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Synagogues of Jerusalem

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Jewish congregational temples in Jerusalem
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Jerusalem
City of David 1000 BCE
Second Temple Period 538 BCE–70 CE
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Modern period
  • (Jordanian andIsraeli annexation of East Jerusalem)
  • 1948-

    This article deals in more detail with some of the notablesynagogues of Jerusalem, with particular focus to those that do not as of yet have their own page.

    Former synagogues

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    Beis Aharon, c.1930
    • Beit Meir and Ohel Yitzhak Synagogue. Located in theBatei Mahse complex and inaugurated in 1881, it served as a synagogue for the community of German immigrants in the Jewish Quarter. It was named after Rabbi Meir ben Yitzhak Frenkel Eiseman, Rabbi inWeitzenhausen.[1] In 1948, after the conquest of the Jewish Quarter by the Jordanian Legion, the Arabs completedly destroyed the synagogue. Today, there are no remnants of the synagogue, nor is there any known photograph of its interior. Unlike other synagogues in the Old City destroyed during the War of Independence and rebuilt after the liberation of Jerusalem, such as the Hurva or Ohel Yitzhak, there have been no plans to rebuild the Beit Meir
    • Chesed El Synagogue, a synagogue located on Chabad Street in theJewish Quarter of theOld City of Jerusalem. It was established by immigrants fromIraq in 1853 and served as a centre for Jews of Iraqi descent living in Jerusalem. It also served as a yeshiva forkabbalists and had a famous library of Kabbalistic works. The synagogue was active until the fall of the Jewish Quarter during the1948 Arab–Israeli War when it was taken over by an Arab family. After theSix-Day War the building became the centre ofBnei Akiva and didn't revert to use as a synagogue.[2]
    • Tiferet Yisrael Synagogue has been destroyed in 1948, but, as of 2025, is in the process of being rebuilt, much like the Hurva Synagogue.

    Active synagogues

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    Old City – Armenian Quarter

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    Orthodox Judaism

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    Old City – Jewish Quarter

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    Karaite Judaism

    The Karaite Synagogue in theOld City (Jerusalem)

    Orthodox Judaism

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    Hurva Synagogue
    Menachem Zion Synagogue
    Sukkat Shalom Synagogue
    Tzemach Tzedek Synagogue
    • Beit El Synagogues: there are two with this name in Jerusalem, along with theYeshivat HaMekubalim school ofKabbalah. One is located in the Jewish Quarter, but another one, continuing the same pre-1948 tradition and functioning under the same name (Beit El Synagogue and Yeshivat HaMekubalim), is located in theRuhama neighbourhood of West Jerusalem.
    • Four Sephardic Synagogues:
    • Hsidi Brsilv Synagogue [he], aBreslov synagogue founded in 1860
    • Hurva Synagogue (English: Ruined Synagogue) is the currently largest synagogue in the Jewish Quarter. It was originally intended for construction in the 18th century. A small building was constructed, but due to financial difficulties, the intended larger building was not completed. The building was destroyed by an earthquake, and a second attempt to build a large synagogue was blocked by Arab landowners in the early 19th century failed. In the 1830s, multiple small synagogues were built around the site. In the 1860s, the large synagogue was completed. It was destroyed by the Jordanians following the1947–1949 Palestine war. The synagogue was rebuilt in 2010 and is a distinguished feature of Jerusalem's Old City skyline.
    • Menachem Zion Synagogue [he], completed in 1837. Built by thePerushim, it was named after their leader Rabbi Menachem Mendel ofShklov and after the blessing of consolation recited onTisha B'Av: "Blessed be He who consoles (menachem)Zion and rebuildsJerusalem." RabbiDaniel Sperber leads the congregation.
    • Ramban Synagogue, the oldestRabbinic synagogue of the Jewish Quarter
    • Sukkat Shalom Synagogue, founded in 1836 by the Perushim ofKollel Hod (HollandDeutschland), in "The Chush" or "the Hush" (חצר החוש), compound of residential courtyards dating from the early 1800s.
    • Tzemach Tzedek Synagogue [he], aChabad synagogue founded in 1879
    • Tzuf Dvash Synagogue, a Sephardic synagogue which was founded in 1860
    • Western Wall, the holiest Jewish site alongside theTemple Mount, functions as a synagogue including the area beneathWilson's Arch.

