GeneralMitsuru Ushijima | 1 December 1939 | 2 December 1940 |
| 18 | Lieutenant GeneralMasaharu Homma | 2 December 1940 | 6 November 1941 |
| 19 | GeneralRikichi Ando | 6 November 1941 | 17 September 1945 |
| Name | From | To | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Major GeneralKoichiro Soda | 20 August 1919 | 25 February 1921 |
| 2 | Major GeneralKojiro Satoi | 25 February 1921 | 4 February 1924 |
| 3 | Major GeneralKinzo Watanabe | 4 February 1924 | 26 July 1927 |
| 4 | Major GeneralNenosuke Sato | 26 July 1927 | 24 April 1930 |
| 5 | Major GeneralTakeshi Kosugi | 24 April 1930 | 11 April 1932 |
| 6 | Major GeneralYoshishige Shimizu | 11 April 1932 | 18 March 1933 |
| 7 | Major GeneralKennosuke Otsuka | 18 March 1933 | 22 January 1934 |
| 8 | Major GeneralSumei Kuwaki | 22 January 1934 | 1 August 1935 |
| 9 | Lieutenant GeneralRyuhei Ogisu | 1 August 1935 | 1 March 1937 |
| 10 | Major GeneralMasataka Hata | 1 March 1937 | 19 February 1938 |
| 11 | Lieutenant GeneralHisaichi Tanaka | 19 February 1938 | 8 September 1938 |
| 12 | Major GeneralKazuo Otsu | 15 October 1938 | 9 March 1940 |
| 13 | Lieutenant GeneralMikio Uemura | 9 March 1940 | 1 March 1941 |
| 14 | Lieutenant GeneralTakaji Wachi | 1 March 1941 | 20 February 1942 |
| 15 | Lieutenant GeneralShichiro Higuchi | 20 February 1942 | 29 October 1943 |
| 16 | Lieutenant GeneralShinpachi Kondo | 29 October 1943 | 8 July 1944 |
| 17 | Lieutenant GeneralHaruki Isayama | 8 July 1944 | 17 September 1945 |
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