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TGF beta 2

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

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TGFB2

Available structures

PDB

Ortholog search:PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1TFG,2TGI,4KXZ

Identifiers

Aliases

TGFB2, TGF-beta2, transforming growth factor beta 2, G-TSF

External IDs

OMIM:190220;MGI:98726;HomoloGene:2432;GeneCards:TGFB2;OMA:TGFB2 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)^[1]

Band	1q41	Start	218,345,336bp^[1]
Band	1q41	End	218,444,619bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)^[2]

Band	1 H5\|1 89.95 cM	Start	186,354,989bp^[2]
Band	1 H5\|1 89.95 cM	End	186,438,186bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

Achilles tendon

cartilage tissue

germinal epithelium

tendon of biceps brachii

sperm

minor salivary glands

ventricular zone

tibia

islet of Langerhans

smooth muscle tissue

Top expressed in

epithelium of lens

decidua

ciliary body

iris

external carotid artery

secondary oocyte

internal carotid artery

Epithelium of choroid plexus

semi-lunar valve

submandibular gland

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding signaling receptor binding type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding cytokine activity transforming growth factor beta receptor binding growth factor activity protein homodimerization activity amyloid-beta binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity
Cellular component	extracellular region extracellular matrix platelet alpha granule lumen extracellular space axon soma collagen-containing extracellular matrix
Biological process	eye development regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production response to progesterone cell death cardioblast differentiation positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process protein phosphorylation positive regulation of heart contraction positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process angiogenesis negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation uterine wall breakdown negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin cell population proliferation transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade cell-cell junction organization extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway collagen fibril organization positive regulation of epithelial cell migration neutrophil chemotaxis positive regulation of cell growth response to wounding negative regulation of cell growth positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation glial cell migration wound healing positive regulation of ossification cardiac muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition odontogenesis positive regulation of timing of catagen positive regulation of immune response regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity positive regulation of protein secretion epithelial to mesenchymal transition embryonic digestive tract development response to hypoxia cell-cell signaling positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation heart morphogenesis platelet degranulation salivary gland morphogenesis generation of neurons negative regulation of immune response cell morphogenesis positive regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling cell migration activation of protein kinase activity positive regulation of cell division cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition BMP signaling pathway cell development skeletal system development kidney development neural tube closure hair follicle development outflow tract septum morphogenesis membranous septum morphogenesis heart valve morphogenesis atrioventricular valve morphogenesis pulmonary valve morphogenesis endocardial cushion morphogenesis cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis endocardial cushion fusion atrial septum primum morphogenesis neural retina development development of the heart male gonad development hemopoiesis embryonic limb morphogenesis hair follicle morphogenesis ascending aorta morphogenesis dopamine biosynthetic process positive regulation of cell cycle negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction somatic stem cell division neuron development inner ear development uterus development pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation ventricular septum morphogenesis atrial septum morphogenesis pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis substantia propria of cornea development cranial skeletal system development negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation regulation of signaling receptor activity negative regulation of gene expression negative regulation of angiogenesis positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway SMAD protein signal transduction positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching regulation of timing of catagen secondary palate development regulation of cell population proliferation regulation of apoptotic process regulation of MAPK cascade
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


7042


21808

Ensembl


ENSG00000092969


ENSMUSG00000039239

UniProt


P61812


P27090

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_003238 NM_001135599


NM_009367 NM_001329107

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001129071 NP_003229


NP_001316036 NP_033393

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1: 218.35 – 218.44 Mb

Chr 1: 186.35 – 186.44 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) is a secreted protein known as acytokine that performs many cellular functions and has a vital role duringembryonic development (alternative names:Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, G-TSF, BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, Polyergin, Cetermin). It is anextracellular glycosylated protein. It is known to suppress the effects ofinterleukin dependentT-cell tumors. There are two named isoforms of this protein, created byalternative splicing of the samegene (i.e.,TGFB2).

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v t e PDB gallery
1tfg: AN UNUSUAL FEATURE REVEALED BY THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AT 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION OF HUMAN TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA2 2tgi: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA2: AN UNUSUAL FOLD FOR THE SUPERFAMILY

Cell signaling:TGFβ signaling pathway

TGF beta superfamily of ligands

Ligand ofACVR orTGFBR	TGF beta family TGF-β1 TGF-β2 TGF-β3 Activin and inhibin INHA INHBA INHBB INHBC Nodal
Ligand ofBMPR	Bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 BMP3 BMP4 BMP5 BMP6 BMP7 BMP8a BMP8b BMP10 BMP15 Growth differentiation factors GDF1 GDF2 GDF3 GDF5 GDF6 GDF7 Myostatin/GDF8 GDF9 GDF10 GDF11 GDF15 Anti-müllerian hormone

TGF beta receptors
(Activin,BMP,family)

