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TheSydney Trains fleet serves the metropolitan and intercity lines withinSydney,Australia. Most of the rolling stock are double-deckelectric multiple units, while some are single-deckdiesel multiple units and operate mainly as eight carriage sets, with some operating in four and two.

Sydney Trains fleet

Class	Image	Type	Top speed		Carriages	Entered service	Formation	Routes
			km/h	mph
K sets		Electric multiple unit	115	71	160	1981–1985	8 cars	T2 T3 T8
T sets					447	1988–1995		T1 T4 T5 T8 T9 Special and rare events only: T7
M sets			130	81	140	2002–2005	4 cars, 8 cars	T2 T3 T5 T6 T7 T8
H sets					220	2006–2012		CCN SCO Peak hours only: T1 T4
A sets					626	2011–2014	8 cars	T1 T2 T3 T5 T7 T8 T9
B sets					328	2018–2021		T1 T2 T3 T7 T8 T9
D sets			160	99	610	2024	4 cars, 6 cars, 8 cars[a] and 10 cars[b]	CCN BMT Planned: SCO
Endeavour railcars		Diesel multiple unit	145	90	30	1994–1996	2 cars	SHL HUN BMT (fromBathurst toLithgow) SCO (fromKiama toBomaderry)
Hunter railcars			145	90	14	2007–2008		HUN

The following lists all rolling stock to have operated underSydney Trains.

In 1972, the first Comeng-constructed stainless steel double deck power-cars entered service. These cars (C3805–3857) were loosely based on the recently introduced inter-urban cars, theV set. Their stainless-steel bodies were painted the standard "Tuscan red" to match the livery of the existing fleet. Cars C3844–3857 were delivered in the blue and white livery of thePublic Transport Commission in the 1970s, and repainted to deep Indian red after 1976, before being paint-stripped to run in their original stainless steel finish in the early 1980s. They were initially marshalled into sets (from S11 onwards) with Tulloch trailers T4841, 4842, and 4845 to 4895, which had their passenger doors modified from manual to power operation. Internally, they had reversible seating with a light-tan upholstery, and a grey and off-white internal livery. Beclawat sliding windows were fitted to the upper and lower decks, with drop windows in the doors. The sliding windows were replaced with Hopper windows in the 1990s and internally they were repainted light grey with blue upholstered seating. These motor cars had tapered ends, which were fitted with destination boards in the 1990s. With the introduction of the Millennium Trains in 2002, several early Comeng power-cars were converted to non-driving trailers, with their pantographs removed, and renumbered T4701–4723. The last of these cars with withdrawn in 2014.

In 1973, additional 54 Comeng power cars C3858 – 3911, and 56 Comeng trailer cars T4921 – 4962, were ordered to coincide with the opening of theEastern suburbs railway line. These trailer cars were the first to be of stainless steel construction, and they had an extra row of seats on the top deck (and are thus distinguished by an extra single window at the centre of the car on both decks). Ten driving trailers D4011 – 4020 were built with small driver's compartments for 2-car trains. However, they never saw service as driving cars due to Union bans. Subsequently, 25 driving trailer cars D4021 – 4045 (with large guard's compartments) were also built to be paired with a driving motor car to allow 2-car sets to be operated. Ten driving trailers were diesel hauled onSouth Coast suburban services, south ofThirroul, prior to electrification. Ten driving trailers, renumbered D4001 – 4010, were used for two car shuttles in the initial period after the electrification of theRichmond line. These driving trailer cars subsequently had their driving equipment removed and were converted into standard non-driving trailer cars.^[1] Extended orders saw the Comeng double-deck fleet expanded to include power-cars C3912–3986 & 3741–3765, trailers T4963–4987 and driving trailers D4046–4095 by 1982. By 1976, one quarter of suburban cars were double deck. All the 1973 cars are now integrated with earlier stock and operate as L, R &S Sets. With the introduction of theMillennium Trains in 2002, several early Comeng power-cars were converted to non-driving trailers, with their pantographs removed, and renumbered T4701–4723. These cars operated until 2019.

