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| Sky blue | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Common connotations | |
| boys,daylight,water,air,paleness | |
 Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #87CEEB |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (135, 206, 235) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (197°, 43%, 92%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (79, 46, 223°) |
| Source | X11 colour names |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very light greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Sky blue refers to a collection of shades comparable to that of a clear daytimesky.[1] Typically it is a shade ofcyan or lightteal, though some iterations are closer to lightazure orlight blue. The term (as "sky blew") is attested from 1681.[1] A 1585 translation ofNicolas de Nicolay's 1576Les navigations, peregrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie includes "the tulbant [turban] of the merchant must beskie coloured".[2]
Displayed at right is theweb coloursky blue.
| Celeste | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #B2FFFF |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (178, 255, 255) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (180°, 30%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (95, 38, 192°) |
| Source | S.Fantetti e C.Petracchi (2001). Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia. Zanichelli.ISBN 8808079953. |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very light bluish green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Celeste (Spanish:[θeˈleste,se-],Italian:[tʃeˈlɛste],English:/sɪˈlɛst/) is thecolloquial name for the paleturquoiseblue colour. The same word, meaning "of the sky", is used inSpanish,Portuguese andItalian for the colour.Etymologically, it is derived byLatin termcaelestis, that meansdel cielo in Italian.[3] There are two "conventional" colours denominated celeste, according to thecolour models. One is thepure Celeste, (HEX#B2FFFF;RGB 178,255,255)[4] which may be referred as the "true" celeste as it is traditionally or officially understood; inEnglish, it may also be referred to asItalian sky blue (blu cielo italiano)[5][6][7][8][9] andBianchi Green, referring toBianchi, the famous Italian company forbikes, the first in the history of vehicles, whose colour is characteristic.[10][11] TheJapanese equivalent is known assora iro ormizuiro, referring to the colour of the sky or its reflection on the sea.[12] The other one is also another conventional celeste (HEX #99cbff andRGB 153,203,255) containing 100% ofblue,[13][14] associated to a more generic colour of thesky and remembering a type of lightzenithal blue and the nextsky blue gradations.
Celeste, that is, thepure Celeste strictly speaking (HEX #B2FFFF;RGB 178,255,255)[4] from here on (and which can be thought as the "true" or "conventional" celeste), is agradation of thecyan[15][16][17] and acold colour.[18] It is the colour of thesky with optimalvisibility, when it is clear, perfectly or near-perfectly cloudless and sunny with an optimal quantity ofhumidity, absence or optimal quantity ofatmospheric dust,aerosol/particulates with a good or at least moderate AIQ (Air Quality Index),[19][20] absence ofmist,haze, resulting in a gooddiffusion of lightblue withoutsaturation, which causes the prevalence of thewhite or of thewarm colours ofsunrise andsunset; in these excellent conditions, it is possible to see Celeste and its variations[21][22][23][24] perpendicularly to theSun, toward thehorizon, where thesunlight is maximum as the sky is directly illuminated, and these shades merge with the golden light of solar rays and thewhite of the horizon, both in themorning andafternoon, or even across the entire region between thestar and the horizon, when thestar is high, relatively next to solar or truenoon.[25] In particular, in the warm seasons, with theinclination of ahemisphere with respect to theSun,[26][27][28][29] there are simultaneously the optimisation ofsunlight,daylight hours, and so thepure celeste might be visible in the entire region between thehorizon andSun both in themorning andafternoon; generally, the higher the Sun is during the day and the year, the less visible celeste and variations will be. In particular, they are most visible in the morning across theSun and thehorizon in the early hours with the rising of thestar, sometimes even until noon, until they are reduced to a few stripes on the horizon, where thecyan is more intense. In the afternoon, it is the opposite and thepure celeste and similar gradations could be widely visible between the Sun and horizon when the star is high, but starting to go down, that is especially in the early afternoon hours. Instead, in the cold season, with a low Sun andsunlight, thepure celeste may be visible only at the horizon, where thecyan is more intense for the maximumlight, but is more difficult to see because of the majorweather instability. Sincesunlight is strongest at thehorizon, that is where thepure celeste is more evident, producing thetonalities of thecyan, very close to thewhite.
Alternatively, other variants, likeCeleste polvere,Pallido andVelato, are visible towards the horizon when the Sun is near to the zenith, always with conditions for good visibility. In the afternoon, always with good conditions, these three types of celeste, together with softer and less bright shades of celeste, are visible at astraight angle from north to south, until aroundsunset.
