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Stentoften Runestone
Writing	Elder Futhark
Created	500-700AD
Discovered	1823 Stentoften,Blekinge,Sweden
Discovered by	O. Hammer
Rundata ID	DR 357
Runemaster	Unknown
Text – Native
Proto-Norse : <niuha>borumz <niuha>gestumz Haþuwulfz gaf j[ar], Hariwulfz ... ... haidiz runono, felh eka hedra niu habrumz, niu hangistumz Haþuwulfz gaf j[ar], Hariwulfz ... ... haidiz runono, felh eka hedra ginnurunoz. Hermalausaz argiu, Weladauþs, sa þat briutiþ.
Translation
(To the) <niuha>dwellers (and) <niuha>guests Haþuwulfar gave ful year, Hariwulfar ... ... I, master of the runes(?) conceal here nine bucks, nine stallions, Haþuwulfar gave fruitful year, Hariwulfar ... ... I, master of the runes(?) conceal here runes of power. Incessantly (plagued by) maleficence, (doomed to) insidious death (is) he who this breaks.

TheStentoften Runestone, listed in theRundata catalog asDR 357, is arunestone which contains a curse inProto-Norse that was discovered in Stentoften,Blekinge, Sweden.

English translation provided byRundata:

In lines AP and AQ, in the phrase "gaf j" ("gave j"), thej-rune is anideographic rune that stands for the rune name *jēra, meaning "harvest" or "bountiful or fruitful year."^[2] One runologist suggests that line AQ is describing ananimal sacrifice in return for a good harvest as part of a fertility ritual.^[3]

The Stentoften runestone was discovered in 1823 by the dean O. Hammer. It was lying down with the inscription facing downwards, surrounded by five sharp larger stones forming apentagon or apentagram. Consequently, the stone has been part of a larger monument like theBjörketorp Runestone further east. In 1864, the runestone was moved into the church ofSölvesborg.

Most scholars date the inscription to the 7th century and it is carved with a type of runes that form an intermediate version between theElder Futhark and theYounger Futhark. A characteristic example of this is thea-rune which has the same form as theh-rune of the younger futhark. This is the rune that is transliterated with A. Thek-rune, which looks like a Y is a transition form between and in the two futharks. There are quite few intermediary inscriptions like this one. Three more are known fromBlekinge, i.e. theBjörketorp Runestone, theIstaby Runestone and theGummarp Runestone, which were moved toCopenhagen and lost in theCopenhagen Fire of 1728.

The Stentoften,Istaby Runestone andGummarp Runestone inscriptions can be identified with the same clan through the names that are mentioned on them,^[4] and the names are typical for chieftains. TheBjörketorp Runestone lacks names and is raised some tens of kilometers from the others. However, it is beyond doubt that the Björketorp runestone is connected to them, because in addition to the special runic forms, the same message is given on the Stentoften Runestone. These runestones are probably not carved by the same person, and so it appears that they reflect a specific runic tradition in theBlekinge area during the 7th century. Runologist Michael Schulte suggests that the archaic text of the Stentoften stone is more effective from a dramatic perspective than the younger and more explicit version on the Björketorp stone.^[5]

The name Hariwulfa is a combination ofhari meaning "warrior" andwulafa "wolf," while thehaþu of Haþuwulfz means "battle."^[6] It has been suggested that the assignment of such lycophoric names may have been related to ritualistic practices and religious wolf-symbolism used in the initiation of young warriors.^[7] A shortened form of the name Hariwulfa survived into theViking Age and is attested in the inscription on theHærulf Runestone.^[8]

• Runic magic

• Gräslund, Anne-Sofie (2006). "Wolves, Serpents and Birds: Their Symbolic Meaning in Old Norse Belief". In Andrén, Anders; Jennbert, Kristina; et al. (eds.).Old Norse Religion in Long-Term Perspectives: Origins, Changes, and Interactions. Lund: Nordic Academic Press. pp. 124–129.ISBN 91-89116-81-X.
• Jacobsen, Lis;Moltke, Erik (1941).Danmarks Runeindskrifter. Vol. 3.
• Looijenga, Tineke (2003).Texts & Contexts of the Oldest Runic Inscriptions. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.ISBN 90-04-12396-2.
• MacLeod, Mindy; Mees, Bernard (2006).Runic Amulets and Magic Objects. Boydell Press.ISBN 1-84383-205-4.
• Sundqvist, Olof; Hultgård, Anders (2004). "The Lycophoric Names of the 6th to 7th Century Blekinge Runestones and the Problem of Their Ideological Background". In van Nahl, Astrid; Elmevik, Lennart et seq. (eds.).Namenwelten: Orts- und Personennamen in Historischer Sicht. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 583–602.ISBN 3-11-018108-8.
• Schulte, Michael (2008)."Stylistic variation in runic inscriptions?".Arkiv för nordisk filologi.
• Thorngren, Karl-Gösta:Runstenar i Blekinge. Blekingeboken 1942. pp. 63–96.
• Rundata

• The Runestones of Sölvesborg
• Joint Nordic database for runic inscriptions

• 7th-century inscriptions
• 1823 archaeological discoveries
• Runestones with curses
• Haþuwulf's runestones
• Proto-Norse language
• Runestones in Blekinge
• Runic inscriptions with ideographic runes

• Articles with short description
• Short description matches Wikidata
• Articles needing translation from Swedish Wikipedia
• Pages using infobox mapframe without shape links in Wikidata
• Pages using the Kartographer extension