In the 1970s,A Goninan & Co inNewcastle entered the passenger car construction market building 80 power cars C3001 – 3080 and 70 trailer cars T4101 – 4170. Unlike theComeng cars, the power cars had a flat front end and Pullman Standard fluting, and the upper deck passenger windows were set significantly lower than the earlier Comeng cars reducing passenger sight lines (a source of complaint from passengers).^[1] When theEastern Suburbs Railway was opened in 1979, only stainless-steelComeng orGoninan double deck cars were meant to operate on this line, but the paintedTulloch double-deck trailers were also used. In 1981, a brand new four-carGoninan set conveyedQueen Elizabeth II fromBankstown (which was declared a City by the Queen) toMartin Place. For this occasion the train was specially fitted out with carpets and other refinements. The set was targeted "R1" for the occasion. These cars continued to operate into 2019 as L, R andS sets. They were the last non-air conditioned passenger trains in service underSydney Trains.

Two thirds of pre-1981 non-air conditioned S set rolling stock were withdrawn from service with the roll-out of 626 newA set carriages (78 sets) from 2011 to June 2014. The final sets were scheduled to be withdrawn from service by 2015 but some sets were retained for theSouth West Rail link since no newer rollingstock or additional A sets had been ordered. In December 2016, the NSW Government introduced 192 newB sets. These replaced all remaining non-airconditioned S set trains by the end of June 2019.^[2]

In 1986, a new generation of advanced suburban passenger train was being considered by theState Rail Authority. There was a delay in the construction of these trains, and 56 interim stainless steel air conditioned cars, C3581–3608 and T4247–4274, were built byGoninan, known as the 'Chopper Cars' for their chopper control. These cars trialled several features of the next generation cars, such as fixed seating, door chimes and passenger address systems. They were originally fitted with a push-button feature, to enable passengers to open the doors manually, but this feature was short-lived. They retained the flat ends of the previousGoninan cars, but with the addition of a fibreglass moulded end piece which was originally white with orange and red stripes (the 'candy' State Rail livery). These ends were later painted grey with a lower yellow section which they retain to this day, and internally the standard grey livery and blue seat upholstery was applied.^[3] These cars were initially branded as a continuation of the K Sets, but were incompatible due to the camshaft controls fitted to the existing fleet. Often, the sets would 'jerk' while accelerating when coupled together. These cars were later rebranded asC sets, to differentiate them from K Sets.

They continued to operate until the second batch of B sets started entering service from late 2020. The last train was withdrawn on 26 February 2021, after operating its last revenue run on 90-W from the city to Liverpool via Bankstown. A farewell tour took place on 6 March, organised by the Sydney Electric Train Society (SETS). The train operated up the Blue Mountains to Mount Victoria and made a trip to both Hornsby and Fairfield. Initially, no sets were to be preserved due to the small fleet, however, SETS will preserve one 4-car set as of July 2021. This set has been confirmed to be formed of cars C3584, T4266 (both from set C5), T4274 and C3608 (both from set C9). C3608 and T4274 are significant for being the final stainless steel power and trailer cars respectively built for the Sydney network.^[4]

V sets formed the backbone of the interurban network's services. They were manufactured byComeng and were introduced between 1970 and 1989. They used to run in four or eight car configurations containing toilets on the South Coast line until 2012, theCentral Coast & Newcastle Line until 2025 and theBlue Mountains Line to Lithgow until January 2026.^[5]

In 1981,Goninan built the first air-conditioned cars for theSydney suburban network. Until then,Sydney had lagged somewhat behind other cities that had commenced the introduction of air-conditioned stock. In order to fit the air-conditioning equipment into the motor cars, the pantographs were moved to the trailers, effectively meaning that a motor car must remain semi-permanently coupled to a trailer car. Four driving trailer cars D4096–4099 were also ordered, allowing 2-car sets to be operated with power cars C3501–3504. The first 8-car set (R1) was delivered with air-conditioning, followed by 90 forced ventilation cars C3505–3549 & T4171–4215, during the delivery process for this order, C3550 and T4216 were delivered, fully fitted with air-conditioning.

Following this, the next order, numbered from C3551 and T4217, were also fitted with forced-air ventilation, and were the first to be fitted with air-conditioning. The first 100 cars had their upper deck windows at the unpopular lower height of the earlierGoninan cars, the final 60 were modified and these final 60 were distinguished by their front end being painted into the 'candy' white, orange and red State Rail livery of the time. The final batch (C3551–3580 & T4217–4246) also featured bright yellow internal walls. The forced ventilation cars were later retrofitted with air-conditioning, and the Beclawat sliding windows replaced by fixed panes in the late 1990s. Also at this time, the standard light grey internal livery was adopted, and the seats were replaced with blue upholstery.^[3] 160 of these cars were delivered until 1985, and continue to operate in the present day asK sets.