In reality, it can be difficult to observe thepure celeste, being the colour of a clear day with optimal meteorological conditions; other shades of blue are often visible in the sky, asLight Sky Blue and similar gradations, among which is the other conventional celeste,[13] similar to the light blue sky colours rather than thepure celeste. One scientific explanation needs to be made: the Sun emitslight across the entireelectromagnetic spectrum[30][31] and so celeste, which is very close to thewhite with aRGB of 178,255,255, is very luminous, and so visible in the direction of the Sun because it is there the maximum quantity of solar light is present, especially towards the horizon, even if human eyes can only perceive thevisible light. Here celeste and variations are more visible in the warm seasons because of theinclination of ahemisphere with respect to theSun,[26][27][28][29] inspring and especiallysummer, with the optimisation of solar light, hours ofdaylight andmeteorological factors.
Being the gradation of near-perfectly sunny and clear sky, the colour of an ideal sky, it is difficult to seepure celeste, especially during the coldest or most unstable seasons; instead, generically the sky shows the colour of the other conventional celeste with 100% of blue, recalling a lightzenithal blue and the next other types ofsky blue;[13][14] this is not surprising due to thebest diffusion of the blue because of theRaylegh scattering.
Bleu celeste ("sky blue") is a rarely occurringtincture inheraldry (not being one of the seven main colours or metals or the three "staynard colours"). This tincture is sometimes also calledciel or simplyceleste. It is depicted in a lighter shade than the range of shades of the more traditional tinctureazure, which is the standard blue used in heraldry.[32]
The Italian Wikipedia citesIl dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia by S.Fantetti and C.Petracchi and describes multiple variants of celeste as shown below, plus details as defined in the infobox above.[33]
| colour | name | C | M | Y | K | R | G | B | HEX |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| celeste (sky blue, heavenly blue, Italian sky blue, bianchi green) | 030 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 178 | 255 | 255 | B2FFFF | |
| celeste polvere powdery | 010 | 000 | 000 | 000 | 230 | 255 | 255 | E6FFFF | |
| celeste pallido (pale) | 016 | 000 | 003 | 000 | 204 | 255 | 255 | CCFFFF | |
| celeste velato Veiler overcast | 020 | 010 | 010 | 000 | 204 | 230 | 230 | CCE6E6 | |
| celeste opaco opaque | 050 | 020 | 020 | 000 | 128 | 204 | 204 | 80CCCC |
| Light sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #87CEFA |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (135, 206, 250) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (203°, 46%, 98%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (80, 55, 233°) |
| Source | X11 color names |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the web colourlight sky blue. It is close in shade tobaby blue.
| Medium sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #80DAEB |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (128, 218, 235) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (190°, 46%, 92%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (82, 46, 210°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Very light greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colourmedium sky blue. This is the colour that is calledsky blue inCrayola crayons. This colour was formulated by Crayola in 1958.
"Sky blue" appears in the 32, 48, 64, 96 and 120 packs of crayons.
| Vivid sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00CCFF |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (0, 204, 255) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (192°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (76, 78, 226°) |
| Source | Crayola C.P. |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colourvivid sky blue.
| Deep sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00BFFF |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (0, 191, 255) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (195°, 100%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (73, 83, 234°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Deep sky blue is anazure-cyan colour associated with deep shade of sky blue.
Deep sky blue is aweb colour.
This is the colour on thecolour wheel (RGB/HSV colour wheel) halfway between azure and cyan.[34]
The colour name deep sky blue came into use with the formulisation of theX11 colour names over 1985–1989.
Thenormalised colour coordinates for deep sky blue are identical toCapri, which first came into use as a colour name in English in 1920.[35]
| French sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #77B5FE |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (119, 181, 254) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (212°, 53%, 100%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (72, 74, 247°) |
| Source | Pourpre.com |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
At right is displayed the colourFrench sky blue, which is the tone of sky blue that is calledsky blue (bleu ciel) in the Pourpre.com colour list, a colour list widely popular inFrance.
| Spanish sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #00AAE4 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (0, 170, 228) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (195°, 100%, 89%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (65, 75, 234°) |
| Source | Gallego and Sanz[36] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Brilliant greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Spanish sky blue is the colour that is calledceleste (theSpanish word for "sky blue") in theGuía de coloraciones (Guide to colourations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a colour dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in theHispanophone realm.
| Dark sky blue | |
|---|---|
| Colour coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #8CBED6 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (140, 190, 214) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (199°, 35%, 84%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (74, 36, 225°) |
| Source | [37] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Light greenish blue |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colourdark sky blue.
This is the colour calledsky blue inPantone.
The source of this colour is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" colour list, colour #14-4318 TPX—Sky Blue.[37]
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