56°20′N 44°00′E / 56.333°N 44.000°E /56.333; 44.000
The World FirstMembrane roof and steelgridshell in theRotunda byVladimir Shukhov ,Nizhny Novgorod , 1895 Rotunda and rectangular pavilion byVladimir Shukhov ,Nizhny Novgorod , 1896 Rotunda byShukhov ,Nizhny Novgorod , 1896 ShukhovRotunda was a round exhibition pavilion built forAll-Russia Exhibition 1896 inNizhny Novgorod ,Russia . It was built in 1896 with adiagrid hanging cover (tensilegridshell –diagrid roof ,Russian Empire patent No. 1894, dated March 12, 1899) and was the world's firstHyperboloid structure (in the center of the Rotunda). It is named afterVladimir Shukhov , who designed it in 1895.[ 1]
The Rotunda was 16 metres (52 ft) high with a diameter of 68 metres (223 ft). The diameter of the steelmembrane was 25 metres (82 ft).
The rotunda was subsequently moved toYessentuki and demolished in the 1980s.[ 2]
"The Nijni-Novgorod exhibition: Water tower, room under construction, springing of 91 feet span","The Engineer" , № 19.3.1897, P.292-294, London, 1897. Brumfield, William Craft (1991).The Origins of Modernism in Russian Architecture ISBN 978-0-520-06929-9 Elizabeth C. English :“Arkhitektura i mnimosti”: The origins of Soviet avant-garde rationalist architecture in the Russian mystical-philosophical and mathematical intellectual tradition” , a dissertation in architecture, 264 p., University of Pennsylvania, 2000.Rotonda of the Panrussian Exposition (1896) atStructurae (in German)
Graefe, Rainer; Gappoev, Murat; Pertschi, Ottmar; Bach, Klaus; Auslandsbeziehungen, Institut für (1990).Vladimir G. Šuchov (in French). Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt.ISBN 978-3-421-02984-3 Picon, Antoine; Pompidou, Centre Georges (1997).Art de l'Ingenieur: Construction Entrepreneur Inventeur . Centre Georges Pompidou-Ircam.ISBN 978-2-85850-911-9 (in Italian) (in Russian)
Шухов В. Г.: Избранные труды, том 1, «Строительная механика», 192 стр., под ред. А. Ю. Ишлинского, Академия наук СССР, Москва, 1977. Грефе Р. и др.:«В. Г. Шухов (1853—1939). Искусство конструкции.» , «Мир», Москва, 1994,ISBN 978-5-03-002917-7 Шухова Е. М.: «Владимир Григорьевич Шухов. Первый инженер России.», 368 стр., Изд. МГТУ, Москва, 2003,ISBN 978-5-7038-2295-1 
