 Bloomer in England kit | |||
| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Stephen Bloomer | ||
| Date of birth | (1874-01-20)20 January 1874[1][2] | ||
| Place of birth | Cradley,Worcestershire, England[1][2] | ||
| Date of death | 16 April 1938(1938-04-16) (aged 64)[3] | ||
| Place of death | Derby, England[3] | ||
| Height | 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m)[4] | ||
| Position | Forward | ||
| Youth career | |||
| 1886–1888 | St. Chad's Juniors | ||
| 1888–1891 | Derby Swifts | ||
| Senior career* | |||
| Years | Team | Apps | (Gls) |
| 1891 | Derby Midland | ||
| 1891–1906 | Derby County | 376 | (240) |
| 1906–1910 | Middlesbrough | 125 | (59) |
| 1910–1914 | Derby County | 98 | (53) |
| Total | 599 | (352) | |
| International career | |||
| 1895–1907 | England | 23 | (28) |
| Managerial career | |||
| 1914 | Britannia Berlin 92 | ||
| 1918 | Blauw-Wit Amsterdam | ||
| 1920–1922 | Derby County | ||
| 1922 | Grenadier Guards | ||
| 1922–1923 | Derby County | ||
| 1923–1925 | Real Unión | ||
| * Club domestic league appearances and goals | |||
StephenBloomer (20 January 1874 – 16 April 1938) was anEngland international footballer and manager who played forDerby County – becoming theirrecord goalscorer – andMiddlesbrough. The anthem "Steve Bloomer's Watchin'" is played at every Derby home game and there is a bust of him at thePride Park Stadium. He is also listed in theFootball League 100 Legends andEnglish Football Hall of Fame.
During his career, Bloomer was a prolific goalscorer for both club and country. A quick-thinkingforward, he was able to shoot powerfully and accurately with either foot and his speciality was thedaisy cutter – a low shot, hit with great power, speed and accuracy. In 535First Division games he scored 314 goals and, afterJimmy Greaves, he is the second-highestall-time goalscorer in the top-flight of English football. He also scored 28 goals in 23 appearances for England. He helped Derby to win theSecond Division title in 1911–12, and to finish second in the First Division in 1895–96; he also played on the losing side in four FA Cup semi-finals and three FA Cup finals (1898,1899 and1903).
Bloomer also playedbaseball forDerby Baseball Club and helped them becomeBritish champions three times in the 1890s. After retiring as a footballer he became a coach and worked with clubs in Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. DuringWorld War I he was interned atRuhleben, a civilian detention camp. The highlight of his coaching career came in1924 when he guidedReal Unión to victory in theCopa del Rey.
Bloomer was born inCradley,Worcestershire (now theWest Midlands) to Caleb Bloomer (ablacksmith /iron foundry worker) and Merab Dunn, on 20 January 1874. He was the eldest of six children.[5] The family moved toLitchurch,Derbyshire five years later.[6] Caleb began working for Ley's Malleable Castings foundry in Derby which was founded byFrancis Ley. At the age of 12 Bloomer left school, and started working as an apprentice for a local blacksmith.[7] This helped him to build strength.[8]
Bloomer had an aptitude for football that he later described as "a natural gift".[9] He first made an impression on theDerby football scene playing for St. Chad's Choir on 11 April 1887. Bloomer was on the losing side of the 1887 Derbyshire Boys' Shield under-15 final on this date, and impressed despite his team losing 14–0 to a dominant St Luke's Choir.[10][11] His mother died on 27 November 1887 at 87, Yates Street in Derby.[12]
In 1888, soon after his 14th birthday Stephen began working as a 'striker' at Ley's iron foundry, where his father Caleb, and uncle Farley worked.[13] In 1888 he also began playing football for Derby Swifts in the Derbyshire Minor League.[14] On 20 December 1890, at Belper he scored seven goals against Belper Town in a 22–2 win.[15] In 1891 he appeared in theMidland League forDerby Midland, playing in a 1–1 draw withBurton Swifts on 27 March.[16]
