| Traditional Danish card game | |
 The top trump in Skærvindsel | |
| Origin | Germany |
|---|---|
| Alternative names | Sjevinsel, Scharwenzel, Scherwenzel |
| Family | Plain-trick |
| Players | 4 |
| Cards | 28, formerly 36 |
| Deck | French pack |
| Play | Clockwise |
| Related games | |
| Schafkopf • Scharwenzel • Sjavs | |
| Clubs aspreference suit | |
Skærvindsel is a Danishcard game for four players that is a member of theSchafkopf family. Today it is mostly played inJutland and is therefore often spelledSjervinsel, but was previously widespread throughout Denmark. It was the first Danish game where the winner of theauction, thedeclarer, could choose a partner by calling anAce. This principle has since been transferred toCall-Ace Whist (Esmakkerwhist).
Skærvindsel came to Denmark over 200 years ago and is probably a Danish version of the oldBohemian game ofScharwenzel which spread to Denmark during theNapoleonic Wars.[1] Scherwenzel was certainly played in harbour town ofPorsgrunn in southern Norway, in 1790 and is known inDenmark from around 1800.[2]
Skærvindsel was the first ordinary card game in Denmark where one choose a partner by calling an Ace. It was popular in Denmark until around 1950.[1]
The game is still regularly played, for example, at Nyvang nearHolbæk.[3]
The Danish Ordbog gives the following spelling variations for the game: Scherwenzel, Scharwenzel, Skavendsel, Skærvensel, Skervensel, Skærvindsel, Skærvinsel, Skevensel, Skevinsel, Sjervensel, Sjervinsel, Servensel, Sevensel, Servinsel, Sevinsel.[4] The game is also known asJutish Whist because it is similar to Whist and is still played inJutland.[1]
To win the auction, choose thetrump suit, and then take at least 4tricks either alone or with a partner. The declarer decides the trump suit (except in aMalør) and calls an Ace he doesn't have to choose a partner. The partner must play the called Ace the first time its suit is played.
Skærvindsel used to be played with 36 cards ranking from 6 to Ace, but today it is usually played with ashortened pack of only 28 cards[1][2] – 7s + 9s to Aces – and sometimes with even fewer cards. In Danish packs, the Aces are marked with an "E" (Es), Queens with a "D" and Jacks with a "Kn" (Knave). There are 12 trumps in thered suits and 11 in theblack suits. The trumps rank in descending order as follows:♣Q, 7,♠Q,♣J,♠J,♥J and♦J, A, K, (Q), 10, 9.[2]
The 7 highest trumps (from the♣Q down to and including♦J) are called matadors if the declarer and, in a partnership game, the partner have an unbroken sequence (1-7) of these trumps from the top. For example, if the declarer and partner have between them the♣Q, trump 7,♠Q,♠J and trump A, they have 3 matadors, while with the trump 7,♠Q,♣J,♠J,♥J and♦J no matadors are reckoned.
If the opponents have a sequence of trumps from the top, they are not called matadors.
Thedealer deals 7 cards each in 3 rounds.[2]
Forehand opens thebidding by passing or naming one of the followingcontracts. Players then call in turn; they may only make one bid and must overcall all earlier bids or pass. The contracts in ascending order are:
In addition, the declarer's team (or declarer alone in aSolo) may announce aTout which is an undertaking to take all the tricks. This may be announced during play, but no later than after the play to the second trick. ATout may also be announced by saying "I'm/We're playing through" (at spille igennem) or "A through player" (en gennemspiller). In northJutland they say "We're playing tojan everything" (A spiller ijannem!).
Forehand leads to the first trick and the winner of a trick leads to the next one. Players mustfollow suit if able; otherwise may trump or discard. Because trumps are the declarer's long suit, theside suits are of minor importance.When the declaring side or the opponent have taken 4 tricks, the game is over. However, in partnership games, the declarer's partner must always have been revealed by playing the called Ace before the game can be confirmed as over. If the winners take the first 4 tricks in a row, the opponents are "janned" (they areJan), which costs extra.It is thus irrelevant whether, for example, the declarer won the auction with a bid of "2" or a "6". Four tricks must be taken to win. An exception is occurs when aTout is announced. In this case all 7 tricks must be taken by the declaring side or the game is lost.
The losers pay the winning player(s) according to the following rules and tariffs:
Simple win: 2jetons (2øre in former times)Win withJan: plus 2 jetons. Win if Clubs are trumps: x 2Each matador held: 1 jeton
The highest payout for a game is thus 15 jetons (øre) for a win with Clubs, 7 matadors, game andJan (Spil og Jan).
If the declarer loses, the payout is doubled, but the opponents do not receive anything for matadors.
The largest payout for a lost game is 16 jetons for losing with Clubs, where the opponents take the first 4 trick winning the game andJan. In a Solo, this increases to 3 x 16 = 48 jetons for a losing player.
