| Annular eclipse | |
 | |
 Map | |
| Gamma | −0.7709 |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 0.9447 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 384 s (6 min 24 s) |
| Coordinates | 29°00′S132°24′E / 29°S 132.4°E /-29; 132.4 |
| Max. width of band | 313 km (194 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 2:06:10 |
| References | |
| Saros | 144 (11 of 70) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9318 |
An annularsolar eclipse occurred at the Moon'sdescending node of orbit on Sunday, July 30, 1916,[1][2][3] with amagnitude of 0.9447. Asolar eclipse occurs when theMoon passes betweenEarth and theSun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon'sapparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like anannulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring 1.75 days afterapogee (on July 28, 1916, at 8:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[4]
Annularity was visible from only one country,Australia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts ofSoutheast Asia,Australia,Oceania, andAntarctica.
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[5]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1916 July 29 at 23:25:03.9 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1916 July 30 at 00:47:30.3 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1916 July 30 at 00:50:59.3 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1916 July 30 at 00:54:34.2 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1916 July 30 at 01:57:38.0 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1916 July 30 at 02:06:10.4 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1916 July 30 at 02:15:15.4 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1916 July 30 at 02:39:41.5 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1916 July 30 at 03:17:25.6 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1916 July 30 at 03:21:00.0 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1916 July 30 at 03:24:28.3 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1916 July 30 at 04:47:01.1 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.94470 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.89247 |
| Gamma | –0.77095 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 08h35m48.5s |
| Sun Declination | +18°38'31.7" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'45.3" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 08h34m48.1s |
| Moon Declination | +17°59'27.9" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'44.7" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°54'06.8" |
| ΔT | 18.7 s |
This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight.
| July 15 Ascending node (full moon) | July 30 Descending node (new moon) |
|---|---|
 | |
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 118 | Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 144 |
This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[6]
The partial solar eclipses onApril 6, 1913 andSeptember 30, 1913 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the solar eclipses onDecember 24, 1916 (partial),June 19, 1917 (partial), andDecember 14, 1917 (annular) occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1913 to 1917 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 114 | August 31, 1913 Partial | 1.4512 | 119 | February 25, 1914 Annular | −0.9416 | |
| 124 | August 21, 1914 Total | 0.7655 | 129 | February 14, 1915 Annular | −0.2024 | |
| 134 | August 10, 1915 Annular | 0.0124 | 139.png) | February 3, 1916 Total | 0.4987 | |
| 144 | July 30, 1916 Annular | −0.7709 | 149 | January 23, 1917 Partial | 1.1508 | |
| 154 | July 19, 1917 Partial | −1.5101 | ||||
This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 144, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 11, 1736. It contains annular eclipses from July 7, 1880 through August 27, 2565. There are no hybrid or total eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on May 5, 2980. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 51 at 9 minutes, 52 seconds on December 29, 2168. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sdescending node of orbit.[7]
| Series members 5–26 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 5 | 6 | 7 |
 May 25, 1808 |  June 5, 1826 |  June 16, 1844 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 |
 June 27, 1862 |  July 7, 1880 |  July 18, 1898 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 |
July 30, 1916 |  August 10, 1934 |  August 20, 1952 |
| 14 | 15 | 16 |
 August 31, 1970 |  September 11, 1988 |  September 22, 2006 |
| 17 | 18 | 19 |
 October 2, 2024 |  October 14, 2042 |  October 24, 2060 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 |
 November 4, 2078 |  November 15, 2096 |  November 27, 2114 |
| 23 | 24 | 25 |
 December 7, 2132 |  December 19, 2150 |  December 29, 2168 |
| 26 | ||
 January 9, 2187 | ||
Themetonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
| 22 eclipse events between March 5, 1848 and July 30, 1935 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 5–6 | December 22–24 | October 9–11 | July 29–30 | May 17–18 |
| 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 |
 March 5, 1848 |  July 29, 1859 |  May 17, 1863 | ||
| 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
 March 6, 1867 |  December 22, 1870 |  October 10, 1874 |  July 29, 1878 |  May 17, 1882 |
| 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 | 136 |
 March 5, 1886 |  December 22, 1889 |  October 9, 1893 |  July 29, 1897 |  May 18, 1901 |
| 138 | 140 | 142 | 144 | 146 |
 March 6, 1905 |  December 23, 1908 |  October 10, 1912 | July 30, 1916 |  May 18, 1920 |
| 148 | 150 | 152 | 154 | |
 March 5, 1924 |  December 24, 1927 |  October 11, 1931 |  July 30, 1935 | |
This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
The partial solar eclipses on November 16, 2134 (part of Saros 164) and October 16, 2145 (part of Saros 165) are also a part of this series but are not included in the table below.
| Series members between 1801 and 2069 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 June 6, 1807 (Saros 134) |  May 5, 1818 (Saros 135) |  April 3, 1829 (Saros 136) |  March 4, 1840 (Saros 137) |  February 1, 1851 (Saros 138) |
 December 31, 1861 (Saros 139) |  November 30, 1872 (Saros 140) |  October 30, 1883 (Saros 141) |  September 29, 1894 (Saros 142) |  August 30, 1905 (Saros 143) |
July 30, 1916 (Saros 144) |  June 29, 1927 (Saros 145) |  May 29, 1938 (Saros 146) |  April 28, 1949 (Saros 147) |  March 27, 1960 (Saros 148) |
 February 25, 1971 (Saros 149) |  January 25, 1982 (Saros 150) |  December 24, 1992 (Saros 151) |  November 23, 2003 (Saros 152) |  October 23, 2014 (Saros 153) |
 September 21, 2025 (Saros 154) |  August 21, 2036 (Saros 155) |  July 22, 2047 (Saros 156) |  June 21, 2058 (Saros 157) |  May 20, 2069 (Saros 158) |
This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 September 28, 1829 (Saros 141) |  September 7, 1858 (Saros 142) |  August 19, 1887 (Saros 143) |
July 30, 1916 (Saros 144) |  July 9, 1945 (Saros 145) |  June 20, 1974 (Saros 146) |
 May 31, 2003 (Saros 147) |  May 9, 2032 (Saros 148) |  April 20, 2061 (Saros 149) |
 March 31, 2090 (Saros 150) |  March 11, 2119 (Saros 151) |  February 19, 2148 (Saros 152) |
 January 29, 2177 (Saros 153) | ||
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