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InAncient India, ashreni (Sanskrit:श्रेणि,romanized: śreṇi orश्रेणीśreṇī,Prakrit:seni)[1] was an association of traders, merchants, and artisans. Generally, a separate shreni existed for a particular group of persons engaged in the same vocation or activity. Shrenis have sometimes been compared with theguilds.[according to whom?]
Well-documented references[citation needed] to the existing of shreni have been found from 5th century BC, and texts mention the existence of shrenis andconversion of entire members of some shrenis toBuddhism orJainism. Over a period of time, some shrenis became very wealthy with surplus resources, and acted as custodians andbankers of religious and otherendowments. One of the widely referred shreni was of ivory carvers ofVidisha (in the modernIndianstate ofMadhya Pradesh). This shreni is accredited with sponsoring and financially supporting the construction of the southern gateway of thestupa atSanchi, which is currently aWorld Heritage Site.
Some scholars[who?] have opined that as each economic activity and craft was having its specific traditions and trade secrets, shrenis were formed to protect the same, and fathers used to pass on the same to their sons, and so it continued from one generation to the next generation. Daughters were excluded from becoming the members of the shreni, as once married they went to their husbands’ homes, and were prone to divulge thetrade secrets to the families of their husbands.[citation needed]
Members were bound by guild-specificdharma. TheManusmriti stated "A king must inquire into the law of groups (jāti), of districts (ganapada), of guilds (shreni), and of families (kula)."[2]
a corporation or guild. Search for text "or guild" (without quotes).