In 1988, theT sets were introduced as "third generation" rolling stock, also known as theTangara trains – an aboriginal word meaning "to go". This train marked a radical departure from the previous double deck car design both in appearance and technically. TheT sets were the last publicly funded electric rolling stock built forCityRail – all future electric trains were built and operated under public–private partnership agreements. A total of 450T set cars were introduced between 1988 and 1994, allowing the withdrawal of the remainingStandard suburban carriages andTulloch suburban carriages by 1992.

Eighty G set cars featuring toilets, high-backed reversible seating and passenger door opening controls were built between 1994 and 1996. These generally operated on outer-suburban runs, typically toWollongong,Springwood andGosford, though they also sometimes operated in suburban service. These outer-suburban sets allowed the retirement of the last remaining single-deckU sets in 1996. One set, G7, was experimentally fitted with dual-voltage A/C traction. This set was extensively damaged in theWaterfall rail accident in January 2003 and scrapped after completion of the coronial inquiry into the accident.

In 2010, a refurbishment program began for allTangaras, which were by then nearly 20 years old and showing signs of wear and tear. This work involved reupholstered seats, new flooring and handrails, relocated end saloon partitions and a complete internal repaint. Inter-car doors and handrails are repainted yellow, and the interiors share common fittings with theMillennium andOSCAR cars. The former outer-suburban G sets have been retargeted asT sets from T101 onwards and the cars recoded from OD, ON and ONL to the suburban D & N codings, retaining the same 58xx and 68xx number series. The former ONL cars have had their toilet and water cooler removed and replaced with longitudinal seating, but without the luggage racks found elsewhere in these cars.

From 2002, 140 "fourth generation" carriages were introduced, known asMillennium trains or M sets. These trains allowed the withdrawal of theTulloch double deck trailer carriages. These were the first passenger trains in NSW to introduce automatic passenger information displays and announcements. The design of theM sets formed the basis for the design ofH sets andA sets. These trains are maintained byDowner Rail at theAuburn Maintenance Centre.

While theMillennium trains are suitable for division into four-car sets, they are normally kept coupled as eight-cars sets at all times.^{[citation needed]}

TheA sets (also known as the Waratah trains) are a double-decker, air-conditioned train based on theMillennium train, the order being for 78 sets of eight cars per train. The body shells were constructed in China and completed atNewcastle, New South Wales by a joint venture between theNSW Government,Downer Rail, and other companies under a public–private partnership, with delivery between 2011 and 2014 to replace the now withdrawn 6–8 car R &S Set trains. The first set went into regular service on 1 July 2011 on theMacarthur–East Hills–Airport line with the last set delivered by mid-2014.

The New South Wales Government announced on 1 December 2016 that 24 new suburban trains had been ordered. Known as the Sydney Growth Trains during development, the trains are officially classified as B sets and are a lightly updated version of the similar A sets.^[6][7] The $1.7 billion contract was awarded to Downer EDI. CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles manufactured the bodies of the trains before delivering them to Downer EDI, to undergo final assembly.^[8][9] More than 90 percent of the design is shared with the original A sets.^{[10][11][12][13]} The first B set was unveiled in Auburn in March 2018. After undergoing months of testing, Set B2 was the first to enter revenue service on 7 September 2018.^[14] The B sets replaced the remaining S sets by the end of June 2019.^[15][7] In February 2019, a further 17 B sets were ordered.^[16]

The network's interurban services are designed with extra facilities (such as armrests and on-board toilets) to cater for longer distance journeys connecting Sydney with regional centres. All interurban trains are air-conditioned.^{[citation needed]} Whilst previously operated byNSW TrainLink, in July 2024, interurban services were transferred to the responsibility ofSydney Trains.^[17]

H sets (nicknamed OSCARs, for Outer Suburban CARs) were introduced from 2006 and operate as 4 or 8 car sets on theSouth Coast Line, and were formerly in operation on theBlue Mountains Line andCentral Coast & Newcastle Line. The OSCARs were initially ordered to replace theG set Tangaras on outer suburban runs, however in addition to this they have also been used to replace some of the older interurban V sets which have been retired.^{[citation needed]} They contain toilets and feature suburban style 3×2 seating and perform some suburban only work in addition to their main outer suburban duties. They are currently being replaced with D sets (see below) and being converted for suburban duties on Sydney's T1 and T9 lines.

