Adam Spiegel (born October 22, 1969), known professionally asSpike Jonze (/dʒoʊnz/, same pronunciation as "Jones"), is an Americanfilmmaker, actor, musician, and photographer. His work includes films, commercials, music videos, skateboard videos and television.
Adam Spiegel was born on October 22, 1969,[1] inNew York City,[2] the son of Arthur H. Spiegel III and Sandra L. Granzow.[3][4] His father was ofGerman Jewish ancestry.[5] Jonze is the great-grandson ofArthur Spiegel and the great-great-grandson ofJoseph Spiegel, founder of theSpiegel catalog.[3] Arthur H. Spiegel III was the founder of a healthcareconsulting firm.[3][6] Jonze's parents divorced when he was a young child and his father remarried.[3][4] Jonze was raised by his mother inBethesda, Maryland,[7] where she worked inpublic relations,[3] along with his brotherSam "Squeak E. Clean" Spiegel, who is now a producer and DJ,[8] and his sister Julia.[4] While studying atWalt Whitman High School, Jonze spent much of his time at a Bethesda community store, where owner Mike Henderson gave him the nickname "Spike Jonze" in reference to the satirical bandleaderSpike Jones.[3] While in high school, Jonze was close friends with future Jackass co-creatorJeff Tremaine. They became friends through their shared interest inBMX.[9]
A keen BMX rider, Jonze began working at the Rockville BMX store inRockville, Maryland, at the age of 16. A common destination for touring professional BMX teams, Jonze began photographing BMX demos at Rockville and formed a friendship withFreestylin' Magazine editors Mark Lewman and Andy Jenkins.[10] Impressed with Jonze's photography work, the pair offered him a job as a photographer for the magazine, and he subsequently moved to California to pursue career opportunities in photography.[10] Jonze frontedClub Homeboy, an international BMX club, alongside Lewman and Jenkins.[11] The three also created the youth culture magazinesHomeboy andDirt,[12] the latter of which was spun off from the female-centeredSassy and was aimed towards young boys.[13]
While shooting for various BMX publications in California, Jonze was introduced to a number of professional skateboarders who often shared ramps with BMX pros.[10] Jonze formed a close friendship withMark Gonzales, co-owner of the newly formedBlind Skateboards at the time, and began shooting photos with the young Blind team includingJason Lee,Guy Mariano and Rudy Johnson in the late 1980s.[10] Jonze became a regular contributor toTransworld Skateboarding and was subsequently given a job atWorld Industries bySteve Rocco, who enlisted him to photograph advertisements and shoot promotional videos for his brands under the World Industries umbrella.[14] Jonze filmed, edited and produced his firstskateboarding video,Rubbish Heap, for World Industries in 1989.[15] His following video project wasVideo Days, a promotional video for Blind Skateboards, which was released in 1991 and is considered to be highly influential in the community.[16] The video's subject, Gonzales, presented a copy ofVideo Days toKim Gordon during a chance encounter following aSonic Youth show in early 1992. Impressed with Jonze's videography skills, Gordon asked him to direct a music video featuring skateboarders. The video, co-directed by Jonze andTamra Davis, was for their 1992 single "100%", which featured skateboarding footage of Blind Skateboards rider Jason Lee, who later became a successful actor.[17] In 1993, Jonze co-directed the "trippy" music video forThe Breeders song "Cannonball" with Gordon.[18]
Along with Rick Howard andMike Carroll, Jonze co-founded the skateboard companyGirl Skateboards in 1993.[19] The following year, he directed the video for theWeezer song "Buddy Holly", which featured the band performing the song interspersed with clips from the sitcomHappy Days.[20] The video became immensely popular and was shown frequently onMTV.[21] A 2013Rolling Stone readers' poll ranked it as the tenth best music video of the 1990s.[22] Also in 1994, Jonze directed the videos for theBeastie Boys' songs "Sure Shot" and, more famously, "Sabotage".[23] The latter parodies 1970s cop shows and is presented as theopening credits for a fictional show calledSabotage, featuring the band members appearing as itsprotagonists.[22] As with "Buddy Holly", the video attracted great popularity and was in "near-constant rotation on MTV."[24] In the same year, Jonze also directed videos for the hip hop groupMarxman, The Breeders,Dinosaur Jr., and another Weezer song, "Undone – The Sweater Song".[25] Jonze made his film debut as an actor in abit part in the dramaMi Vida Loca (1994).[26] In 1995, he was attached to direct an adaptation ofHarold and the Purple Crayon.[27]
1995–1999: In demand video director andBeing John Malkovich
