 Soyuz TMA-08M departs from the ISS, 10 September 2013 | |
| Mission type | ISS crew rotation |
|---|---|
| Operator | Roscosmos |
| COSPAR ID | 2013-013A |
| SATCATno. | 39125 |
| Mission duration | 166 days, 6 hours, 15 minutes |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz 11F732A47 No.708[1] |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz-TMA 11F747 |
| Manufacturer | RKK Energia |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 3 |
| Members | Pavel Vinogradov Alexander Misurkin Christopher Cassidy |
| Callsign | Карат ("Carat")[2] |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 28 March 2013, 20:43:20 (2013-03-28UTC20:43:20Z) UTC[3] |
| Rocket | Soyuz-FG |
| Launch site | Baikonur1/5 |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 11 September 2013, 02:58 (2013-09-11UTC02:59Z) UTC[4] |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Docking withISS | |
| Docking port | Poisk zenith |
| Docking date | 29 March 2013, 02:28 UTC |
| Undocking date | 10 September 2013, 23:37 UTC[4] |
| Time docked | 165 days, 21 hours, 9 minutes |
 (l-r) Cassidy, Vinogradov, and Misurkin | |
Soyuz TMA-08M (Russian:Союз ТМА-08M meaningUnion TMA-08M), identified asSoyuz 34 or34S by NASA, was a 2013 flight to theInternational Space Station. It transported three members of theExpedition 35 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-08M was the 117th flight of aSoyuz spacecraft, the first flight launching in 1967.
The Russian Soyuz TMA-08M utilized the new 6-hour fast rendezvous flight profile developed by theRussian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and previously tested onProgress M-16M andM-17M, instead of the usual two-day rendezvous, making it possible for crew members to leave ground facilities and board theInternational Space Station in less time than a typicaltransatlantic flight.[5][6]
| Position | Crew Member | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander |  Pavel Vinogradov,RoscosmosExpedition 35 Third and last spaceflight | |
| Flight Engineer 1 | Alexander Misurkin,Roscosmos Expedition 35 First spaceflight | |
| Flight Engineer 2 |  Christopher Cassidy,NASAExpedition 35 Second spaceflight | |
| Position[7] | Crew Member | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Oleg Kotov,Roscosmos | |
| Flight Engineer 1 | Sergey Ryazansky,Roscosmos | |
| Flight Engineer 2 | Michael S. Hopkins,NASA | |
The rollout of the Soyuz FG Rocket occurred on 26 March 2013. After being erected into position at the launch pad, the launch vehicle was prepared for the countdown and its launch on 28 March. Final cargo items including some time-critical experiment payloads for the Russian segment of the space station were loaded into the Soyuz at the launch pad.
The Soyuz FG Rocket carrying the Soyuz TMA-08M atop was launched from Site 1/5 at theBaikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 20:43 GMT.[8][9][10] All stages of the Soyuz performed normally, and less than nine minutes later it delivered the Soyuz TMA-08M crew of Pavel Vinogradov, Aleksandr Misurkin, and Christopher Cassidy into orbit. For the ride into space, Soyuz Commander Vinogradov was strapped into the center seat while board engineer Misurkin and flight Engineer Chris Cassidy took the left and the right seats, respectively.
Following orbital insertion, Soyuz TMA-08M immediately began rendezvous operations. On the first orbit, the spacecraft executed its first two programmed engine burns. On the second orbit, actual orbital parameters were transmitted from a Russian ground site. With these parameters, Soyuz performed eight further rendezvous burns over the next five hours of flight.
The docking of Soyuz TMA-08M to the space station was accomplished after just four orbits and just under six hours post launch. The docking of the spacecraft to theMRM-2Poisk module occurred at 2:28 GMT on 29 March 2013 slightly ahead of the schedule. The event set a new record for the fastest crewed docking for theInternational Space Station program.[11] Previous Soyuz launches had taken two days.[9]
After the hatches opened at 4:35 GMT, the newly arrived Soyuz crew was welcomed aboard the space station by Expedition 35 commanderChris Hadfield and flight engineersThomas Marshburn andRoman Romanenko. All six crew members participated in a welcome ceremony with family members and mission officials gathered at theRussian Mission Control Center near Moscow.
At the completion of the 166-day mission, the Soyuz TMA-08M spacecraft undocked from Poisk Module of the space station at 23:37 GMT on 10 September 2013. The Soyuz initiated the Deorbit Burn at 2:05 GMT and a 4 minutes 46 seconds retrograde burn of its SKD Main Propulsion System. At 2:32 GMT on 11 September, the three modules of the Soyuz separated at an altitude of 140 kilometers. Soon afterwards the Soyuz Entry Module designed to survive the reentry experienced the first traces of the atmosphere (entry interface) and gradually heat started to build up on the spacecraft's thermal protection system. At about seven minutes after entry interface, the maximum stress on the spacecraft occurred and as expected during this period of reentry communications with the Soyuz were lost.
During the following atmospheric flight, the Entry Module slowed to about 240 m/s and as it passed 10.6 Kilometers in altitude, initiated the parachute deployment sequence. Three chutes were sequentially deployed (a Pilot Chute, a Drogue Chute and the Main Chute). The deployment of the Main Chute occurred at an altitude of about 7.5 Kilometers slowing the spacecraft to 6 m/s.
The spacecraft carrying Vinogradov, Misurkin and Cassidy landed on the steppe of Kazakhstan (southeast of the town ofDzhezkazgan) at 2:58 GMT on 11 September 2013.[12] Soon afterwards, the Soyuz Entry Module was surrounded by recovery personnel getting ready to open the hatch. First to be extracted from the spacecraft was commander Vinogradov followed by NASA astronaut Cassidy. Last to be extracted from the Entry Module was Misurkin. The three crew members were placed in reclining chairs and due to bad weather they were quickly ushered to the medical tent setup nearby.
Shortly after landing, Cassidy and Misurkin, also participated in a post-landing activity by going through a number of exercises to assess their physiological state. These tests will be used to determine how crew members would feel after landing on Mars to assess what type of activities they could perform shortly after landing.[13] Cosmonauts Vinogradov and Misurkin were flown back to Star City, outside Moscow, while astronaut Cassidy boarded a NASA Gulfstream III aircraft to fly back toHouston.
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