| Hybrid eclipse | |
 Totality inTimor-Leste | |
 Map | |
| Gamma | −0.3952 |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 1.0132 |
| Maximum eclipse | |
| Duration | 76 s (1 min 16 s) |
| Coordinates | 9°36′S125°48′E / 9.6°S 125.8°E /-9.6; 125.8 |
| Max. width of band | 49 km (30 mi) |
| Times (UTC) | |
| Greatest eclipse | 4:17:56 |
| References | |
| Saros | 129 (52 of 80) |
| Catalog # (SE5000) | 9559 |
A totalsolar eclipse occurred at the Moon’sascending node of orbit on Thursday, April 20, 2023,[1] with amagnitude of 1.0132. It was a hybrid event, a narrow total eclipse, and beginning and ending as an annular eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun thereby totally or partly obscuring the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A hybrid solar eclipse is a rare type of solar eclipse that changes its appearance from annular to total and back as the Moon's shadow moves across the Earth's surface.[2] Totality occurs between the annularity paths across the surface of the Earth, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.[3] Hybrid solar eclipses are extremely rare, occurring in only 3.1% of solar eclipses in the 21st century.[4] Occurring about 4.1 days afterperigee (on April 16, 2023, at 3:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[5][6]
Totality for this eclipse was visible in theNorth West Cape peninsula andBarrow Island inWestern Australia, eastern parts ofEast Timor, as well asDamar Island and parts of the province ofPapua inIndonesia.[7] A partial eclipse was visible for parts ofAntarctica,Australia,Oceania, andSoutheast Asia. More than 20,000 people watched the eclipse from the town ofExmouth on Western Australia's North West Cape.[8] Providing infrastructure and services for the visitors (Exmouth's normal population is less than 3,000) cost theState Government of Western Australia A$20 million (US$13.5 million). The date marked a significant moment of astrotourism and tourism in Western Australia.[9]
| Country or territory | City or place | Start of partial eclipse | Start of total eclipse | Maximum eclipse | End of total eclipse | End of partial eclipse | Duration of totality (min:s) | Duration of eclipse (hr:min) | Maximum magnitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Australia | Exmouth | 10:04:29 | 11:29:45 | 11:30:13 | 11:30:41 | 13:02:29 | 0:56 | 2:58 | 1.0035 |
| References:[1] | |||||||||
| Country or territory | City or place | Start of partial eclipse | Maximum eclipse | End of partial eclipse | Duration of eclipse (hr:min) | Maximum coverage | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands | Île Amsterdam | 06:34:39 | 07:37:48 | 08:46:59 | 2:12 | 75.28% | |||
| French Southern and Antarctic Lands | Port-aux-Français | 07:07:05 (sunrise) | 07:38:51 | 08:44:33 | 1:37 | 91.27% | |||
| Australia | Perth | 09:59:58 | 11:20:27 | 12:46:29 | 2:47 | 70.77% | |||
 Christmas Island | Flying Fish Cove | 09:17:46 | 10:34:54 | 11:58:24 | 2:41 | 46.40% | |||
 Indonesia | Jakarta | 09:29:31 | 10:45:20 | 12:06:33 | 2:37 | 38.78% | |||
| Indonesia | Denpasar | 10:28:32 | 11:56:24 | 13:28:51 | 3:00 | 68.68% | |||
| Indonesia | Makassar | 10:41:28 | 12:12:20 | 13:45:33 | 3:04 | 71.58% | |||
 Timor-Leste | Dili | 11:43:24 | 13:18:26 | 14:53:41 | 3:10 | 97.95% | |||
| Australia | Darwin | 12:17:36 | 13:52:23 | 15:25:25 | 3:08 | 80.74% | |||
 Brunei | Bandar Seri Begawan | 11:06:53 | 12:24:33 | 13:43:40 | 2:37 | 33.77% | |||
 Philippines | General Santos | 11:19:06 | 12:47:40 | 14:13:37 | 2:55 | 55.65% | |||
