| Tahiti Trot | |
|---|---|
| Tea for Two | |
| Arrangement byDmitri Shostakovich | |
.jpg) Dmitri Shostakovich in 1925 | |
| Opus | 16 |
| Commissioned by | Nicolai Malko |
| Based on | "Tea for Two" byVincent Youmans |
| Composed | circa October 1927 |
| Dedication | To dear Nicolai Andreyevich Malko as a token of my best feelings |
| Publisher | Muzika,Hans Sikorski Musikverlage |
| Duration | 4 minutes |
| Scoring | symphony orchestra |
| Premiere | |
| Date | November 25, 1928 |
| Location | Large Hall of theMoscow Conservatory, Moscow,Russian SFSR |
| Conductor | Nicolai Malko |
| Performers | SovFil Orchestra [ru] |
Tahiti Trot (Russian:Таити трот,romanized: Taiti trot) (orTea for Two),[1]Op. 16, is anarrangement for symphony orchestra byDmitri Shostakovich of the song "Tea for Two" from the musicalNo, No, Nanette byVincent Youmans. It was composed in 1927 and resulted from a bet between the composer and the score's dedicatee,Nicolai Malko.
Tahiti Trot was premiered on November 25, 1928, and quickly became popular in the Soviet Union. Changing cultural politics that resulted from theGreat Break and the end ofNEP led to Shostakovich renouncing the work. It subsequently was withdrawn, then considered a lost work untilGennady Rozhdestvensky reconstructed it in the early 1980s from orchestral parts presented to him by Malko's widow; it was first published in 1984.
In his memoirs,Nicolai Malko recalled first hearingVincent Youmans' "Tea for Two" at theMeyerhold Theatre in Moscow in 1927:
[They] performed a play calledRoar, China. In one of the scenes some Americans on a ship are dancing. Thefoxtrot used in that scene became very popular. Nobody knew who the composer was. [...] It was called the "Tahiti Trot". In reality it was "Tea for Two". Jazz music was regarded very negatively in Russia in those days. I did not agree with this philosophy and referred to that foxtrot as an example of music that was not bad.[2]
Shostakovich developed an interest in popular music during this period. Like Malko, he had heard "Tea for Two" at the Meyerhold Theatre. He was also greatly impressed byErnst Krenek's jazz-influenced opera,Jonny spielt auf, and its arrangement of another Youmans song fromNo, No, Nanette, "I Want to Be Happy". In the company of friends he enjoyed playing jazz-style improvisations on the piano for them.[3]
At some point before October 1927,[4][5] Malko jokingly suggested to Shostakovich that he should orchestrate "Tea for Two" and proposed a bet:
If you, Mitenka, are as brilliant as they all say, then please go into the next room, write that song down from memory, orchestrate it, and I will play it. I will give you an hour to do this.[6]
Shostakovich completed his task in forty-five minutes, thereby winning the bet.[3][6] He dedicated the score to Malko as a "token of [his] best feelings".[1]
Tahiti Trot was later included, with modified orchestration, as the interlude to the third act of the balletThe Golden Age upon the request ofAlexander Gauk.[7] Shostakovich also includedTahiti Trot in an unpublished five-movement version of the ballet's suite.[8]
The manuscript score has no tempo markings; these were added byGennady Rozhdestvensky when he edited the score for its first publication in 1984.[9][a] A typical performance takes four minutes.[1]
In the original arrangement, the orchestra consists of the following instruments:
|
Shostakovich later adjusted the orchestration for the version ofTahiti Trot inThe Golden Age and added awoodblock andalto saxophone.[1]
Tahiti Trot was officially premiered at the Large Hall of theMoscow Conservatory on November 25, 1928, by theSovFil Orchestra [ru] conducted by Malko, although this had been preceded by his performances on August 2 and 3 with the Baku Academic Orchestra in theAzerbaijani SSR.[1] It appeared in a program devoted to Shostakovich's music, which also included the suite fromThe Nose and another arrangement,Two Pieces byDomenico Scarlatti, Op. 17.[10] Malko touredTahiti Trot around the Soviet Union, including inKiev where the score was pirated and performed without permission.[4] According to Gauk,Tahiti Trot elicited the vivid approval of audiences, which always demanded the piece be encored.[7]
The first British performance took place in London on March 8, 1929,[b] with Malko conducting theWireless Orchestra.[12] Prior to that performance, Malko told theDaily Mail that he did not make distinctions between a "great symphony" or a "musical comedy" provided that they are good, and that he appreciated a "good jazz band as much as a good symphony orchestra and far prefer[ed] to listen to a really good jazz band than a poor symphony orchestra".[13]
The popularity of foxtrots and light music in the Soviet Union was viewed as a "problem" by the authorities. At a June 1929 conference of theCentral Committee of the CPSU,People's Commissar of EducationAnatol Lunacharsky said that no task was "more urgent" for Soviet culture than to rebuke the "aggressive, jazzy syncopations of the foxtrot":[14]
The bourgeoisie would like man to live not so much by his head as by his sexual organs. [...] The fundamental element of the foxtrot derives from mechanization, suppressed eroticism, and a desire to deaden feeling through drugs. [...] [W]e do not need that kind of music.[3]
Shostakovich repudiatedTahiti Trot in a 1930 issue ofProletarskiy Muzikant, the house journal of theRussian Association of Proletarian Musicians. He said that composing the arrangement and letting Malko perform it had been a "political mistake",[15] that he had conceived it forThe Golden Age and that playing outside the context of the ballet gave the incorrect impression that he was a supporter of light music,[16] and that he dispatched a letter to Malko immediately demanding that he cease performingTahiti Trot. A later issue ofProletarskiy Muzikant published Malko's response, which said that he never received any demand to stop performingTahiti Trot, but that he had not programmed it in any of his recent concerts anyway. He also expressed irritation that Shostakovich had seemingly put the entire blame for the affair on him. In an afterword, the editorial board of the magazine wrote that both composer and conductor shared equal responsibility.[15]
The score was withdrawn and quickly forgotten,[15] an outcome that Gauk deplored in his memoirs.[7] By 1942, the manuscript was reported lost byNicolas Slonimsky,[17] although Malko confirmed in his memoirs that he still possessed it.[4]
Gennady Rozhdestvensky reconstructedTahiti Trot using the original orchestral parts that had been in the possession of Malko. His widow provided them to Rozhdestvensky.Tahiti Trot was published for the first time in 1984.[18]
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)