Derby County merged withDerby Midland in June 1891, and Bloomer was a Derby County player for the start of the1891–92 – the fourth season ofthe Football League.[17] He chose to retain his amateur status because he wanted to help out his team Derby Swifts in their shield competition. Bloomer turned out for the third-team twice, and the second team once in this season.[18] He signed a professional contract for Derby County on Thursday 28 April 1892.[19][20] Mr. Clarke, the Secretary ofBurton Wanderers also tried to sign Bloomer for his club. Two days after he signed for Derby, he tried to persuade Bloomer to sign for his club, but he refused.[21] He was approached by Mr. Clarke again on Monday 2 May 1892, and this time signed a professional contract withBurton Wanderers[19] butthe Football Association soon ruled the contract to be invalid and reprimanded the Burton official.[22] A hearing of the case was held at Crewe, on 25 January 1893.[note 1]
An administrative error by Derby secretary William Parker meant thatErnest Hickinbottom,Jimmy McLachlan andSamuel Mills were ineligible for the opening game of the1892–93 season againstStoke at theVictoria Ground, and Bloomer was a surprise late addition to the first eleven. Hickinbottom, McLachlan and Mills had been registered a day too late and so they could not play unless by special permission, which could not be granted in time.[23][24] Bloomer later claimed many times that he scored twice during the game[25] but contemporary reports instead credited him with scoring just one goal, which was the second of Derby's goals in the 3–1 win. The local papers creditedJohnny McMillan with scoring the first goal for Derby County in this game, and FrederickGeorge Ekins getting the third goal for the team.[26][27] Steve Bloomer's performance in this game was reviewed very positively in the local papers.[note 2] He remained a key member of the first team, and was also given penalty taking duties, and finished the campaign with 11 goals from 28 matches.[29] Veteran striker and captainJohn Goodall helped to improve his game, helping to improve his ball control and positional skills.[30]
He missed seven games of the1893–94 season afterLeicester Fosse half-backPeggy Lord broke his collarbone on 10 February.[31] Bloomer recovered and claimed 19 goals from 27 appearances during the campaign.
Derby struggled during the1894–95 campaign, and Bloomer was limited to 10 goals in 29 league games as County finished in 15th place and forced to play a test match againstNotts County atFilbert Street to retain theirFirst Division status.[32] Notts County were leading 1–0 with seven minutes to go, but goals from Goodall and Bloomer gave Derby the win.[32]
Bloomer opened the1895–96 season by scoring both goals in a 2–0 win overSunderland in the club's new permanent home at theBaseball Ground (the club had actually already played two first team games at the ground in 1892 due to scheduling conflicts at the County Ground).[33] Derby finished the season in second-place behindAston Villa and exited theFA Cup at the semi-finals after losing 2–1 toWolverhampton Wanderers.[34]
While at Derby, he was top scorer in the First Division on five occasions in 1896, 1897, 1899, 1901 and 1904. In 1896, together withJohn Campbell of Aston Villa. He was also the leading "Rams" scorer for 14 consecutive seasons and scored 17 hat-tricks in the league. One of his best seasons came in 1896–97 when he scored 31 goals, including five hat-tricks, in 33 League andFA Cup games. Between 14 November 1896 and 5 April 1897 he scored 21 goals in 20 games. He also scored six goals for the club in a game againstSheffield Wednesday in January 1899.[35]
Bloomer's goals helped Derby finish runners-up in theFirst Division in1896 and helped them reach threeFA Cup finals in1898,1899 and1903. He scored in the 1898 final, a 3–1 defeat toNottingham Forest. On 3 September 1900 Bloomer scored the first-ever goal atThe Hawthorns, the 1–1 draw againstWest Bromwich Albion being the first match played at the ground.[36]
On 15 March 1906 Bloomer joinedMiddlesbrough for a fee of £750.[37] Among teammates at his new club wereAlf Common, the first £1,000 footballer, andFred Pentland. He was top-scorer at Middlesbrough in both the 1906–07 and 1907–08 seasons. He also scored four goals in a game againstWoolwich Arsenal on 5 January 1907.
After four years atMiddlesbrough, he returned to the Rams in 1910 and helped them win theSecond Division title in1912. He scored his last league goal for Derby againstSheffield United on 6 September 1913 and his last match for the Derby County first team, was againstBurnley on 31 January 1914 when he was 40 years and 11 days.
