| Saint Paul the Apostle Church | |
|---|---|
 October 2014 | |
  Saint Paul the Apostle Church | |
| 40°46′11″N73°59′7″W / 40.76972°N 73.98528°W /40.76972; -73.98528 | |
| Location | 8-10 Columbus Avenue Manhattan, New York City),New York |
| Country | United States |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Religious order | Paulist Fathers |
| Website | stpaultheapostle |
| History | |
| Status | Parish church Mother church of thePaulist Fathers |
| Founded | 1858 (parish) 1859 (original church & rectory) 1876 (current church) |
| Dedicated | January 25, 1885 |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | NRHP NYC Landmark |
| Years built | 1876–1884[1] |
| Administration | |
| Archdiocese | New York |
| Clergy | |
| Pastor(s) | Fr. Eric Andrews,CSP |
Church of St. Paul the Apostle | |
| Architect | Jeremiah O'Rourke andGeorge Deshon[2] |
| Architectural style | Late Gothic Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 91001723 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | December 5, 1991[3] |
| Designated NYCL | June 25, 2013 |
TheChurch of St. Paul the Apostle is aCatholic church on theUpper West Side ofManhattan inNew York City.[4] It is themother church of thePaulist Fathers, the firstreligious community of Catholic priests founded in theUnited States.
The parish was founded in 1858, and their original church was a simple brick structure built on part of the current lot, but the congregation soon outgrew it.[5][6]
A new Late VictorianGothic Revival-style church was built between 1876 and 1884 designed byJeremiah O'Rourke and Paulist priestGeorge Deshon, a military engineer trained atWest Point,[6] who took over the project six years into construction when O'Rourke died,[5] and probably simplified the design.[6]Isaac Hecker, who founded the Paulist Fathers, may have had a hand in its design as well, using the thirteenth-centuryCathedral of Santa Croce, Florence as a model.[7] The building utilizedTarrytown gray granite stones salvaged from theCroton Aqueduct[5] along with stones from other structures in Manhattan.[6] The granite for the stone entrance steps was salvaged from the French Second Empire-style Booth's Theatre on Sixth Avenue at 23rd Street.
The new building was dedicated on January 25, 1885,[7][8] but was still not complete at that time: the 114-foot (35 m) towers[9] had yet to reach their final height, and much of the interior declarations were still to be installed.[6]
The church is known for its ecclesiastical art,[9] and contains interior elements designed between 1887 and 1890 byStanford White and many large decorated side chapels. Later stained glass windows were added byJohn LaFarge.[7] Other artists who worked within includeAugustus Saint-Gaudens,Frederick MacMonnies, andBertram Goodhue, who is responsible for the floor mosaics. White and Goodhue also offered advice on design elements.Lumen Martin Winter'sAngel of the Resurrection adorns Hecker's sarcophagus, located in the northeast corner of the nave.[5][10] Other Paulist Fathers are entombed in crypt off a chapel on the lower level of the church.
TheNew York Daily Tribune reviewed the architecture as "vast, plain, fortress-like in its solidity—almost repelling in the aesthetic cast without and within, yet it is the most August, unworldly interior of this continent."[7]
The church was added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 1991, and designated aNew York City Landmark in 2013.[6] A major renovation and restoration of the church was begun around 2000, and as of 2013 is still underway.[6]
In 1858, the Paulist Fathers first took possession of a frame house containing a small chapel at 14 West 60th Street.[11] The community's motherhouse is on West 59th Street, adjacent to the church. The present building dates from the 1930s.
The life of the parish has mirrored the growth, decline and rebirth of theHell's Kitchen neighborhood. In 1903 the 9th Avenue elevated train ran directly in front of the church. In 1925, the Paulists launched radio stationWLWL that operated from 1925 to 1937. The parish opened an elementary school in 1886 and a high school division in 1922. When financial issues forced the Archdiocese of New York to close the school, St. Paul's established pre-school centers funded by Project Head Start under the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, providing students with free lunches and medical and dental care.[12] The parish's last school closed in 1974.
The parish went through a financially difficult period in the 1960s and 1970s, with the possibility of bankruptcy in 1973, and razing the church for an apartment building was briefly considered. The church sold the western part of their lot in the mid-1980s,[6] and was able to build a new Parish Center at 405 West 59th Street by selling its air rights to enable the building of a 40-story apartment tower, which sits close to the church's south tower.[5]
Today, the parish, with fiveMasses each Sunday, has a large young professionals community and a Spanish-speaking community. "Apostolist" is the Young Adult Program at St. Paul's; the Young Adult Choir sings at the 5 p.m. Mass on Sunday.[13] The Youth Ministry also sponsors a Food Bank Pantry. "Out at St Paul (OSP)" is the LGBTQ+ ministry of the parish.[14] The "Mustard Seed Guild" supports orphanages in Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic.[15] The parish also has an active conference of theSociety of Saint Vincent de Paul.
St. Paul's also hosts a bookstore and gift shop at the east end of the nave.[16] St. Paul the Apostle serves as the parish for Catholic students at nearbyFordham University, theJohn Jay College of Criminal Justice, and theJuilliard School.
The large church basement has been used as a cafeteria for the parish school, a homeless shelter, soup kitchen, rehearsal space forThe Rockettes, and for boxing matches. From 1996 to 2003, it was the home of the multi-annualBig Apple Comic Convention.[17]
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The current organ at The Church of St. Paul the Apostle isM.P. Möller Pipe Organ Company's Opus 9987, built in 1965. With 4,965 pipes, the instrument has 4 manuals (keyboards), 83 ranks, and 78 stops.[18] Twelve of the stops are made up of pipework from the church's previous instrument,E.M. Skinner Opus 544, built in 1925.[19] The organ speaks from two different parts of the room, giving the effect of two instruments in one. At the front of the sanctuary, with large pedal towers that surround the high altar, sits the main organ. Perched on the south wall of the sanctuary is the nave organ. Both organs are playable simultaneously from one French-style console, built by thePeragallo Pipe Organ Company in 2000, which rests on a movable platform.[20] Renowned organistVirgil Fox recordedThe Christmas Album on the Möller Organ in 1965.[21] By 2020 the Möller instrument was in need of restoration.[22] In February 2021 the church acquired the historicRoosevelt Organ Works Opus 525 that had previously been installed at the formerAll Saints Church.[23][24]
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See also:National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan (Islands,Below 14th St.,14th–59th Sts.,59th–110th Sts.,Above 110th St.) andList of National Historic Landmarks in New York City Note: National Historic Landmarks are not listed separately. | |||||||||||||||
