Samyeong Daesa 사명대사 / 泗溟大師 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Title | bhikṣu |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 1544 (1544) |
| Died | 1610 (aged 65–66) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Buddhism |
| School | Korean Seon |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 임응규 |
| Hanja | 任應奎 |
| RR | Im Eunggyu |
| MR | Im Ŭnggyu |
| Art name | |
| Hangul | 사명, 송운, 종봉 |
| Hanja | 四溟, 松雲, 鍾峯 |
| RR | Samyeong, Songun, Jongbong |
| MR | Samyŏng, Songun, Chongbong |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hangul | 이환 |
| Hanja | 離幻 |
| RR | Ihwan |
| MR | Ihwan |
| Posthumous name | |
| Hangul | 자통홍제존자 |
| Hanja | 慈通弘濟尊者 |
| RR | Jatonghongjejonja |
| MR | Chat'onghongjejonja |
| Dharma name | |
| Hangul | 유정 |
| Hanja | 惟政 |
| RR | Yujeong |
| MR | Yujŏng |
Samyeongdang (1544–1610), also known by hisdharma nameYujeong, was aKorean Buddhist monk during theJoseon era. He is sometimes identified by hisart name,Song-un. He was born to a family of theIm clan inMiryang,Gyeongsang Province. After the deaths of his mother in 1558 and his father in 1559, he became a monk atJikjisa onHwangaksan inGimcheon.
In 1561, he passed theseon-gwa, the specializedgwageo (civil service examinations) forBuddhist monks. He corresponded with various scholars of the time including Pak Sa-am,Heo Hagok, andIm Baekho. In 1575, he was recommended as head of theSeon order, but refused and instead traveled toMyohyangsan. There he was instructed by preceptorHyujeong. He went on to pass three years atBodeoksa onMount Kumgang, and later traveled throughPalgongsan,Cheongnyangsan, andTaebaeksan.
With the start of theJapanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) in 1592, Yujeong joined his teacher Hyujeong'srighteous army of monks. After Hyujeong retired due to his age, Yujeong took over the leadership of the army. He led the army into battles atPyongyang andUiryeong County in 1592, set up mountain fortresses through Gyeongsang in 1594, and joined in battle again atUlsan andSuncheon.
In 1604, after the end of the war, he traveled to Japan onSeonjo of Joseon's orders to forge a peace accord withTokugawa Ieyasu, and returned with 3500 Koreans who had been taken prisoner. Yujeong's diplomatic missions established a resilient foundation for a series of major Joseon missions to Japan.[1]
After his death in 1610 onHaeinsa, Yujeong was enshrined in thePyochung Seowon inMiryang and atSuchungsa inNyongbyon. He continues to be remembered in modern times, with numerous statues and other memorials around Korea. He has been cited together withHyujeong as an example of a "patriotic-minded" Buddhist by the North Korean Buddhist Federation.[2] Yujeong's writings are preserved in theSamyeongjip (Korean: 사명대사집;Hanja: 四溟大師集) andBunchungseo Nallok (Korean: 분충서난록;Hanja: 奮忠紓難錄).
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