Bloomer made hisEngland debut on 9 March 1895, scoring twice in a 9–0 win againstIreland, which helped England win theBritish Home Championship.[38][32] TheSporting Life viewed Bloomer as being the best forward on the field for England in this game withBilly Bassett coming a close second.[note 3] He scored in all of his first 10 international appearances, which remains arecord for number of consecutive scoring appearances. He netted 19 times during these games, including 5 goals againstWales on 16 March 1896,[40] winning three British Home Championships. He became England's all-time top goalscorer on 2 April 1898, when he surpassedTinsley Lindley's total of 14 with two goals againstScotland. On 18 March 1901, he scored four goals against Wales, becoming the first player to score two hat-tricks for England and also the first to score four goals for England twice, as England once again won the British Home Championship. At the end of 1901, his goal tally stood at 25 in just 14 games. Bloomer played for England 11 times over the next 6 years, all in the British Home Championship, winning four more, bringing England's total to eight during his career, however he only scored 3 more goals during this period. He captained England once; against Scotland on 3 May 1902. He finished his international career in 1907 as England's longest serving player and England's all-time top goalscorer with 28 goals. He held the record until his tally was overhauled byVivian Woodward in 1911.[41]
During his international career, Bloomer's teammates included his County teammateJohn Goodall as well asFrank Becton,Billy Bassett,Jack Reynolds,Ernest Needham,Fred Spiksley,Sam Wolstenholme and Woodward.
After retiring as a player, Bloomer went to Germany in July 1914 to coachBritannia Berlin 92.[42] However, within three weeks of arriving, theFirst World War broke out. When Germany declared war on Russia, his contract was cancelled at once, and Herr Fauber, President of Britannia Berlin 92, advised Bloomer to get out of Germany as soon as possible, but he could not get out of the country. Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August 1914.[43]
On 5 August 1914, Steve Bloomer, anxious to leave Germany, went to the British Consul office in Berlin. He was stopped by two gendarmes who questioned him, and his translator. Along with about a dozen others, he was marched through the streets of Berlin for about a quarter of a mile to the Alexander Platz, accompanied by a guard with revolvers and swords. At the Alexander Platz, he was questioned by magistrates with others, and arrested. Bloomer was given a slip of paper with his name and description, and told to report to the police at periodic intervals. On 6 November 1914, he was interned atRuhleben, a civilian detention camp in theSpandau district of Berlin.[43] According to theDerby Daily Telegraph, which relayed details in a letter written from Bloomer to his wife, he was arrested as a prisoner of war on 5 November 1914,[44] although another source gives the date of his arrest as 6 November 1914.[1] Bloomer was one of several former professional footballers among the detainees. Others included his formerEngland colleagueSam Wolstenholme; his formerMiddlesbrough teammateFred Pentland; aScotland international,John Cameron;John Brearley, once ofEverton andTottenham Hotspur; and aGerman international,Edwin Dutton, who had previously played for Britannia Berlin 92.[45]
The camp contained between 4,000 and 5,500 prisoners. Gradually, a mini-society evolved and football became a popular activity. The Ruhleben Football Association was formed and cup and league competitions were organised with as many as 1,000 attending the bigger games. The teams adopted the names of established teams and in November 1914, Bloomer captained aTottenham Hotspur XI, that also included Dutton, to victory in a cup final against anOldham Athletic XI. On 2 May 1915, anEngland XI featuring Pentland, Wolstenholme, Brearley and Bloomer played aWorld XI captained by Cameron. Bloomer also playedcricket at the camp and in May 1915 aRubleben XI, featuring Bloomer and Brearley, played aVarsities XI in the Rubleban Cricket League. In July 1916, aLancashire XI, featuring Bloomer, beat aYorkshire XI that included Wolstenholme.[1]
In the summer, the prisoners turned to cricket on 'The Oval', played to packed houses. Bloomer established the camp batting record with an innings of 204 and recorded bowling figures of 6 for 15. There was athletics too. Bloomer won the 'Old Age Handicap' at the Ruhleben Olympics, sprinting the 75 yards in 9.6 seconds. Everybody in the camp knew 'Steve'. When he finally left Ruhleben in March 1918, a farewell football match was staged in his honour. Bloomer was released to neutral Holland, where he was employed as a coach ofBlauw-Wit Amsterdam. He was not allowed to return home until the end of the war. Bloomer later said of his time in Ruhleben: "Myself and many others would not have survived without football."
