Tây Ninh | |
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   Clockwise from top: | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: Western Security | |
 Location in Vietnam | |
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| Coordinates:11°20′N106°10′E / 11.333°N 106.167°E /11.333; 106.167 | |
| Country |  Vietnam |
| Region | Southeast |
| Metropolitan area | Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area |
| Capital | Tây Ninh |
| Government | |
| • People's Council Chair | Nguyễn Thành Tâm |
| • People's Committee Chair | Phạm Văn Tân |
| • Secretary of Tây Ninh Party Committee | Phạm Viết Thanh |
| Area | |
• Total | 8,536.44 km2 (3,295.94 sq mi) |
| Population (2025) | |
• Total | 3,254,170 |
| • Density | 381.209/km2 (987.327/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnicities | Vietnamese,Chăm,Khmer,Hoa |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Total | VND 108.971 trillion US$ 4.572 billion (2023) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Calling code | 66 |
| ISO 3166 code | VN-37 |
| HDI (2020) |  0.703[3](36th) |
| Website | www |
Tây Ninh is aprovince in theSoutheast region ofVietnam, with the new provincial capital was located atLong An Ward (formerly asTân An City,Long An Province) (old provincial capitalTây Ninh City,Tây Ninh Province changed toTân Ninh Ward)[4].
Tây Ninh province is located betweenHo Chi Minh City andPhnom Penh, in Southern Key Economic Zone.Tây Ninh City is 99 km away from Ho Chi Minh City followingNational Route 22 and 40 km away from the border with Cambodia to the northwest.[5]
Followers of theCao Dai, who dominate the area, have built a Holy See in Tây Ninh. The region also has concentrations of theHòa Hảo, a rival Buddhist sect. The area is noted for its large rubber and sugar plantations; rice and coconuts are also harvested.[6]
The province has a population of 1,169,165 (in 2019) and an area of 4,041.65 km2 (1,560.49 sq mi).[7]
The Vietnamese began to settle in the then Khmer territory in 1770.[citation needed] TheCao Đài religion originated in Tây Ninh. It is the birthplace ofTrình Minh Thế, a nationalist and military leader during the end of theFirst Indochina War.
Because of the once-vaunted political and military power of the Cao Dai, this region was the scene of prolonged and heavy fighting during theFirst Indochina War. Tây Ninh province served as a major terminus of theHo Chi Minh trail during theVietnam War, and in 1969 the Viet Cong captured Tây Ninh town and held it for several days. During the period of conflict betweenCambodia andVietnam in the late 1970s, theKhmer Rouge launched a number of cross-border raids into Tây Ninh province and committed atrocities against civilians. Several cemeteries around Tây Ninh are stark reminders of these events.[8]
On June 12, 2025, the National Assembly passed Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15,[9] which took effect the same day, mergingLong An Province into Tây Ninh Province.
Following the merger, Tây Ninh covers 8,536.44 km2 and has a population of 3,254,170.
Like otherSoutheast provinces, Tây Ninh province is in the middle terrain ofSouth Central Coast Highland andMekong Delta, the terrain is relatively flat. Tây Ninh not only has highland terrain, but also has flat terrain such asBlack Virgin Mountain with the height of 986 m, Phung Mountain (435 m), Heo Mountain (289 m), Tan Bien National Revolutionary Martyrs' Cemetery orHill 82 (82 m). Terrain of south districts is about 15 m height, while river source ofDầu Tiếng Lake and some places inTân Châu District is about 115 m, flat terrain and floodplain is 1 m, but the average height in Tây Ninh province is just about 35 m. Overall, terrain's height of Tây Ninh province is lower than that of other Southeast provinces, exceptHo Chi Minh City.
| January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daytime | 30.5 °C | 32.2 °C | 34 °C | 35 °C | 34.6 | 33.4 °C | 32 °C | 32 °C | 32 °C | 31.7 °C | 31.2 °C | 31 °C |
| Nighttime | 20.5 °C | 21.7 °C | 23 °C | 24.5 °C | 24 °C | 24 °C | 24.3 °C | 24 °C | 23.5 °C | 22.8 °C | 22.4 °C | 21.2 °C |
| Rainfall | 13 mm | 11 mm | 24 mm | 104 mm | 203 mm | 265 mm | 257 mm | 234 mm | 353 mm | 314 mm | 139 mm | 48 mm |
Tây Ninh has a tropical monsoon climate with two distinct seasons: adry season fromDecember toApril and arainy season fromMay toNovember. The temperature remains fairly consistent, with cooler and drier conditions in the earlydry season and warmer, more humid weather in therainy season. Daytime temperatures range from 30-34°C during the wet season and can exceed 38°C in thedry season, with nighttime temperatures between 23-26°C. Annual rainfall averages 1800 to 2200 mm. The region is less affected by typhoons fromJune toAugust due to its inland location and elevation behind theTrường Sơn Range. This climate is favorable for various agricultural activities, including fruit cultivation, industrial crops, medicinal plants, and livestock farming.[10]
