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| Synovial bursa | |
|---|---|
 Typical joint | |
 Within the knee joint: bursae visible top right, middle right and bottom right | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | bursa synovialis |
| MeSH | D002061 |
| TA98 | A03.0.00.039 |
| TA2 | 2028,2027 |
| TH | H3.03.00.0.00039 |
| FMA | 9692 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Asynovial bursa, usually simplybursa (pl.:bursae orbursas), is a small fluid-filled sac lined bysynovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of viscoussynovial fluid (similar in consistency to that of a rawegg white). It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around ajoint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are found around most major joints of the body.
Based on location, there are three types of bursa: subcutaneous, submuscular and subtendinous. A subcutaneous bursa is located between the skin and an underlying bone. It allows skin to move smoothly over the bone. Examples include theprepatellar bursa located over the kneecap and theolecranon bursa at the tip of the elbow. A submuscular bursa is found between a muscle and an underlying bone, or between adjacent muscles. These prevent rubbing of the muscle during movements. A large submuscular bursa, thetrochanteric bursa, is found at the lateral hip, between the greater trochanter of the femur and the overlying gluteus maximus muscle. A subtendinous bursa is found between a tendon and a bone. Examples include thesubacromial bursa that protects the tendon of shoulder muscle as it passes under the acromion of the scapula, and thesuprapatellar bursa that separates the tendon of the large anterior thigh muscle from the distal femur just above the knee.[1]
An adventitious bursa is a non-native bursa. When any surface of the body is subjected to repeated stress, an adventitious bursa develops under it. Examples arestudent's elbow andbunion.
Infection or irritation of a bursa leads tobursitis (inflammation of a bursa). The general term for disease of bursae is "bursopathy".
Bursa isMedieval Latin for "purse", so named for the bag-like function of an anatomical bursa.Bursae orbursas is its plural form.
This article incorporates text from afree content work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Text taken fromAnatomy and Physiology, J. Gordon Bettset al, Openstax.
| International | |
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| Other | |
