Skrwilno | |
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Village | |
.jpg) Saint Anne church in Skrwilno | |
  Skrwilno | |
| Coordinates:53°1′N19°36′E / 53.017°N 19.600°E /53.017; 19.600 | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Rypin |
| Gmina | Skrwilno |
| Elevation | 125 m (410 ft) |
| Population (approx.) | |
• Total | 1,700 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | CRY |
| Website | http://www.skrwilno.lo.pl/ |
Skrwilno[ˈskrvilnɔ] is a village inRypin County,Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.[1] It is the seat of thegmina (administrative district) calledGmina Skrwilno.
Skrwilno dates back to theMiddle Ages, when it was a Polish stronghold. The stronghold was probably built by first historic Polish rulerMieszko I in the 10th century.[2]
During theSwedish invasion of Poland, in 1658, the Swedes murdered the local Polish priest Walerian Cząpski.[3]
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According to the1921 census, the village with the adjacent manor farm had a population of 957, 99.1%Polish.[4]
During theoccupation of Poland (World War II), Skrwilno was the site of large massacres of Poles from the region, including the towns ofRypin,Wąbrzeźno,Brodnica and the village of Skrwilno itself, perpetrated by the Germans between October 15 and November 15, 1939 (seeNazi crimes against the Polish nation).[5] Also Poles murdered in Rypin were buried in the village.[6] Several local teachers were also among Polish teachers from the county deceitfully gathered at a supposed formal meeting in Rypin and massacred there in November 1939.[7] In 1944, the Germans burned the bodies of the victims in attempt to cover up the massacre in Skrwilno.[5] The Germans also destroyed the historic palace.[2]
In 1961, a collection of gold and silvertableware, jewelry and pearls from the 16th and 17th century, was found at the medieval stronghold.[8] Named theSkrwilno Treasure [pl], it is considered one of the most valuable treasures found in Poland in the 20th century. The treasure belonged to Polish noblewoman Zofia Piwowa, who probably buried it during theSwedish invasion of Poland around 1655.[3] It is displayed at theDistrict Museum in Toruń.
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