Subaru Corporation (株式会社SUBARU,Kabushiki-gaisha Subaru), formerlyFuji Heavy Industries, Ltd. (富士重工業株式会社,Fuji Jūkōgyō Kabushiki gaisha), is a Japanesemultinational corporation and conglomerate primarily involved in both terrestrial andaerospace transportation manufacturing. It is best known for its line ofSubaru automobiles. Founded in 1953, the company was named Fuji Heavy Industries until 2017. The company's aerospace division is adefense contractor to the Japanese government, manufacturingBoeing andLockheed Martin helicopters and airplanes under license. This same division is a global development and manufacturing partner to both companies.
Fuji Heavy Industries traces its roots to theNakajima Aircraft Company, a leading supplier of airplanes to theJapanese government during World War II. At the end of World War II, Nakajima was broken up by theAllied Occupation government underkeiretsu legislation, and by 1950 part of the separated operation was already known as Fuji Heavy Industries.[citation needed]
FHI was incorporated on July 15, 1953, when five Japanese companies, known as Fuji Kogyo, Fuji Jidosha Kogyo, Omiya Fuji Kogyo, Utsunomiya Sharyo, and Tokyo Fuji Sangyo, joined to form one of Japan's largest manufacturers of transportation equipment.[citation needed]
By late 1980s, the company was a major supplier of military, aerospace and railroad equipment in Japan, but 80% of its sales came from automobiles. Sales in 1989 fell 15% to US$4.3 billion.[4] In 1990, the company faced a loss of over US$500 million.Industrial Bank of Japan Ltd., the main bank of the company, askedNissan, which owned 4.2% of the company, to step in. Nissan sent Isamu Kawai, the president of Nissan Diesel Motor Co., to take charge of FHI.[5] In 1991, FHI started contract-manufacturingNissan Pulsar (Nissan Sunny in Europe) sedans and hatchbacks.[6]
In 2003, the company adopted the logo of itsSubaru automobile division as its worldwide corporate symbol.[7]
On October 5, 2005Toyota purchased 8.7% of FHI shares fromGeneral Motors, which had owned 20.1% since 1999.[8] GM later divested its remaining 11.4% stake on the open market to sever all ties with FHI. FHI previously stated there might have been 27 million shares (3.4%) acquired before the start of trading by an unknown party on October 6, 2005, and speculation suggested a bank or perhaps another automaker was involved. After the purchase, Toyota announced a contract with Subaru on March 13, 2006, to use the underutilizedSubaru manufacturing facility inLafayette, Indiana, as well as plans to hire up to 1,000 workers and set aside an assembly line for theCamry, beginning in the second quarter of 2007.[citation needed]
In May 2016, Fuji Heavy Industries announced that it would change its name toSubaru Corporation, with the change effective on April 1, 2017.[10][11][12]
Discontinued in 2017, theSubaru Industrial Power Products division manufactured and sold commercial engines, pumps and generators which were formerly under theSubaru-Robin andRobin brands. Subaru's industrial products division, began manufacturing "Star" engines forPolaris Industries snowmobiles in 1968 but engine manufacturing operations ended in 1998 when Polaris Industries started to build their own Liberty two-stroke engines. Subaru remains an invested partner with, and supplier of pistons to, Polaris. Subaru has provided more than 2 million engines used in Polaris snowmobiles, ATVs, watercraft and utility vehicles.[19]
Subaru-Bell UH-X - Ongoing project to meet theJGSDF's requirement for a UH-1J replacement.Bell Helicopter is Fuji's foreign partner in the competition.[21] A variant of the UH-X may also ultimately fill theJMSDF's recently (October 2014) revealed requirement for a New Patrol Helicopter (to enter service in 2022).
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¥3,344.11billion[note 1][2] (FY2020)
