Southern Russian is one of the main groups ofRussian dialects.

• The territory of theprimary formation (i.e. that consists of "Old" Russia of the 16th century before Eastern conquests byIvan IV) is entirely 11 modern regions (oblasts):Belgorod,Bryansk,Kaluga,Kursk,Lipetsk,Oryol,Ryazan,Smolensk,Tambov,Tula,Voronezh; and some southern parts of 3 regions:Moscow,Pskov, andTver
• The territory of thesecond formation (i.e. where Russians settled after the 16th century) consists of most of the land of lowerDon andVolga, theNorthern Caucasus, as well as SouthernUral,Siberia, andFar East.

• Unstressed/o/ undergoes different degrees of vowel reduction mainly to[a] (strongakanye), less often to[ɐ],[ə],[ɨ].
• Unstressed/o/,/e/,/a/ followingpalatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable are not reduced to[ɪ] (like in the Moscow dialect), being instead pronounced[æ] in such positions (e.g. несли is pronounced[nʲæsˈlʲi], not[nʲɪsˈlʲi]) – this is calledyakanye/яканье.^[1][2]
• Fricative/ɣ/ instead of the Standard and Northern/ɡ/.^[1] Soft/ɣʲ/ is usually[j~ʝ].
• Semivowel/w~u̯/ in the place of the Standard and Northern/v/ and final/l/.^[1]
• /x~xv~xw/ where the Standard and Northern have/f/.^[1]
• Prosthetic/w~u̯/ before/u/ and stressed/o/:во́кна, ву́лица, Standard Russianокна, улица "windows, street".
• Prosthetic/j/ before/i/ and/e/:етот,ентот, Standard Russianэтот "this".
• InPskov (southern) andRyazan sub-groups only onevoicelessaffricate exists. Merging of Standard Russian/t͡ʃ/ and/t͡s/ into one consonant whether/t͡s/ or/t͡ɕ/.

• Palatalized final/tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs (this is unpalatalized in the Standard and Northern dialects):^[1][3]он ходить, они ходять "he goes, they go"
• Occasional dropping of the 3rd person ending/tʲ/ at all:он ходи, они ходя "he goes, they go"
• Oblique case forms of personal pronounsмяне́, табе́, сабе́ instead of Standard Russianмне, тебе, себе "me, you, -self".

Some of these features such as akanye/yakanye, adebuccalized orlenited/ɡ/, asemivowel/w~u̯/, and palatalized final/tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs are also present in modernBelarusian and some dialects ofUkrainian (EasternPolesian), indicating a linguistic continuum.

• Central Russian dialects
• Northern Russian dialects

• Crosswhite, Katherine Margaret (2000),"Vowel Reduction in Russian: A Unified Account of Standard, Dialectal, and 'Dissimilative' Patterns"(PDF),University of Rochester Working Papers in the Language Sciences,1 (1):107–172, archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2012-02-06
• Shevelov, George Y. (1977),"On the Chronology ofh and the Newg in Ukrainian"(PDF),inHarvard Ukrainian Studies, vol. 1, Cambridge: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, pp. 137–152, archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2011-07-03
• Sussex, Roland; Cubberley, Paul (2006). "Dialects of Russian".The Slavic languages.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. pp. 521–526.ISBN 978-0-521-22315-7.

• М.О. Garder, N.S. Petrova, А.B. Moroz, А.B. Panova, N.R. Dobrushina.Corpus of Spiridonova Buda dialect. 2018. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, HSE.
• A.V. Ter-Avanesova, F.A. Balabin, S.V. Dyachenko, A.V. Malysheva, V.A. Morozova.Corpus of the Malinino dialect. 2019. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, NRU HSE. URL; Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• A.V. Ter-Avanesova, S.V. Dyachenko, E.V. Kolesnikova, A.V. Malysheva, D.I. Ignatenko, A.B. Panova, N.R. Dobrushina.Corpus of Rogovatka dialect. 2018. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, NRU HSE.

• Russian dialects
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