| Siwe-Palar-Khuppak | |
|---|---|
| Sukkalmah Sukkal ofSusa | |
| King of Elam | |
| Reign | c. 1778 – c. 1745 BC |
| Predecessor | Shimut-wartash I |
| Successor | Kuduzulush I |
| Dynasty | Sukkalmah |
| Father | Shirukduh |
Siwe-Palar-Khuppak was anElamite Grand Regent (Elamite:Sukkalmah) from around 1778 to 1745 B.C.E.[1] As the ruler of Elam during this portion of the Middle Bronze Age, Siwe-Palar-Khuppak was quite involved in the politics of theancient Near East, and he forged strong relationships with the powers of Mesopotamia, includingBabylon.
Siwe-Palar-Khuppak was one of the most important of Elam's rulers called Sukkalmahs. His father,Shirukduh, was a prominent Sukkalmah who had a vigorous foreign policy. Siwe-Palar-Khuppak was the second of three sons of Shirukduh. His brothersShimut-wartash I andKuduzulush I held high positions in Elamite government.
Around 1767 B.C.E, Siwe-Palar-Khuppak formed a coalition withZimri-Lim ofMari andHammurabi of Babylon. He led this coalition againstEshnunna, conquering it and imposed direct rule from hissukkalKudu-zulush inSusa.[2] This coalition turned against him as he attempted to expand his power intoBabylon.Hammurabi, allied withZimri-Lim, expelled theElamite's forces from Eshnunna[2] One of his generals wasKunnam of Elam who appears in many letters found at Mari.
In a clay tablet, Siwe-Palar-Khuppak refers to himself as "Governor of Elam" and "Enlarger of the Empire". It is speculated that the tablet was made after Siwe-Palar-Khuppak's defeat by Hammurabi's coalition, and that the title "Enlarger of the Empire" refers to conquests made to west in modern Iran to offset his defeat.[1] This hypothesis is supported by the fact that a twelfth-century document lists Siwe-Palar-Khuppak as one of Elam's great men.
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