| Philippines | Davao City | 11:22:30 | 12:50:22 | 14:15:20 | 2:53 | 53.88% | |||
| Indonesia | Manokwari | 12:16:50 | 13:53:18 | 15:23:24 | 3:07 | 96.46% | |||
| Philippines | Manila | 11:44:21 | 12:54:52 | 14:03:53 | 2:20 | 23.73% | |||
 Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | 13:37:38 | 15:06:31 | 16:25:34 | 2:48 | 59.34% | |||
 Palau | Ngerulmud | 12:37:42 | 14:09:12 | 15:33:31 | 2:56 | 70.84% | |||
 Samoa | Apia | 17:45:14 | 18:15:34 | 18:18:10 (sunset) | 0:33 | 27.20% | |||
 Vanuatu | Port Vila | 15:24:31 | 16:27:16 | 17:23:13 | 1:59 | 29.04% | |||
 Solomon Islands | Honiara | 15:12:05 | 16:29:23 | 17:36:44 | 2:25 | 51.13% | |||
 Wallis and Futuna | Mata Utu | 16:43:21 | 17:33:57 | 17:36:12 (sunset) | 0:53 | 43.75% | |||
 Guam | Hagåtña | 14:10:57 | 15:34:29 | 16:48:53 | 2:38 | 63.12% | |||
 Fiji | Suva | 16:37:28 | 17:34:49 | 17:53:40 (sunset) | 1:16 | 30.63% | |||
 Northern Mariana Islands | Saipan | 14:16:36 | 15:37:29 | 16:49:38 | 2:33 | 57.68% | |||
 United States Minor Outlying Islands | Baker Island | 16:50:36 | 17:45:25 | 17:48:28 (sunset) | 0:58 | 78.19% | |||
 Federated States of Micronesia | Palikir | 15:25:01 | 16:46:03 | 17:56:18 | 2:31 | 93.96% | |||
 Tuvalu | Funafuti | 16:42:14 | 17:46:49 | 17:58:41 (sunset) | 1:16 | 58.12% | |||
 Nauru | Yaren | 16:32:24 | 17:47:39 | 18:53:01 | 2:22 | 79.92% | |||
 Kiribati | Tarawa | 16:42:14 | 17:53:09 | 18:31:32 (sunset) | 1:49 | 89.13% | |||
 Marshall Islands | Majuro | 16:45:14 | 17:56:10 | 18:42:40 (sunset) | 1:57 | 90.44% | |||
| United States Minor Outlying Islands | Wake Island | 16:54:39 | 17:58:40 | 18:56:08 | 2:01 | 46.26% | |||
| References:[1] | |||||||||
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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[10]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 2023 April 20 at 01:35:34.3 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 2023 April 20 at 02:38:15.0 UTC |
| First Central Line | 2023 April 20 at 02:38:18.4 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 2023 April 20 at 02:38:21.7 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 2023 April 20 at 03:54:32.2 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 2023 April 20 at 03:56:44.7 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 2023 April 20 at 04:13:41.1 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 2023 April 20 at 04:17:26.8 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 2023 April 20 at 04:17:56.0 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 2023 April 20 at 04:41:47.9 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 2023 April 20 at 05:57:41.3 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 2023 April 20 at 05:57:47.4 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 2023 April 20 at 05:57:53.5 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 2023 April 20 at 07:00:31.9 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 1.01320 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 1.02657 |
| Gamma | −0.39515 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 01h51m01.7s |
| Sun Declination | +11°24'54.1" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'55.4" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.8" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 01h51m43.2s |
| Moon Declination | +11°04'16.7" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'53.6" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°58'19.9" |
| ΔT | 71.1 s |
This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight.