Jonze filmed a short documentary in 1997,Amarillo by Morning, about two Texan boys who aspire to bebull riders.[39] He was also one of thecinematographers for the documentaryFree Tibet, which documents the 1996Tibetan Freedom Concert inSan Francisco.[40] His 1998 commercial forSprite is considered an example ofsubvertising for its spoof take on the brand's mascot.[41] Jonze developed analter ego named Richard Koufey, the leader of the Torrance Community Dance Group, an urban troupe that performs in public spaces.[3] The Koufey persona appeared when Jonze, in character, filmed himself dancing toFatboy Slim's "Praise You" as it played on a boom box in a public area.[42] Jonze showed the video to Slim, who appears briefly in the video.[43] Jonze then assembled a group of dancers to perform to Slim's "Praise You" outside aWestwood, California, movie theater and taped the performance.[3][44] The resulting clip was a huge success, and "Koufey" and his troupe were invited to New York City to perform the song for the 1999MTV Video Music Awards.[45] The video received awards for Best Direction, Breakthrough, and Best Choreography, which Jonze accepted, still in character.[45] Jonze made a shortmockumentary about the experience calledTorrance Rises (1999).[15]
Jonze returned to video directing in 2000, helming the video for the song "Wonderboy" by the comedy duoTenacious D.[54] Along withJohnny Knoxville and childhood friendJeff Tremaine, Jonze co-created, executive produced and occasionally appeared in the television seriesJackass in 2000, which aired on MTV for three seasons until 2002.[55] The show featured a group of people performing dangerous stunts and pranks on each other. At the request ofAl Gore'spresidential campaign in 2000, Jonze directed a short video about Gore at his home. The video was shown at theDemocratic National Convention.[56] He collaborated with Fatboy Slim for a second time in 2001, directing the video for "Weapon of Choice", starringChristopher Walken dancing around a deserted hotel lobby.[57] The video won multiple awards at the2001 MTV Video Music Awards and the 2002Grammy Award for Best Music Video.[58][59] Jonze's second film, the comedy-dramaAdaptation, (2002), was partially based on the non-fiction bookThe Orchid Thief bySusan Orlean and was written by Charlie Kaufman.[60] Themetafilm starredNicolas Cage in adual role as Kaufman and his fictional twin brother, Donald, as he attempts to adaptThe Orchid Thief into a film and features dramatized events from the book. It co-starredMeryl Streep as Orlean andChris Cooper as the subject ofThe Orchid Thief,John Laroche.[60]Adaptation. was met with widespread critical acclaim from critics, who praised it for its originality whilst simultaneously being funny and thought-provoking.[61]
Jackass: The Movie, a continuation of the television show, was released in October 2002.[62] Jonze co-produced, contributed to the writing of the segments, and made a cameo appearance in the film.[62][63] Jonze directed a 60-second commercial called "Lamp" for the furniture storeIKEA in 2002,[64] which won the Grand Prix at theCannes Lions International Advertising Festival, considered a prestigious award in the field of advertising.[65] Also in 2002, Jonze directed theLevi's commercial "Crazy Legs"[65] and the videos forBeck's "Guess I'm Doing Fine",[18] Björk's "It's in Our Hands" (filmed innight vision), and one of two versions of Weezer's "Island in the Sun".[66] Jonze co-directed the Girl Skateboards videoYeah Right! in 2003, which featured extensive use of special effects and a cameo byOwen Wilson.[67] That same year, he directed the video forTurbonegro's single "Sell Your Body (to the Night)" which featured appearances by the members of Jackass.[68]
Jonze co-foundedDirectors Label – a series ofDVDs devoted to music video directors – in September 2003 with filmmakersChris Cunningham andMichel Gondry. Jonze's volume,The Work of Director Spike Jonze, was released in October and comprises his videos, as well as photographs, drawings and interviews.[69] Jonze made a faux documentary calledThe Mystery of Dalarö in 2004 as part of an advertising campaign for theVolvo S40. The film was credited to a fictionalVenezuelan director named Carlos Soto, but was later revealed to have been directed by Jonze.[70] He directed a commercial forAdidas titled "Hello Tomorrow" in 2005, featuring the music of his brotherSam "Squeak E. Clean" Spiegel and Jonze's then-girlfriendKaren O of the bandYeah Yeah Yeahs.[71]
After directing videos forLudacris and Yeah Yeah Yeahs' "Y Control" (which caused some controversy over its graphic images),[72] Jonze collaborated with Björk for a third time on the playful music video for "Triumph of a Heart" (2005), in which her husband was played by a housecat.[28] The secondJackass film,Jackass Number Two, was released in 2006 and saw Jonze dress as an old lady whose breasts "accidentally" keep becoming exposed while wandering aroundLos Angeles.[73] Along withDave Eggers, he had a speaking part in theBeck song "The Horrible Fanfare/Landslide/Exoskeleton" from his 2006 albumThe Information.[74] In 2007, he became the creative director ofVBS.tv, an online television network supplied byVice and funded by MTV.[75] Jonze hosted his own interview show on the service.[76] He directed ads forGAP and Levi's,[77] and co-directed the skateboarding videoFully Flared with Ty Evans and Cory Weincheque in the same year.[16] Jonze directed the music video forKanye West's single "Flashing Lights" in 2008. Filmed entirely in slow motion,[37] the video stars West and model Rita G, and sees her driving around theLas Vegas, Nevada, desert in aFord Mustang before stopping to repeatedly stab West, who is tied up in the trunk.[78] Jonze produced Charlie Kaufman's directorial debutSynecdoche, New York in 2008, which Jonze originally intended to direct.[79]