    Old City – Muslim Quarter

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    Orthodox Judaism

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    New City

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    Or Zaruaa Synagogue, founded byRabbiAmram Aburbeh in Nahlat Ahim neighbourhood,Jerusalem, Israel, exterior photo of the building declared ashistoric preservation heritage site, on 3 Refaeli street.

    Orthodox Judaism

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    TheBelz Great Synagogue in Jerusalem

    TheTalpiot neighborhood in Jerusalem was established immediately afterWorld War I. Its planners' intention was to make it into the capital city of the nascent State of Israel. The first synagogue in the neighbourhood was in a hut, which was established to serve as a structure for the builders of the neighbourhood and after the completion of the construction was converted into a mixed Ashkenazi and Sephardic synagogue. Among the first worshipers of theminyan in the hut was the writerShmuel Yosef Agnon, who lived in the neighbourhood. He described the hut and how the prayer was conducted in it in the short story "The Symbol" (The Fire and the Trees), Tel Aviv Press 1961. Thecornerstone of the current building was laid inChanukah 1934, in the presence of RabbiAvraham Yitzhak HaCohen Kook. With the outbreak ofthe 1936–1939 riots, the construction of the synagogue was delayed and the structure remained neglected. After the outbreak ofWorld War II in 1939 the British confiscated the building and established in it a police station and a warehouse.

    After the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, during the period when Talpiot was atransit camp (ma'abara), the State used the building as a warehouse of equipment for the transit camp. In the 1950s the building was leased to theHebrew University and served as a warehouse of its medical school. In the late 1960s the building returned to the Jerusalem municipality, who renovated the building with the assistance of theJerusalem Foundation and with a contribution received from author S. Y. Agnon, a resident of the neighbourhood, out of the money he received for theNobel Prize. In the month of Elul 5772 (1972) the synagogue was again inaugurated in a procession where theTorah scrolls from the hut were brought in.[5]

    • Yad Tamar Synagogue, Rehavia
    • Yakar Synagogue,Old Katamon neighborhood, including the Yakar Center for Social Concern and the Center for Arts and Creativity—Anglo and Israeli congregation[6]
    • Yeshurun Synagogue, King George Street

    Conservative Judaism

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    Reconstructionist Judaism

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    • Mevakshay Derekh, Shai Agnon Street

    Reform Judaism

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    • Hebrew Union College, King David Street
    • Kehillat Har-El, the firstReform synagogue in Jerusalem,[7][8] on Shmuel haNagid Street
    • Kehillat Kol HaNeshama, Reform synagogue in theBaka neighbourhood[7][9]
    • Kehillat Mevakshei Derech, Reform synagogue in theSan Simon neighbourhood[7]

    References

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    1. ^מחסה, לבתי."מוויצנהאוזן"(PDF).ybz.org.il (in Hebrew). p. 7. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2021-06-28. Retrieved5 Jul 2023.
    2. ^abJerusalem Quartered: The 'Armenian' Quarter, by Rabbi Yakov Goldman
    3. ^Hecht Synagogue: A fortress of faith overlooks Jerusalem
    4. ^Ohel Moshe Synagogue in Jerusalem, Israel
    5. ^The synagogue's Hebrew-language website
    6. ^Raphael Ahren (26 February 2010)."Oppression is not apartheid".Haaretz. Retrieved3 February 2013.
    7. ^abcCongregations: Jerusalem region, Israel Movement for Reform and Progressive Judaism. Accessed 28 July 2019.
    8. ^"Progressive Judaism in Israel: History, Practice and Principles".Israel Movement for Reform and Progressive Judaism. RetrievedJanuary 25, 2013.
    9. ^The Heart of Israel's Reform Judaism
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