| Soap Lake | |
|---|---|
 View from the south shore of Soap Lake | |
  Soap Lake  Soap Lake | |
| Location | Grant County,Washington, United States |
| Coordinates | 47°24′18″N119°29′51″W / 47.405°N 119.4975°W /47.405; -119.4975 |
| Type | meromictic,saline |
| Basin countries | United States |
| Surface area | 2 sq mi (5.2 km2) |
| Max. depth | 70 ft (21 m) |
| Surface elevation | 1,079 ft (329 m)[1] |
Soap Lake is ameromicticsoda lake in the town ofSoap Lake, Washington formed by theMissoula Floods at the foot of theGrand Coulee. The lake gets its name from the naturally occurring foam that gives its water a soapy appearance, and because the lake's mineral-rich waters have a slick, soapy feel. The lake is approximately 2 square miles (5.2 km2) in area and 70 feet (21 m) deep.
Soap Lake's mineral-rich waters have long been thought to have medicinal value. In fact, it is said that rival native tribes would call a truce when they came to Soap Lake to relax and heal themselves and their animals. This is verified by recorded history and the number of Native American artifacts found in the area over the years. Washington State tourist guides in the 1920s referred to Soap Lake as the "world's greatest mineral sea"[2] and people afflicted withBuerger's disease said that bathing in the lake cured their illness.[3] The city of Soap Lake bills itself as "Washington's Health Resort".[4]
There are 23 differentminerals in Soap Lake water. Water quality assays conducted since 1910 to test the mineral content of Soap Lake water have shown that the mineral content of the lake has declined. Although it is not known what causes the foam, its quantity has declined since the construction of canals linking Soap Lake to upstream lakes and theGrand Coulee Dam. It is now rare to see any foam except on windy days.
However, compared to the ocean and other known naturally occurring mineral resources in the world, Soap Lake still has the highest diverse mineral content of any body of water on the planet. Soap Lake water also containsichthyols, an oil-like substance sold over the counter in Europe to treat infections and abrasions. The ichthyol in Soap Lake water most likely come from decomposition of tiny brine-like red shrimp that flourish in the water from late spring to mid-summer. Like theDead Sea, the high mineral content of the lake makes the water very buoyant.
Thealkalinity of the lake is similar to that found on the moons ofJupiter. Because of this, in 2002 theNational Science Foundation awarded a grant to researchers fromCentral Washington University to study the lake to learn about the possibility oflife on Mars.[5]
| Element | Milligrams/Liter |
|---|---|
| Sodium | 5760 |
| Bicarbonate | 2480 |
| Sulfate | 2540 |
| Carbonate | 3840 |
| Chloride | 2290 |
| Potassium | 504 |
| Organicnitrogen | 0.9 |
| Fluoride | 7.2 |
| Ortho-phosphate | 6.3 |
| Nitrate | 0.7 |
| Calcium | 2.5 |
| Magnesium | 2.9 |
Less than 0.01 mg/L ofaluminum,iron,copper,rubidium,lithium,strontium,barium,chromium,lead,manganese,titanium,vanadium, andboron.
