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Sixth Army (Ottoman Empire)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sixth Army
Sixth Army field HQ
ActiveSeptember 5, 1915[1]–February 9, 1919[2]
CountryOttoman Empire
TypeField Army
Garrison/HQBaghdad
PatronSultans of the Ottoman Empire
EngagementsMesopotamian campaign (World War I)
Commanders
Notable
commanders		MüşirGoltz Pasha (October 13, 1915[3]-April 19, 1916[4])
MirlivaHalil Pasha (April 19, 1916[4]-June 30, 1918[5])
MirlivaAli İhsan Pasha (June 30, 1918[5]-February 9, 1919[2])
Military unit

TheSixth Army of theOttoman Empire (Turkish:Altıncı Ordu) was one of thefield armies of theOttoman Army. It was formed in the middle 19th century during Ottoman military reforms.

Formations

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Order of Battle, 1877

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In 1877, it was stationed inBaghdad. It was composed of:

Order of Battle, 1908

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After theYoung Turk Revolution and the establishment of theSecond Constitutional Era on July 3, 1908, new government initiate a major military reform. Army headquarters were modernized. Its operational area wasMesopotamia. It commanded the following active divisions:[7] The Sixth Army also had inspectorate functions for fourRedif (reserve) divisions:[8][9]

  • Sixth Army
    • 11th Infantry Division (On Birinci Fırka)
    • 12th Infantry Division (On İkinci Fırka)
    • 6th Infantry Division (Altıncı Fırka)
    • 15th Artillery Brigade (On Beşinci Topçu Tugayı)
  • Redif divisions of the Sixth Army (name of the division denotes its location)
    • 21stBaghdad Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Birinci Bağdad Redif Fırkası)
    • 22ndBasra Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi İkinci Basra Redif Fırkası)
    • 23rdKelkit Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Üçüncü Kelkit Redif Fırkası)
    • 24thMusul Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Dördüncü Musul Redif Fırkası)

World War I

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Order of Battle, August 1914

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In August 1914, the army was structured as follows:[10]

Order of Battle, Late April 1915

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In late April 1915, the army was structured as follows:[11]

  • Sixth Army
    • 35th Division
    • Provisional Infantry Division

Order of Battle, Late Summer 1915

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In late Summer 1915, the army was structured as follows:[12]

Order of Battle, January 1916

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In January 1916, the army was structured as follows:[13]

Order of Battle, August 1916

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In August 1916, the army was structured as follows:[14]

Order of Battle, December 1916

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In December 1916, the army was structured as follows:[15]

  • XIII Corps
    • 2nd Division, 4th Division, 6th Division
  • XVIII Corps
    • 45th Division, 51st Division, 52nd Infantry Division

Order of Battle, August 1917, January 1918, June 1918

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In August 1917, January, June 1918, the army was structured as follows:[16]

Order of Battle, September 1918

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In September 1918, the army was structured as follows:[17]

After Mudros

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Order of Battle, November 1918

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In November 1918, the army was structured as follows:[18]

Sources

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  1. ^David Nicolle, colour plates by Rafaelle Ruggeri,The Ottoman Army 1914-18, Men-at-Arms 269, Ospray Publishing Ltd., 1994,ISBN 1-85532-412-1, p. 14.
  2. ^abZekeriya Türkmen,Mütareke Döneminde Ordunun Durumu ve Yeniden Yapılanması (1918–1920), Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2001,ISBN 975-16-1372-8, p. 44.(in Turkish)
  3. ^Orhan Avcı,Irak'ta Türk Ordusu (1914-1918), Vadi Yayınları, 2004,ISBN 975-6768-51-7, p. 29.(in Turkish)
  4. ^abOrhan Avcı,Irak'ta Türk Ordusu (1914-1918), Vadi Yayınları, 2004,ISBN 975-6768-51-7, p. 30.(in Turkish)
  5. ^abT.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları,Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genelkurmay Basım Evi, 1972, p. 145.(in Turkish)
  6. ^abcdIan Drury, Illustrated by Raffaele Ruggeri,The Russo-Turkish War 1877, Men-at-Arms 277, Ospray Publishing Ltd., Reprinted 1999,ISBN 1-85532-371-0, p. 35.
  7. ^Edward J. Erickson,Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912-1913, Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003, p. 17.
  8. ^Edward J. Erickson,Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912-1913, Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 19.
  9. ^T.C. Genelkurmay Başkanlığı,Balkan Harbi, 1912–1913: Harbin Sebepleri, Askerî Hazırlıklar ve Osmanlı Devletinin Harbe Girişi, Genelkurmay Basımevi, 1970, pp. 87-90.(in Turkish)
  10. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 38.
  11. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 86.
  12. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 109.
  13. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 126.
  14. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 134.
  15. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 154.
  16. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 170, 181, 188.
  17. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 197.
  18. ^Edward J. Erickson,Order to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood Press, 2001,ISBN 0-313-31516-7, p. 202.

External links

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Army groups
Armies
Corps
Fortified areas
Infantry divisions
Other divisions
Others
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