2009–2019:Where the Wild Things Are, short films, andHer
Where the Wild Things Are (2009), a film adaptation ofMaurice Sendak children's picture bookof the same name, was directed by Jonze and co-written by Jonze andDave Eggers, who expanded the original ten-sentence book into a feature film.[80] Sendak gave advice to Jonze while he was adapting the book and the two developed a friendship.[81] The film starsMax Records as Max, a misunderstood 8-year-old boy who runs away from home after an fight with his mother (played by Catherine Keener) and goes away to an island inhabited by creatures known as the "Wild Things," who declare Max their king.[81] The Wild Things were played by performers in creature suits, while CG was required to animate their faces.[82]James Gandolfini,Lauren Ambrose, Chris Cooper,Forest Whitaker,Catherine O'Hara,Paul Dano, andMichael Berry Jr. provided the voices for the Wild Things, and Jonze voiced two owls named Bob and Terry.[83] The film's soundtrack was composed by Karen O and composerCarter Burwell scored his third film for Jonze.[84]Where the Wild Things Are was released in October 2009 to a generally positive critical reception but did not perform well at the box office. Some reviewers were unsure whether the film was intended for a younger or adult audience due to its dark tone and level of maturity.[85] Jonze himself said that he "didn't set out to make a children's movie; I set out to make a movie about childhood".[86] A television documentary,Tell Them Anything You Want: A Portrait of Maurice Sendak, co-directed by Jonze and Lance Bangs, aired in 2009 and features a series of interviews with Sendak.[87] Jonze wrote and directedWe Were Once a Fairytale (2009), a short film starring Kanye West as himself acting belligerently while drunk in a nightclub.[88]
Jonze wrote and directed the science fiction romance short filmI'm Here in 2010, based on the children's bookThe Giving Tree. The film starsAndrew Garfield as a robot with a head shaped like an old PC who falls in love with a more sleekly-designed female robot, played bySienna Guillory.[41] Jonze produced and provided his voice to a character in the short filmHigglety Pigglety Pop! or There Must Be More to Life (2010), based on Maurice Sendak's book of the same name.[89] He co-directed the video forLCD Soundsystem's "Drunk Girls" with the band's frontmanJames Murphy[90] and directed the video forArcade Fire's "The Suburbs" in 2010, the latter being an edited version of Jonze's short filmScenes from the Suburbs (2011), adystopian vision of suburbia in the near-future and an expansion of the themes of nostalgia, alienation, and childhood found in the song.[91][92] A thirdJackass film,Jackass 3D, premiered in 2010.[93] He was part of the main cast for the black comedy seriesThe Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret as the supervisor toDavid Cross' character for the first two seasons in 2010 and 2012, before being replaced byJack McBrayer in the third season.[94] Jonze resumed his longtime collaboration with the Beastie Boys in July 2011, directing the video for their song featuringSantigold, "Don't Play No Game That I Can't Win", in which the band members are portrayed asaction figures.[23] He then directed the video for Kanye West andJay-Z's 2011 single "Otis", which saw the pair driving a customizedMaybach 57 around an industrial lot.[95] Along with Simon Cahn, Jonze co-directed thestop-motion animated short filmMourir Auprès De Toi (2011), which is set in theShakespeare and Company bookstore in Paris. Jonze voiced a skeletalMacbeth in the film.[96] Also in 2011, Jonze played a small supporting role in the sports dramaMoneyball as the husband ofRobin Wright's character, who is the ex-wife ofBilly Beane (played byBrad Pitt).[97] In 2012, Jonze co-directed the feature-length skateboarding filmPretty Sweet with hisFully Flared co-directors Ty Evans and Cory Weincheque.[98]
Jonze in 2013
Jonze's fourth feature film, the romantic science fiction dramaHer, was released in December 2013. The film was his first original screenplay and the first he had written alone, inspired by Charlie Kaufman by putting "all the ideas and feelings at that time" into his script forSynecdoche, New York.[99] It starsJoaquin Phoenix,Amy Adams,Rooney Mara,Olivia Wilde, andScarlett Johansson. The film follows the recently divorced Theodore Twombly (Phoenix), a man who develops a relationship with a seemingly intuitive and humanistic female voice, named "Samantha" (Johansson), produced by an advanced computer operating system.[99] Samantha was originally voiced bySamantha Morton during its production, but was later replaced by Johansson.[99] Jonze provided his voice to a video game character in the film, Alien Child, who interacts with Theodore.[100] The film's score was composed by Arcade Fire andOwen Pallett.[101]
