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Sikka language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromSika language)
Austronesian language spoken in Flores, Indonesia
Sikka
Native toIndonesia
RegionFlores
EthnicitySikka
Native speakers
(180,000 cited 1995)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3ski
Glottologsika1262

TheSikka language orSikkanese, also known as Sika,[2] is spoken by around 180,000 people of theSikaethnic group onFlores island inEast Nusa Tenggara province,Indonesia. It is a member of theCentral Malayo-Polynesian branch of theAustronesian language family.

Sikka is notable for being one of the few languages which contain a non-allophoniclabiodental flap. Like many other languages in eastern Indonesia, it shows evidence of having aPapuan (non-Austronesian)substratum, but in the case of Sika, this includes extreme morphological simplification and about 20% lexical replacement in basic vocabulary. It has been hypothesized that the Austronesian languages in that area could be descendants of a creole language, resulting from the intrusion of Austronesian languages into eastern Indonesia.[3]

Sika has at least three recognized dialects:

  • Sikka Natar, which is generally perceived in the region to be the most refined and most prestigious of the Sika speech varieties.
  • Sara Krowe, spoken in the central hills of Sika-speaking people.
  • Ata Tana 'Ai orSara Tana 'Ai, used by both outsiders and insiders to refer to the people and language of the region; it is also used as aritual language.[2]

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]

Sika has the following consonant phonemes:[2]

BilabialDentalPalatalVelarGlottal
PlosiveVoicelessptkʔ
Voicedbdg
FricativeVoicelesssh
Voicedβ
Affricated͡ʒ
Nasalmnŋ
Laterall
Trillr

Vowels

[edit]

Sika has the following vowel phonemes:[2]

FrontCentralBack
Highiu
Mideəo
Lowa

References

[edit]
  1. ^Sikka atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^abcdLewis, Ε. D.; Grimes, Charles E. (1995). "Sika". In Tryon, Darrell T. (ed.).Comparative Austronesian Dictionary: An Introduction to Austronesian Studies. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.ISBN 3-1108-8401-1.
  3. ^Gil, David (2015). "The Mekong-Mamberamo linguistic area". In N. J. Enfield; Bernard Comrie (eds.).Languages of Mainland Southeast Asia: The State of the Art. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 334.ISBN 978-1-5015-0168-5.
Aru
Central Maluku *
West
East
Nunusaku
Piru Bay ?
Flores–Lembata
Lamaholot
Kei–Tanimbar ?
Sumba–Flores
Sumba–Hawu
Savu
Sumba
Western Flores
Timoric *
Babar
Central Timor *
Kawaimina
Luangic–Kisaric ?
Rote–Meto
TNS
Wetar–Galoli ?
Others
  • * indicates proposed status
  • ? indicates classification dispute
  • † indicatesextinct status
Official language
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Ibanic
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West Bird's Head
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West Bomberai
Dani
Paniai Lakes
Digul River
Foja Range
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East Cenderawasih Bay
Yawa
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Ok
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Bulaka River
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† indicateextinct languages


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