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Southern Russia orthe South of Russia (Russian:Юг России,IPA:[jukrɐˈsʲiɪ]) is acolloquial term for the southernmost geographic portion ofEuropean Russia. The term is generally used to refer to the region of Russia'sSouthern Federal District andNorth Caucasian Federal District.[1]
The term is informal and does not conform to any official areas of theRussian Federation as designated by theRussian Classification on Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO).
The Caucasus has been inhabited for millennia. Eastern Slavic tribes, like theAntes, inhabited Southern Russia at least from the 3rd century.[2] Southern Russia played an important role in the influence ofByzantine culture on Russia.Persian culture has also left its traces in Southern Russia.[3] At the beginning of the second millennium, between Volga and Don, Turkic tribes established Tatar states in the South of Russia. According to historical sources, the Russian lands in Southern Russia adopted the Islamic faith after contact with the Mongols.[4]
During theRussian Civil War (1917–1922), a territory calledSouth Russia briefly existed from 1919 to 1920, which spanned the southern parts of theRussian Empire, including portions of Ukraine. InSoviet historiography, it also was referred to as "White South" in reference to theWhite Army that fought theBolsheviks there along with theArmed Forces of South Russia and theVolunteer Army.[citation needed]
Since thedissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the area of Southern Russia spans two of the ninefederal districts of Russia containing 19federal constituent entities, six of which are disputed with Ukraine:
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In relation to the officialeconomic regions of Russia, most of Southern Russia is included in theNorth Caucasus economic region, with the exception of the Astrakhan Oblast, the Republic of Kalmykia and the Volgograd Oblast, which are part of theVolga economic region. References to "Southern Russia" can be found in media or news portals devoted to the area. Newspapers and websites likeRossiyskaya Gazeta andVedomosti have sections ortags for the area.[5][6]
45°24′00″N43°00′00″E / 45.4000°N 43.0000°E /45.4000; 43.0000
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