| Southern Daly | |
|---|---|
| (generally accepted) | |
| Geographic distribution | Daly River region, northern Australia |
| Linguistic classification | Proposedlanguage family |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | sout2772 |
TheDaly languages (color), among the other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) | |
Southern Daly languages. Murrinh-patha is on the coast, Ngan’gityemerri in the interior. | |
TheSouthern Daly languages are a proposed family of two distantly relatedAustralian aboriginal languages. They are:
Southern Daly is a distant and problematic relationship.Murrinh-Patha was once thought to be an isolate, due to lexical data: It has, at most, an 11-percent shared vocabulary with any other language against which it has been compared.[1] However, Murrinh-patha and Ngan’gityemerri correspond closely in their verbal inflections. Green (2003) makes a case that the formal correspondences in core morphological sequences of their finite verbs are too similar (in their complexities and their irregularities) to have come about through anything other than a shared genetic legacy from a common parent language.[2] Nonetheless, lexically they have almost nothing in common, other than cognates in their words for 'thou'(nhinhi andnyinyi) and 'this'(kanhi andkinyi),[3] and it is not clear what could explain this discrepancy.
The following basic vocabulary items are from Tryon (1968).[4]
| no. | gloss | Tyemeri | Ngengomeri |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | head | dæpe | dæpe |
| 2 | hair | wičæ | wuǰa |
| 3 | eyes | dæmoy | damoy |
| 4 | nose | dæši | dæče |
| 5 | ear | dæčære | dæčære |
| 6 | tooth | dædir | dædir |
| 7 | tongue | dæčæn | ŋalŋijiak |
| 8 | shoulder | tamæmbɛr | dada |
| 9 | elbow | mïnmïrpïr | dličiwuwul |
| 10 | hand | dæmæ | dæmæ |
| 11 | breasts | če | čiye |
| 12 | back | dædære | dædære |
| 13 | belly | dægæ | damarde |
| 14 | navel | dæčɛre | dæčɛre |
| 15 | heart | kækulkul | kækulgul |
| 16 | urine | waga | waga |
| 17 | excrete | ŋækïn | nïkïnmœr |
| 18 | thigh | dæbe | dæbe |
| 19 | leg | dagare | dagare |
| 20 | knee | dænïnǰe | dærɛnǰe |
| 21 | foot | dæᵽïr | dæbir |
| 22 | skin | agarᵽure | agaraburo |
| 23 | fat | aleye | adæwe |
| 24 | blood | ᵽæčæn | pučæn |
| 25 | bone | ame | ame |
| 26 | man | yæde | mipuR |
| 27 | woman | ᵽalme | palme |
| 28 | father | ŋača | ŋača |
| 29 | mother | kala | ala |
| 30 | grandmother | mæŋgæ | mæŋgæ |
| 31 | policeman | wamumur | wamɔmɔ |
| 32 | spear | yawul | yawul |
| 33 | woomera | yagama | yagama |
| 34 | boomerang | kuɲuŋuɲ | kuɲuŋuɲ |
| 35 | nullanulla | magulbe | magulbɔ |
| 36 | hair-belt | woyčær | wuǰa |
| 37 | canoe | yænïŋgïǰe | kænægïǰe |
| 38 | axe | bi | bi |
| 39 | dilly bag | waRgaRde | waRguduʔ |
| 40 | fire | yæŋge | yæŋge |
| 41 | smoke | tawan | dawan |
| 42 | water | kure | kurɔ |
| 43 | cloud | wɔ | wɔ |
| 44 | rainbow | aŋemuŋge | aŋamuŋgi |
| 45 | barramundi | ætælmær | awalaŋir |
| 46 | sea | kuruŋgur | kuričæwæ |
| 47 | river | diRpædær | kuripædæR |
| 48 | stone | ᵽæpe | pæpe |
| 49 | ground | ŋičir | ŋičïr |
| 50 | track | mumba | mumba |
| 51 | dust | baᵽun | pabun |
| 52 | sun | mire | mïre |
| 53 | moon | diwin | diwiɳ |
| 54 | star | ŋanimæ | ŋanimær |
| 55 | night | kulče nïmbe | ŋaniŋeye |
| 56 | tomorrow | ŋuɲananïŋge | wadænige |
| 57 | today | dæčaŋe | čawɔrɔ |
| 58 | big | kæRæ | yɛrmïnbade |
| 59 | possum | awuye | awuye |
| 60 | dog | wowo | wowo |
| 61 | tail | akïme | dapuR |
| 62 | meat | kagɔ | kagɔ |
| 63 | snake | æƀæŋgo | abæŋgo |
| 64 | red kangaroo | amače | amače |
| 65 | porcupine | aŋaneƀiɲe | aŋaneƀiɲi |
| 66 | emu | ŋuRp | kɔmɔɛnǰil |
| 67 | crow | awaŋge | awak |
| 68 | goanna | æmængïɲ | mængiɲ |
| 69 | blue tongue lizard | æƀære | æbære |
| 70 | mosquito | aƀuŋe | aƀuŋe |
| 71 | sugar-bag | pïŋgïlǰa | puŋgudluʔ |
| 72 | camp | dædæ | dædær |
| 73 | black | čipma | čipma |
| 74 | white | bwimaŋgare | boymæm |
| 75 | red | ᵽïlᵽïlŋïne | pïlbïlŋïne |
| 76 | one | wokumæ | wuŋguwæ |
| 77 | two | fagare | wagare |
| 78 | when? | æčæ | æčæ |
| 79 | what? | čagane | čagane |
| 80 | who? | kænæ | kænæ |
| 81 | I | ŋaie | ŋaie |
| 82 | you | ɲiɲi | ɲiɲi |
| 83 | he | næm | næm |
| 84 | grass | wurɔ | wuR |
| 85 | vegetable food | meye | miye |
| 86 | tree | yæwɛR | yawuR |
| 87 | leaf | merïŋge | mirïŋge |
| 88 | pandanus | yærïge | yærge |
| 89 | ironwood | mawuɲ | mawuɲ |
| 90 | ripe | mibin | mibin |
| 91 | good | yubɔ | yubɔ |
| 92 | bad | wulæk | wulæk |
| 93 | blind | palakɲim | tarawɔrɔ |
| 94 | deaf | ŋamama | waŋamama |
| 95 | saliva | čarawɔ | čæræwul |