TheRegion of Stralsund (German:Regierungsbezirk Stralsund, i.e. "government region of Stralsund") belonged to thePrussian Province of Pomerania and existed from 1818 to 1932.
TheRegierungsbezirk of Stralsund was formed in 1818 as one of three Pomeranian government districts. It coveredSwedish Pomerania (New Hither Pomerania [aka New Western Pomerania] andRügen) which had fallen to Prussia in 1815. The special legal position of this territory was the reason for the creation of what was then the smallest government region in the whole ofPrussia. Unlike the rest of theProvince of Pomerania, neitherGeneral Prussian State Law nor the laws and ordinances of the so-calledStein-Hardenberg reforms (such as the Local Government Act of 1808), as they were called at the time, applied here. An alignment of the legal position was only gradually achieved in the second half of the 19th century, and was largely completed on the introduction of theCivil Code (BGB) in January 1900. But in some areas, special legal forms continued to exist, a situation that was unlike anywhere else in Prussia andGermany and which even went back to the time of Swedish rule, for example, the so-calledTertialrecht [de]. As a result, theWismar Tribunal of Appeal [de], which moved fromWismar viaStralsund toGreifswald in 1802/03, still operated under this name when seated in Greifswald and continued as the final arbiter of proper jurisdiction for the region until 1848.
The first regional government was inaugurated on 5 January 1818 by theupper president of the Province of Pomerania,Johann August Sack [de], in his office. This followed several years of discussion about the status of the region. That produced three options:
An appeal by thedistricts and towns to the king against the formation of the government region was dismissed. However, the Prussian system of taxation was only introduced in New Hither Pomerania following a royal cabinet order of 19 November 1821.[1]
Because of its small size theRegion of Stralsund was one of those Prussian government regions which was up for re-negotiation from the outset. Only a few years after its formation there were further discussions about its future. In the end it was its aforementioned special legal status that prevented its dissolution time and again. Not until 1 October 1932 was it merged in the Stettin Region.
The Stralsund government region is divided into four counties, three of which take their name from the towns in which the district councils are located. The fourth, however, takes its name after the island of Rügen, of which it is composed alone. New Hither Pomerania has three districts:Franzburg [de],Greifswald [de],Grimmen [de]. Rügen forms the district of Rügen.
In ecclesiastical terms the government region is divided into elevensuperintendencies, of which three cover the Franzburg district, two the Grimmen district, three the Greifswald district and three the island of Rügen.
All parishes are Protestant.[2] Only in Stralsund is there a Catholic church, to which all Catholics in the government region belong.[3]
In 1900 theRegion of Stralsund comprised one urban (Stadtkreis) and four rural districts (Kreise). It covered an area of 4,010.88 km2, on which there were 873 towns and villages and in which 216,340 inhabitants lived.
In 1925 the population of theRegion of Stralsund was 246,941.
In 1925 the seat of the council for the Franzburg district was moved to Barth. From 1 February 1928 the district was officially renamed "Franzburg-Barth". In 1939 all rural districts in Germany were uniformly termed as Landkreis (i.e. rural district), whereas before in Prussia the term Kreis prevailed. However, this played no role for the Stralsund Region which was already absorbed in 1932.
In 1946, Stralsund became the seat of the virtually unchanged district of Franzburg-Barth which was renamed on this occasion as rural district of Stralsund. In 1952 on the occasion ofredistricting East Germany into new administrative units the eastern part of the Franzburg-Barth became thenew and smaller District of Stralsund [de] within the likewise newRegion (Bezirk) of Rostock of theGDR. The western part went to the newly formeddistrict of Ribnitz-Damgarten [de]. The old district of Grimmen lost its southern part aroundLoitz in 1952, which went to thedistrict of Demmin [de] in the newRegion of Neubrandenburg, as did the southern part of the old district of Greifswald which went to the newdistrict of Anklam [de] and thus also to the Neubrandenburg Region. In 1952 the eastern part of the old district of Greifswald aroundWolgast formed the newdistrict of Wolgast [de] along with that part of the island ofUsedom that remained within East Germany post-1945. The district of Rügen was divided in 1952 into thedistrict of Bergen on Rügen [de] andPutbus [de], but they were merged again already in 1955. While Stralsund city maintained its independence as urban district through these changes, Greifswald was meanwhile integrated into the district of Greifswald until the 1970s.
In 1994, the districts of Grimmen, Ribnitz-Damgarten and Stralsund, now in the state ofMecklenburg-Vorpommern (aka Mecklenburg-Hither Pomerania), were merged into the new district ofNorthern Hither Pomerania, whilst the districts of Anklam, Greifswald and Wolgast joinedEastern Hither Pomerania. Rügen remained unchanged, Greifswald and Stralsund also retained their independence.
As part of the planned local government reform, from 2011 the districts of Rügen and Northern Hither Pomerania, and the town of Stralsund formed a reshaped district of Northern Hither Pomerania, and thedistricts of Uecker-Randow, together with the town of Greifswald and parts of the district of Demmin, becameHither Pomerania-Greifswald.