| April 20 Ascending node (new moon) | May 5 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
|  |
| Hybrid solar eclipse Solar Saros 129 | Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 141 |
| Solar eclipse series sets from 2022 to 2025 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
119 Partial inCTIO,Chile | April 30, 2022 Partial | −1.19008 | 124 Partial fromSaratov,Russia | October 25, 2022 Partial | 1.07014 | |
| 129 Totality inTimor-Leste | April 20, 2023 Hybrid | −0.39515 | 134 Annularity fromMexican Hat,Utah, USA | October 14, 2023 Annular | 0.37534 | |
139.jpg) Totality inDallas, TX, USA | April 8, 2024 Total | 0.34314 | 144 Annularity inSanta Cruz Province, Argentina | October 2, 2024 Annular | −0.35087 | |
149 Partial fromHalifax,Canada | March 29, 2025 Partial | 1.04053 | 154 | September 21, 2025 Partial | −1.06509 | |
This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 129, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 80 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on October 3, 1103. It contains annular eclipses from May 6, 1464 throughMarch 18, 1969; hybrid eclipses fromMarch 29, 1987 throughApril 20, 2023; and total eclipses fromApril 30, 2041 through July 26, 2185. The series ends at member 80 as a partial eclipse on February 21, 2528. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 34 at 5 minutes, 10 seconds on October 4, 1698, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 58 at 3 minutes, 43 seconds on June 25, 2131. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sascending node of orbit.[11]
| Series members 40–61 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 40 | 41 | 42 |
 December 10, 1806 |  December 20, 1824 |  December 31, 1842 |
| 43 | 44 | 45 |
 January 11, 1861 |  January 22, 1879 |  February 1, 1897 |
| 46 | 47 | 48 |
 February 14, 1915 |  February 24, 1933 |  March 7, 1951 |
| 49 | 50 | 51 |
 March 18, 1969 |  March 29, 1987 |  April 8, 2005 |
| 52 | 53 | 54 |
April 20, 2023 |  April 30, 2041 |  May 11, 2059 |
| 55 | 56 | 57 |
 May 22, 2077 |  June 2, 2095 |  June 13, 2113 |
| 58 | 59 | 60 |
 June 25, 2131 |  July 5, 2149 |  July 16, 2167 |
| 61 | ||
 July 26, 2185 | ||
Themetonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.
| 21 eclipse events between July 1, 2000 and July 1, 2076 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 1–2 | April 19–20 | February 5–7 | November 24–25 | September 12–13 |
| 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 |
 July 1, 2000 |  April 19, 2004 |  February 7, 2008 |  November 25, 2011 |  September 13, 2015 |
| 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
 July 2, 2019 | April 20, 2023 |  February 6, 2027 |  November 25, 2030 |  September 12, 2034 |
| 137 | 139 | 141 | 143 | 145 |
 July 2, 2038 |  April 20, 2042 |  February 5, 2046 |  November 25, 2049 |  September 12, 2053 |
| 147 | 149 | 151 | 153 | 155 |
 July 1, 2057 |  April 20, 2061 |  February 5, 2065 |  November 24, 2068 |  September 12, 2072 |
| 157 | ||||
 July 1, 2076 | ||||
This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 January 1, 1805 (Saros 109) |  October 31, 1826 (Saros 111) |  August 28, 1848 (Saros 113) | ||
 July 29, 1859 (Saros 114) |  June 28, 1870 (Saros 115) |  May 27, 1881 (Saros 116) |  April 26, 1892 (Saros 117) |  March 29, 1903 (Saros 118) |
 February 25, 1914 (Saros 119) |  January 24, 1925 (Saros 120) |  December 25, 1935 (Saros 121) |  November 23, 1946 (Saros 122) |  October 23, 1957 (Saros 123) |
 September 22, 1968 (Saros 124) |  August 22, 1979 (Saros 125) |  July 22, 1990 (Saros 126) |  June 21, 2001 (Saros 127) |  May 20, 2012 (Saros 128) |
April 20, 2023 (Saros 129) |  March 20, 2034 (Saros 130) |  February 16, 2045 (Saros 131) |  January 16, 2056 (Saros 132) |  December 17, 2066 (Saros 133) |
 November 15, 2077 (Saros 134) |  October 14, 2088 (Saros 135) |  September 14, 2099 (Saros 136) |  August 15, 2110 (Saros 137) |  July 14, 2121 (Saros 138) |
 June 13, 2132 (Saros 139) |  May 14, 2143 (Saros 140) |  April 12, 2154 (Saros 141) |  March 12, 2165 (Saros 142) |  February 10, 2176 (Saros 143) |
 January 9, 2187 (Saros 144) |  December 9, 2197 (Saros 145) | |||
This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | ||
|---|---|---|
 September 7, 1820 (Saros 122) |  August 18, 1849 (Saros 123) |  July 29, 1878 (Saros 124) |
 July 10, 1907 (Saros 125) |  June 19, 1936 (Saros 126) |  May 30, 1965 (Saros 127) |
 May 10, 1994 (Saros 128) | April 20, 2023 (Saros 129) |  March 30, 2052 (Saros 130) |
 March 10, 2081 (Saros 131) |  February 18, 2110 (Saros 132) |  January 30, 2139 (Saros 133) |
 January 10, 2168 (Saros 134) |  December 19, 2196 (Saros 135) | |
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