The Service was created on July 31, 2003, after the reorganization of the State Committee for Protection of the State Border. Duringwartime, units of the State Border Guard Service fall under the command of theArmed Forces of Ukraine. The State Border Guard Service includes theUkrainian Sea Guard, which is the country'scoast guard. It is also responsible for running Temporary Detention Centres, in whichrefugees are held.
Ukrainian border guards are the national successors of theSoviet Border Troops. They were formed from the approximately 17,000 Border Troops located in Ukraine in 1991. The organization was first titled the "Ukrainian Border Troops", which was later subordinated to the "Ukraine's State Committee for State Border Guarding".
From 1991 to at least 1993, the new borders withRussia andBelarus were not guarded; the Border Troops were only deployed along the western borders (minusMoldova) and on theBlack Sea.[5] Another 9,000 personnel were added to the Border Troops at the expense of theArmed Forces of Ukraine, and, by the end of 1993, border posts were established in the north along the Russian and Belarusian borders. In 1999, the authorized strength of the force was again increased to 50,000.
In 2003, new legislation was adopted, and this somewhat changed the legal status of the institution. In March 2003, the Border Troops became the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, and its status was legally changed from 'military formation' to 'special law-enforcement body.' The force was legally granted 50,000 personnel, including 8,000 civilian employees.
On 4 July 2012, a State Border Guard ServiceDiamond DA42 aircraft failed to make its scheduled radio contact with ground units. ASearch and rescue mission revealed that the plane had crashed into a wooded mountainous area inVelykyi Bereznyi Raion, killing all 3 crew members on board. A further investigation was launched.[6]
During TheWar in Donbas on August 31, 2014, two Sea Guard Zhuk class patrol boats were struck by land-based artillery. In June 2, a border base in the outskirts ofLuhansk was besieged by a troop ofLuhansk People's Republic separatists. TheSiege of the Luhansk Border Base resulted in 10 wounded Border Guards until they surrendered and withdrew.[7][8]
On 30 April 2024, Andriy Demchenko, spokesperson of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, said in an interview that 30 Ukrainians have died trying to leave since February 2024 when conscription was introduced. Since the implementation of martial law some 450 criminal gangs have been formed specialising in people smuggling.[10][11]
In April 2024, was announced the creation of the third combat brigade in the State Border Guard Service. The brigade was namedHart and Colonel Volodymyr Chervonenko became its commander.[12]
Involvement in abuse and murders of Ukrainian men fleeing the country
During the Russia-Ukraine war and war-related country exit ban for males,[13] the service’s main occupation essentially became hunting down conscription age men seeking to leave Ukraine throughclandestine routes. Based on abundant evidence, captured individuals are being routinely beaten and tortured[14] with several cases of shootings of fugitives to death also being reported and verified.[15][16][17][18][19][20]
State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is a special enforcement branch tasked with the protection of Ukrainian state border on land, sea or any other inland water obstacle.[21] During wartime, the Border Guards units fall under the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.[22] They were the first Ukrainian units to counter Russian invasion on February 24, 2022.[23]
Cooperation with international financial organizations and Attraction of international technical assistance
European Court of Human Rights
Ethno-National Policy
cooperation with the Russian Federation, state-participants of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Eurasian Economic Cooperation and other regional associations
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