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Siege of Galway 1651–1652
Part of theCromwellian conquest of Ireland
The heavily fortified city of Galway in 1651
Date August 1651 – 12 May 1652[1] (9 months) Location Galway, Ireland Result Parliamentarian victory
Belligerents
Irish Confederation	Parliamentarians
Commanders and leaders
Thomas Preston	Charles Coote
Strength
2,000 soldiers	6,000–7,000 soldiers

Galway

Belfast

Dublin

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Ireland and Galway

Thesiege ofGalway took place from August 1651 to 12 May 1652 during theCromwellian conquest of Ireland. Galway was the last city held by Irish Catholic forces in Ireland and its fall signalled the end to most organised resistance to the Parliamentarian conquest of the country.

The English Parliamentarians were commanded byCharles Coote, an English settler who had commanded Parliamentarian forces in the northwest of Ireland throughout theIrish Confederate Wars. Galway was garrisoned byIrish Confederate soldiers underThomas Preston, many of whom had reached the city after an unsuccessful defence ofWaterford.

The citizens of Galway had paid for extensive modernbastioned defences during the 1640s and the city was very difficult to assault, given that it was surrounded byGalway Bay on its south side,Lough Corrib to its northwest and Lough Atalia to its east. As a result any assault would be confined to a narrow corridor to the north of the town, allowing the defenders to concentrate their fire. Coote was aware of this, and, after he arrived at Galway in August 1651, he decided to blockade the city rather than to attack it directly. He laid out his siege lines between Lough Atalia and Lough Corrib and stationed a Parliamentary fleet in Galway Bay to cut off supplies or reinforcement from reaching the city. However, Galway remained open to the west and Irish general Richard Farrell was quartered inConnemara with 3,000 more troops.^{[citation needed]}

In November 1651, after the fall ofLimerick, Henry Ireton, the Parliamentarian commander in Ireland, decided to make the capture of Galway the main priority for his forces. As a result, he reinforced Coote and tightened the blockade on Galway. The siege dragged on for seven more months before Galway capitulated.Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, who was nominally the supreme commander of the Irish Catholic forces, tried to assemble an army atJamestownCounty Leitrim to relieve Galway, but few of the demoralised Irish force around the country responded to his order. In March, a conference of Irish officers in Galway, including Clanricarde, decided to begin negotiations for terms of surrender.^{[citation needed]}

Thomas Preston, the military governor of Galway, eventually agreed to surrender the city on 12 May 1652. His position had become impossible due to food shortages and an outbreak of bubonic plague in Galway. Coote agreed to let Preston leave Ireland with most of his troops and enter the Spanish service. The lives and property of the citizens of Galway was respected by the Parliamentarians for the most part, but the Catholic merchant families of the city, the "Tribes of Galway," had to pay heavy fines and were excluded from the municipal government of Galway.^[2]

For other sieges of Galway, seeSieges of Galway

• Bagwell, Richard (1909).Ireland under the Stuarts and under the Interregnum. Vol. 2. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
• Duffy, Eamonn (1984). "The Siege and Surrender of Galway 1651-1652".Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society.39:115–142.JSTOR 25535533.

• Lenihan, Padraig (2001).Confederate Catholics at War. Cork: Cork University Press.ISBN 978-1859182444.
• Wheeler, James Scott (2000).Cromwell in Ireland. Palgrave Macmillan.ISBN 978-0312225506.

• 1651 in Ireland
• 1652 in Ireland
• Conflicts in 1651
• Conflicts in 1652
• Sieges of the Irish Confederate Wars
• Sieges of Galway
• Cromwellian conquest of Ireland

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