| Sida | |
|---|---|
 | |
| ʻIlima (Sida fallax) | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Subfamily: | Malvoideae |
| Tribe: | Malveae |
| Genus: | Sida L.[1] |
| Species | |
98-200+, see text | |
| Synonyms | |
Pseudomalachra(K.Schum.) Monteiro | |
Sida is agenus offlowering plants in the mallow family,Malvaceae. They are distributed intropical andsubtropical regions worldwide,[2] especially in the Americas.[3] Plants of the genus may be known generally asfanpetals[1] orsidas.[4]
These are annual or perennial herbs orshrubs growing up to 2m tall (6 feet). Most species have hairy herbage. The leaf blades are usually unlobed with serrated edges, but may be divided into lobes. They are borne onpetioles and havestipules. Flowers are solitary or arranged ininflorescences of various forms. Each has five hairysepals and five petals in shades of yellow, orange, or white. There are manystamens and astyle divided into several branches. The fruit is a disc-shapedschizocarp up to 2 cm (3/4 inch) wide which is divided into five to 12 sections, each containing one seed. The pollens are spherical in shape.
ManySida are attractive tobutterflies andmoths. Arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia), for example, is alarval host for the tropical checkered skipper (Pyrgus oileus).[5]
TheSida golden mosaic virus andSida golden yellow vein virus have been first isolated fromSida species; the former specifically fromSida santaremensis.
The genus nameSida is from theGreek for "pomegranate or water lily".[4]Carl Linnaeus adopted the name from the writings ofTheophrastus.[3]
Sida has historically been awastebasket taxon, including many plants that simply did not fit into other genera of the Malvaceae. Species have been continually reclassified.[2] Thecircumscription ofSida is still unclear, with no real agreement regarding how many species belong there. Over 1000 names have been placed in the genus, and many authorities accept about 150 to 250 valid names today.[2] Some sources accept as few as 98 species.[6] There are many plants recognized asSida that have not yet been described to science.[7]
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Species now in other genera include:[8]
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