Immediately afterWorld War I, Bloomer briefly coached Blauw-Wit Amsterdam in The Netherlands. He returned to England on 22 November 1918,[46] and became player-coach of the Derby County reserve team, retiring from playing in January 1920. He was coach of the Derby first team in 1921. Between May and August 1922, he was inMontréal, Canada coaching theGrenadier Guards football team during their close season.[47] He arrived back in England on 11 August 1922, and resumed his coaching duties with Derby County.[48][49]
In 1923, he became coach ofReal Unión in Spain[50] and subsequently guided them to victory in the1924 Copa del Rey.[51] During the 1920s, the Copa was effectively a play-off to decide theSpanish champions. Teams qualified by winning their regional titles and Real Unión representedGuipuzcoa. Nine other regional champions also qualified and in the first round of the competition Real beatSevilla, the champions ofAndalusia, 3–1 on aggregate. In the semi-final, they faced theCatalan champions,Barcelona, coached by another Englishman,Jack Greenwell. Greenwell's squad included the likes ofPaulino Alcántara,Sagibarba andJosep Samitier. Despite this, Real beat Barcelona 5–1 after a replay and went on to beatReal Madrid, the champions of central Spain, 1–0 in the final.
After finishing coaching Real Union, Bloomer returned to England and to Derby where he worked the rest of his life as a groundsman and general assistant at the Baseball Ground. He died in Derby ofbronchitis on 16 April 1938 aged 64.[52]
On 13 May 1893, he played at first base for St. James's in a 17 - 34 defeat against Vulcan, at Derby. This was the first match of the 1893-1894 Derbyshire Baseball Association. The Vulcan team contained many members of the old Derby Baseball Club which had disbanded in 1890, but had reformed again later in that same year.[53] On 10 June 1893, Steve Bloomer played for a Rest Of League team against Derby in a 22 - 26 defeat.[54]
Bloomer then played baseball forDerby Baseball Club, making his debut for the team at the age of 20 on 5 May 1894, at the Baseball Ground in Derby. The Derby County goalkeeper,Jack Robinson also made his debut on the same day.[note 4] Derby got to the semi-final of the English cup in 1894, and lost to the Thespians.[56][57] The team won the English Baseball Cup on 17 August 1895 at Derby's Baseball Ground beating Fullers in the final, with Steve Bloomer playing at first base.[58] They won 16 matches and lost just five in that season.[59] The English Cup was won again by Derby in 1897, when they beat Middlesbrough in the final.[60] The trophy was won for a third time by Derby, beating Nott'm Forest 14 - 3 in the final on 19 August 1899. Bloomer captained the team in the final and played at second base.[61]
Derby County formed a baseball team in 1900 which Steve Bloomer played for in that season. Their first game was played on 19 May 1900. It contained, with Bloomer and among others, players who were or had been, members of Derby County football team up to that date:Enos Bromage,Hugh McQueen,Jonathan Staley,John Goodall, andJimmy Methven. They played in a local league against Derby, Ilkeston, Belper, Chesterfield and Nottingham Forest.[62] However, both Derby baseball teams do not appear to have existed after 1900.
A plaque commemorating Bloomer's by-then demolished birthplace in Bridge Street, Cradley, was unveiled in 2000 by formerWolverhampton Wanderers and Derby playerJimmy Dunn and Bloomer's grandson Steve Richards.[52]
On 17 January 2009, after a long and sustained period of campaigning, a bust of Bloomer was finally unveiled inside Pride Park, Derby. Bloomer's two grandsons, Steve Richards and Alan Quantrill, unveiled the bust in the presence of Bloomer's family and relations, the sculptorAndy Edwards and thousands of Derby County fans. On 17 January 2009, a bust of Bloomer was unveiled next to the home dugout atPride Park Stadium.[63] He remains a legend at Derby County and the club anthem, "Steve Bloomer's Watchin'", is played and sang before every home game. He is also listed in theFootball League 100 Legends andEnglish Football Hall of Fame.
Real Unión held a Steve Bloomer Day on 21 January 2017, to pay tribute to Bloomer.[51] In recognition of his contribution to both clubs, Real Unión and Derby County met to contest the Steve Bloomer Trophy in a friendly match inIrun on 3 October 2017, in what is intended to become an annual fixture.[64]
On 16 February 2018, aBlue plaque honouring Bloomer was unveiled on Bloomer's former school, in Portland Street, Derby, by theDerby Civic Society, in the presence of the Mayor of Derby, councillor John Whitby.[65][66] It reads:
Steve Bloomer
1874-1938
Footballer
Played for Derby County FC (1892-1914) and capped 23 times for his CountryBrought up in Portland Street, he received his earliest education in this building
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