Jonze co-wrote, co-produced, and appeared inJackass Presents: Bad Grandpa (2013), a hidden camera comedy film starring Johnny Knoxville as the vulgar grandfather Irvin Zisman. Jonze played his wife Gloria, but was cut from a majority of the film.[107] Jonze served as the creative director of theYouTube Music Awards on November 3, 2013. At the ceremony, he directed the live music video for Arcade Fire's "Afterlife", documentedLady Gaga's live performance of "Dope" withChris Milk, and premiered a short film written byLena Dunham that Jonze directed calledChoose You.[108][109] Jonze had a small role inMartin Scorsese's 2013 filmThe Wolf of Wall Street as a stockbroker who teachesJordan Belfort (played byLeonardo DiCaprio) the ins and outs ofpenny stocks.[97] Jonze got the part as the film shared the samecasting director asHer, who asked Jonze if he wanted to appear in the film.[97] He directed the video for Kanye West's "Only One" in 2015, which was filmed on hisiPhone in a foggy field and featured heartfelt interactions between West and daughter.[110] Jonze made a guest appearance in the fourth season of Lena Dunham's television seriesGirls in March 2015.[111] Jonze directed the short commercial filmKenzo World to promote a fragrance byKenzo in 2016. The film starredMargaret Qualley as a woman erratically dancing around a large mansion, with choreography byRyan Heffington.[112] Jonze is the creative director of multinational television channel brandViceland, which launched in February 2016.[113]
In 2017, Jonze directedFrank Ocean's summer festival tour, which included 8 shows which took place in different cities around the US and Europe. Jonze also produced and decorated, alongside Ocean and artist Tom Sachs among others, an elaborate stage with a runway and central platform for the same concert.[114] Jonze wrote and directed the stage showChangers: A Dance Story, starringLakeith Stanfield andMia Wasikowska. Featuring dance choreography by Ryan Heffington, the show premiered at anOpening Ceremony fashion week presentation in September 2017 before opening to the public for a four-night run at theLa MaMa Experimental Theatre Club.[115] Jonze produced the documentaryJim & Andy: The Great Beyond (2017), which documents the production of the filmMan on the Moon (1999).[116] The following year, he directed the short commercial filmWelcome Home for Apple'sHomePod devices, starringFKA Twigs dancing inside her apartment as its transforms into a surreal space and engages in adance off with herdoppelgänger.[117] In 2019, Jonze directed a commercial and accompanying short film for the website building serviceSquarespace starringIdris Elba,[118] as well a short film titledThe New Normal advocating formarijuana legalization in partnership with the cannabis companyMedMen.[119] In that year, Jonze also filmed theAziz Ansari stand-up specialRight Now, operating close-up shots himself onstage.[120] He won two consecutiveDirectors Guild of America Awards for his commercial work in 2018 and 2019.[121][122]
Jonze directed theBeastie Boys Story: As Told by Michael Diamond & Adam Horovitz stage show, which took place in Philadelphia and Brooklyn for three nights in 2019 and saw the band's two surviving members tell the story of the Beastie Boys and their friendship.[123] A feature-length documentary,Beastie Boys Story, was also directed by Jonze and features footage from the shows.[123] It was released onApple TV+ in 2020 to positive reviews.[124] He returned to acting inDamien Chazelle's 2022 filmBabylon, appearing as a German film director bearing a resemblance toErich von Stroheim.[125]In early 2023, it was reported that Jonze had started working on a television series forNetflix withBrad Pitt andJoaquin Phoenix attached. However, the project was scrapped after he left it in October 2024.[126]
On June 26, 1999, Jonze married directorSofia Coppola, whom he had first met in 1992 on the set of the music video forSonic Youth's "100%".[3][127] On December 5, 2003, the couple filed for divorce, citing "irreconcilable differences".[127] The character of John, a career-driven photographer (played byGiovanni Ribisi) in Coppola'sLost in Translation (2003), was rumored to be based on Jonze, though Coppola commented "It's not Spike, but there are elements of him there, elements of experiences."[128]
Since 2019, Jonze has been in a relationship with artistAllie Teilz, whom he met in 2013 on the set ofHer.[135][136] They have three sons: twins born in 2023 and another in 2024.[137][138][139]
^Landay, Vincent (Producer) Brown, Richard (Producer) (2003).The Work of Director Spike Jonze (DVD). New York City: Palm Pictures. Event occurs at Side A, Commentry Track of Praise You spoken by Normal Cook (Fatboy Slim).