D sets (also called the Mariyung trains, previously the New Intercity Fleet) are currently being introduced since they started operating in 2024. They will be operating on theBlue Mountains Line,Central Coast & Newcastle Line andSouth Coast Line,^[18] intended to replace V and H sets currently running on these lines, with the H sets re-allocated to suburban services and all V sets withdrawn.^[19]

Produced in South Korea by RailConnect, a joint venture ofHyundai Rotem,Mitsubishi Electric andUGL Rail,^[20] the first train was delivered in 2019, but the trains are expected to enter service in 2024 due to a safety-related dispute betweenthe rail union and the government. The D sets feature non-reversible 2x2 seating (unlike other sets), phone charging, accessible toilets and dedicated spaces for luggage, prams, bicycles and wheelchairs.

The network's diesel multiple units are run on theSouthern Highlands Line, the far reaches of theSouth Coast Line (betweenKiama andBomaderry), services on theBlue Mountains Line that extend toBathurst, and the regionalHunter Line.

Endeavour railcars were introduced in 1994. The 28 carriages were manufactured byAdtranz.^[21] They serve all lines on which diesel trains operate. TheNew South Wales Xplorer is a long distance configuration of the same basic design.

Hunter railcars were the newest members of the NSW TrainLink's diesel fleet, serving theHunter line only. Introduced between 22 November 2006^[22] and 10 September 2007,^[23] they replaced the old620/720 railcars. Features of the series of the 7 2-car trains include air-conditioning, security cameras, on-board passenger information displays and digital voice announcements.^[22]

Sydney Trains' electric trains are based at maintenance depots. The colour of target plate at the front of each train shows the depot the train was originally based at. Over the years, many trains have been transferred between depots without changing their target plate colour, so the colours no longer have much meaning.

The following trains are maintained atMortdale Maintenance Depot:

• T sets on Sector 1 (T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra services andSouth Coast Line local services)^[c]
• H sets on South Coast Line services^[d]

The out stabling and depot points for Sector 1 includeCronulla,Waterfall andBondi Junction.

The following trains are maintained atFlemington Maintenance Depot:

• K sets on Sector 2 (T2 Leppington & Inner West,T3 Liverpool & Inner West andT8 Airport & South services)^[e]

The out stabling and depot points for Sector 2 includeMacdonaldtown,Campbelltown,Liverpool andLeppington.

The following trains are maintained atHornsby Maintenance Depot:

• T sets on Sector 3 (T9 Northern andT1 North Shore & Western services) andT7 Olympic Park special event services^[f]
• H sets on Central Coast & Newcastle Line services^[d]

The out stabling and depot points for Sector 3 includePenrith,Blacktown,Richmond,North Sydney andHornsby.

No trains are currently being maintained at Eveleigh, however theNSW TrainLink D sets are temporarily based here while they undergo acceptance testing.

Kangy Angy Maintenance Centre was built to maintain theNSW TrainLink D sets, after opening in 2021 on the Central Coast & Newcastle Line.

Sydney Trains carry out maintenance to the various types of sets they maintain at the depot to which the train concerned is allocated but major work may be done atAuburn Maintenance Centre.

The following trains are maintained atAuburn Maintenance Centre byDowner Rail:

• A sets on Sectors 2 and 3 (all Sydney Trains suburban services exceptT4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra services)
• B sets on Sectors 2 and 3 (all Sydney Trains suburban services exceptT4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra services)
• M sets on Sector 2 (T2 Leppington & Inner West,T3 Liverpool & Inner West,T5 Cumberland,T7 Olympic Park andT8 Airport & South services)^[d]

• Rail rolling stock in New South Wales
• NSW TrainLink rolling stock
• Auburn Maintenance Centre
• Hornsby Maintenance Depot
• Flemington Maintenance Depot
• Mortdale Maintenance Depot

• Sydney Trains's Fleet on Transport for NSW website

• Sydney Trains

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