In 2016–18, the province has reduced its rice and cassava growing areas and increased growing high-value fruits, according to the province's Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. The fruits includelongan,grapefruit,durian,mango andsoursop. During the period, the province's fruit growing area had a growth rate of 9.1 per cent a year, taking the province's total fruit area to 20,212ha by the end of 2018. The province has about 1,300ha of fruits, including soursop, grapefruit, pineapple, banana and dragon fruit, which are grown under VietGAP standards.[11]
Chairwoman of the National Assembly Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân lauded Tây Ninh for its efforts in socioeconomic development, with thegross regional domestic product (GRDP) growing 8.5 per cent in 2018 and the provincial competitiveness index ranked 14th out of the 63 cities and provinces, up five places from 2017.[12] Alongside economic development, the province should pay attention to sustainable environmental protection, especially sewage and forest environment issues. Urging the locality to pay due attention to the fight against smuggling, trade fraud, and counterfeit goods through border gates, Prime MinisterNguyễn Xuân Phúc stressed the need to combining socioeconomic development with ensuring defense and security in border areas.[13]
Tây Ninh province owns 9 industrial parks included the list of Vietnam industrial zone until 2015 and the vision of 2020, with a total natural land area of 4,485 ha. So far, 5 IPs have been established including: Trang Bang IP (190ha), Linh Trung industrial and processing zone No. III (203ha); Bourbon An Hoa IP (760 ha), Phuoc Đong IP (2,190 ha), Cha La IP – phase I (42 ha), with a total natural land area of 3,385 ha, the industrial land area for lease to construct workshop is 2,162 ha.[14]
In 2019, The Ministry of Transport,the Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee and the Tây Ninh provincial People's Committee held a conference inHo Chi Minh City on October 26 to sign a coordination plan on the construction of the Ho Chi Minh City-Moc Bai highway. The highway, which is being implemented under a public-private partnership, will connect the city with Moc Bai International Border Gate in the southern province of Tay Ninh.[15] TheMoc Bai International Border Gate in Tây Ninh province has international exchanges withCambodia andThailand. National Road 22 is the only road linking HCM City with Mộc Bài. A survey conducted in 2017 showed that 39,700 vehicles traveled on the road each day, and that its designed loading capacity was 40,000 per day. Construction of the HCM City-Moc Bai Expressway is slated to be completed by 2025 with at least four lanes and expanded to six or eight lanes by 2045.[16]
Tây Ninh is divided into 96 ward and commune level units:
- 82 communes:
Hưng Điền
Vĩnh Thạnh
Tân Hưng
Vĩnh Châu
Tuyên Bình
Vĩnh Hưng
Khánh Hưng
Tuyên Thạnh
Bình Hiệp
Bình Hoà
Mộc Hoá
Hậu Thạnh
Nhơn Hoà Lập
Nhơn Ninh
Tân Thạnh
Bình Thành
Thạnh Phước
Thạnh Hoá
Tân Tây
Thủ Thừa
Mỹ An
Mỹ Thạnh
Tân Long
Mỹ Quý
Đông Thành
Đức Huệ
An Ninh
Hiệp Hoà
Hậu Nghĩa
Hoà Khánh
Đức Lập
Mỹ Hạnh
Đức Hoà
Thạnh Lợi
Bình Đức
Lương Hoà
Bến Lức
Mỹ Yên
Long Cang
Rạch Kiến
Mỹ Lệ
Tân Lân
Cần Đước
Long Hựu
Phước Lý
Mỹ Lộc
Cần Giuộc
Phước Vĩnh Tây
Tân Tập
Vàm Cỏ
Tân Trụ
Nhựt Tảo
Thuận Mỹ
An Lục Long
Tầm Vu
Vĩnh Công
Phước Chỉ
Hưng Thuận
Thạnh Đức
Phước Thạnh
Truông Mít
Lộc Ninh
Cầu Khởi
Dương Minh Châu
Tân Đông
Tân Châu
Tân Phú
Tân Thành
Tân Hoà
Tân Lập
Tân Biên
Thạnh Bình
Trà Vong
Phước Vinh
Hoà Hội
Ninh Điền
Châu Thành
Hảo Đước
Long Chữ
Long Thuận
Bến Cầu
- 14 wards:
Kiến Tường
Long An (capital)
Tân An
Khánh Hậu
Tân Ninh
Bình Minh
Ninh Thạnh
Long Hoa
Hoà Thành
Thanh Điền
Trảng Bàng
An Tịnh
Gò Dầu
Gia Lộc
As of April 1, 2019, the total population of Tây Ninh province was 1,169,165people, with a population density of 268 people per square kilometer.[18] The urban population accounted for 207,569 people, representing 17.8% of the province's total population,[19] while the rural population was 961,596people, comprising 82.2% of the population.[20] There were 584,180 males[21] and 584,985 females.[22] The natural population growth rate by locality was 0.92%.[23][24] The urbanization rate in 2021 reached 42%.
As of April 1, 2019, Tây Ninh province had 9 different religious affiliations. The largest religious group wasCaodaism with 415,920 followers, followed byCatholicism with 45,992 followers, andBuddhism with 38,336 followers. Other religions includedIslam with 3,337 followers, Protestantism with 684 followers,Hoa Hao Buddhism with 236 followers, Minh Su Dao with four followers, Tinh do cu si Phat hoi Viet Nam with two followers, and Baháʼí with one follower.[25]
According to theGeneral Statistics Office of Vietnam, as of April 1, 2009, Tây Ninh province was home to 29 ethnic groups and foreign residents. Among them, the majority were the Kinh (Vietnamese) with 1,050,376 people, followed by theKhmer with 7,578 people, the Cham with 3,250 people, the Xtieng with 1,654 people, and the Hoa (ethnic Chinese) with 2,495 people. The remaining population consisted of other ethnic groups such as the Muong, Thai, Tay, and more.[25]
Media related toTay Ninh at Wikimedia CommonsPlaces adjacent to Tây Ninh province | |
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