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Sub-bass sounds are the deep, low-register pitches below approximately 70 Hz[1] (C♯2 inscientific pitch notation) and extending downward to include the lowest frequency humans can hear, approximately 20 Hz (E0).
In this range, human hearing is less sensitive, so these notes tend to be felt more than heard.[2] The low E-string on abass guitar is usually tuned to 41.2 Hz, while the lowest note on a standardpiano is A at 27.5 Hz.Sound reinforcement systems andPA systems often use one or moresubwoofer loudspeakers to amplify sounds in the sub-bass range. Sounds below sub-bass areinfrasound.
20 Hz is considered the normal low-frequency limit of human hearing[citation needed]. When pure sine waves are reproduced under ideal conditions and at very highdecibels, a human listener will be able to identify tones as low as 12 Hz (G–1).[3] Audio tracks known as bass tests use sub-bass frequencies which are used to test or to demonstrate the capabilities of audio equipment. High-end subwoofers can accurately reproduce sound to about 18 Hz ±2 dB.[4][clarification needed]
Sub-bass is popular indance music, where the low frequencies are produced by thekick drum (bass drum), thebass guitar and electronicsynthesizers anddrum machines. Particular genres such ashouse music,drum and bass anddubstep often feature abassline that consists mainly of sub-bass frequencies. Muchexperimental music uses sub-bass, in particulardrone music, where the majority of the sound can often be in the sub-bass range. Often,hip hop and rap songs feature prevalent sub-bass. Thepedal keyboard range onpipe organs also often extends into the sub-bass range; the bottom note of a 16′ stop is typically tuned to 32 Hz (C1), a 32′ stop at 16 Hz (C0).
Many sound engineers start talking about "sub-bass" around 70 Hz, [...]; at the bottom of the sub-bass register, around 30 Hz
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