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Speothos pacivorus

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Extinct species of carnivore

Speothos pacivorus Temporal range:Late Pleistocene (Lujanian)- EarlyHolocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Canidae
Genus:	Speothos
Species:	†S. pacivorus
Binomial name
†Speothos pacivorus Lund 1839

ThePleistocene bush dog (Speothos pacivorus) is an extinct canidspecies in the genusSpeothos from theLate Pleistocene.^[1]^[2] It was a relative of the extantbush dog. When compared to the bush dog,S. pacivorus had an overall larger body size, a straighterradial shaft and a double-rooted second lowermolar.^[3]

References

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^Ruiz, Juan V.; Ferreira, Gabriel S.; Machado, Fabio A.; Kyriakouli, Christina; Godoy, Pedro L.; Gundlach, Carsten; Castro, Mariela C.; Montefeltro, Felipe C. (2024-05-03). "The lost jackals from the Brazilian caves: insights on the taxonomy and paleoecology of Pleistocene bush dog Speothos pacivorus (Carnivora, Canidae)".Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.44 (3) e2438827.doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2438827.hdl:11449/299683.ISSN 0272-4634.
^Ruiz, Juan V.; Kyriakouli, Christina; Hansen, Kasper; Gundlach, Carsten; Ferreira, Gabriel S.; Machado, Fabio A.; Godoy, Pedro L.; Castro, Mariela C.; Montefeltro, Felipe C. (2024-05-14)."The Fossils of Speothos Pacivorus (Carnivora: Canidae) at the Peter Lund/Quaternary Collection of the Natural History Museum of Denmark".MorphoMuseuM.10 (2) e229.doi:10.18563/journal.m3.229.
^*Berta, Annalisa (November 1984). "The Pleistocene Bush Dog Speothos pacivorus (Canidae) from the Lagoa Santa Caves, Brazil".Journal of Mammalogy.65 (4):549–559.doi:10.2307/1380837.JSTOR 1380837.

ExtinctCanidae

KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassMammalia
Order:Carnivora
Suborder:Caniformia

Canidae

†Prohesperocyon

†Hesperocyoninae

Hesperocyon Mesocyon Cynodesmus Sunkahetanka Philotrox Enhydrocyon Paraenhydrocyon Caedocyon Ectopocynus
Osbornodon	O. brachypus O. fricki O. iamonensis O. renjiei O. sesnoni O. scitulus O. wangi

†Borophaginae

Phlaocyonini

Cynarctoides
Phlaocyon	P. achoros P. annectens P. latidens P. leucosteus P. mariae P. marslandensis P. minor P. multicuspus P. taylori P. yatkolai

Borophagini

Cynarctina

Paracynarctus
Cynarctus

Aelurodontina

Tomarctus
Aelurodon

Borophagina

Paratomarctus Carpocyon Protepicyon Epicyon
Borophagus	B. diversidens B. dudleyi B. hilli B. littoralis B. orc B. parvus B. pugnator B. secundus

Caninae	see below↓

Caninae

†Leptocyon
†Metalopex

Urocyon	†U. citrinus †U. galushai †U. minicephalus †U. progressus †U. webbi

Vulpini

†Ferrucyon †Prototocyon
Nyctereutes (raccoon dogs)	†N. abdeslami †N. donnezani †N. lockwoodi †N. megamastoides †N. sinensis †N. tingi †N. vinetorum
Vulpes (true foxes)	†V. hassani †V. odessana †V. praeglacialis †V. qiuzhudingi †V. riffautae †V. rooki †V. skinneri †V. stenognathus

Canini(true dogs)

†Canis gezi
†Nurocyon

Cerdocyonina
(zorro)

†Protocyon †Theriodictis
Speothos	†Pleistocene bush dog (S. pacivorus)
†Dusicyon	Falkland Islands wolf (D. australis) D. avus D. cultridens
Lycalopex (South American foxes)	†L. cultridens (?) †L. ensenadensis

Canina(wolf-like canids)	see below↓

Falkland Islands wolf (Dusicyon australis)

Canina(wolf-like canids)

Canina

†Eucyon	E. davisi E. debonisi E. ferox E. intrepidus E. khoikhoi E. kuta E. marinae E. minor E. monticinensis E. skinneri E. wokari E. zhoui
Lycaon	†L. magnus †L. sekowei
Dhole (Cuon alpinus)	†C. a. antiquus †C. a. caucasicus †European dhole (C. a. europaeus) †Tien Shan dhole (C. a. hesperius)

Canis

Coyote (C. latrans)	†Pleistocene coyote (C. l. orcutti)
Red wolf (C. rufus)	†Florida black wolf (C. r. floridanus) †Texas red wolf (C. r. rufus)

Wolf (C. lupus)

†Prehistoric

†Recently
extinct

Sicilian wolf (C. l. cristaldii) Hokkaido wolf (C. l. hattai) Japanese wolf (C. l. hodophilax) Austro-Hungarian wolf
Synonymized underC. l. arctos:Bernard's wolf (C. l. bernardi)
Synonymized underC. l. occidentalis:Kenai Peninsula wolf (C. l. alces) Manitoba wolf (C. l. griseoalbus)
Synonymized underC. l. nubilus:Newfoundland wolf (C. l. beothucus) Cascade mountain wolf (C. l. fuscus) Mogollon mountain wolf (C. l. mogollonensis) Texas wolf (C. l. monstrabilis) Southern Rocky Mountain wolf (C. l. youngi)

See also:Evolution of the wolf
Category:Extinct canids

Taxon identifiers
Speothos pacivorus	Wikidata:Q3122095 Wikispecies:Speothos pacivorus EoL:4444926 GBIF:8071727 Open Tree of Life:6145419 Paleobiology Database:433174 ZooBank:644B8AB8-DB73-4F15-B388-4FF1A08981BF

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