TGFBR1:	Activin type 1 receptors ACVR1 ACVR1B ACVR1C ACVRL1 BMPR1 BMPR1A BMPR1B
TGFBR2:	Activin type 2 receptors ACVR2A ACVR2B AMHR2 BMPR2
TGFBR3:	Betaglycan

Transducers/SMAD

Ligand inhibitors

Coreceptors

Other

SARA

Growth factors

Fibroblast

FGF receptor ligands:	FGF1/FGF2/FGF5 FGF3/FGF4/FGF6
KGF	FGF7/FGF10/FGF22 FGF8/FGF17/FGF18 FGF9/FGF16/FGF20
FGF homologous factors:	FGF11(FHF3) FGF12(FHF1) FGF13(FHF2) FGF14(FHF4)
hormone-like:FGF15/19	FGF15 FGF19 FGF21 FGF23

EGF-like domain

TGFβ pathway

TGFβ

Insulin/IGF/
Relaxin family

Insulin andInsulin-like growth factor	IGF1 IGF2
Relaxin family peptide hormones	INSL3 INSL4 INSL5 INSL6 Relaxin 1 2 3

Platelet-derived

Vascular endothelial

Other

TGFβ receptor superfamily modulators

Type I

ALK1 (ACVRL1)	Agonists:Activin (A,B,AB) Avotermin BMP (10) Cetermin GDF (2 (BMP9)) TGFβ (1,2,3) Antibodies:Ascrinvacumab Kinase inhibitors:K-02288 ML-347 (LDN-193719, VU0469381) Decoy receptors:Dalantercept Other inhibitors:Disitertide
ALK2 (ACVR1A)	Agonists:Activin (A,B,AB) AMH (MIS) Avotermin BMP (5,6,7,8A,8B) Eptotermin alfa TGFβ (1,2,3) Kinase inhibitors:DMH-1 DMH-2 Dorsomorphin (BML-275) K-02288 ML-347 (LDN-193719, VU0469381)
ALK3 (BMPR1A)	Agonists:AMH (MIS) BMP (2,4,5,6,7,8A,8B) Dibotermin alfa Eptotermin alfa Kinase inhibitors:DMH-2 Dorsomorphin (BML-275) K-02288
ALK4 (ACVR1B)	Agonists:Activin (A,B,AB) GDF (1,3,11 (BMP11)) Myostatin (GDF8) Nodal Antagonists:Inhibin (A,B) Lefty (1,2) Kinase inhibitors:A 83-01 SB-431542 SB-505124
ALK5 (TGFβR1)	Agonists:Avotermin GDF (10 (BMP3B),11 (BMP11)) TGFβ (1,2,3) Antibodies:Fresolimumab Lerdelimumab Metelimumab Kinase inhibitors:A 83-01 D-4476 GW-788388 LY-364947 LY-2109761 Galunisertib (LY-2157299) R-268712 RepSox (E-616452, SJN-2511) SB-431542 SB-505124 SB-525334 SD-208
ALK6 (BMPR1B)	Agonists:BMP (2,4,5,6,7,8A,8B,15 (GDF9B)) Dibotermin alfa Eptotermin alfa GDF (5 (BMP14),6 (BMP13),7 (BMP12),9,15) Radotermin Kinase inhibitors:DMH-2 Dorsomorphin (BML-275) K-02288
ALK7 (ACVR1C)	Agonists:GDF (1,3,11 (BMP11)) Nodal Antagonists:Lefty (1,2) Kinase inhibitors:A 83-01 SB-431542 SB-505124

Type II

TGFβR2	Agonists:Avotermin GDF (10 (BMP3B)) TGFβ (1,2,3) Antibodies:Fresolimumab Lerdelimumab Metelimumab Kinase inhibitors:DMH-2 LY-364947
BMPR2	Agonists:BMP (2,4,6,7,10) Dibotermin alfa Eptotermin alfa GDF (2 (BMP9),5 (BMP14),6 (BMP13),7 (BMP12)) Radotermin Antagonists:Inhibin (A,B)
ACVR2A (ACVR2)	Agonists:Activin (A,B,AB) BMP (2,4,5,6,7,8A,8B,15 (GDF9B)) Dibotermin alfa Eptotermin alfa GDF (1,3,5 (BMP14),6 (BMP13),7 (BMP12),9,11 (BMP11),15) Myostatin (GDF8) Nodal Radotermin Antagonists:Inhibin (A,B) Lefty (1,2) Decoy receptors:Sotatercept
ACVR2B	Agonists:Activin (A,B,AB) BMP (2,4,6,7) Dibotermin alfa Eptotermin alfa GDF (1,3,5 (BMP14),6 (BMP13),7 (BMP12)) Myostatin (GDF8) Nodal Osteogenin (BMP3, BMP3A) Radotermin Antagonists:Inhibin (A,B) Lefty (1,2) Decoy receptors:Ramatercept
AMHR2 (AMHR)	Agonists:AMH (MIS)