| Shoshenq V | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 In the background, Shoshenq V standing in front of an Apis bull on a stela of his Year 37. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | c. 767–730 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Pami | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Osorkon IV orPedubast II | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Consort | Tadibast III? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | Osorkon IV? or Pedubast II? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Father | Pami | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | c. 730 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | 22nd Dynasty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aakheperre Shoshenq V was anancient Egyptianpharaoh of the late22nd Dynasty.
Despite having enjoyed one of the longest reigns of the entire dynasty – 38 years – and having left a fair amount of attestations, little is known about Shoshenq's life. His realm underwent an unstoppable shrinking due to the progressive increase of independence of various tribal chiefs, princes and concurrent kings, above all the pharaoh–to–beTefnakht.
According to aSerapeum stela dated to his Year 11, Shoshenq was son and successor ofPami.[1]: 84–5 He ascended to the throne in ca. 767 BC[1]: Tab.3 and, despite little information about his life, he is well attested by several monuments, dated and not. However, the provenance of such findings is limited to the EasternNile Delta – in fact the territory under his authority – and noticeably, he is completely unrecorded inThebes.[1]: 103 Furthermore, it looks that during Shoshenq's reign his lordship above the city ofMemphis and the westernmost part of his realms phased out for the benefit of theLibyan chiefs of the Western Delta such asOsorkon C and, ultimately, Tefnakht ofSais.[1]: 311, 316 [3]: 571–2 At the end of his long reign – most likely lasting 38 years – Shoshenq ruled little more than the districts ofTanis andBubastis.[1]: 92
Before the discovery of the properShoshenq IV, Shoshenq V was often referred to with the "IV" numeral (for example:[4][5]).
Shoshenq's Year 11 is recorded at Memphis, commemorating the death, burial and replacement of theApis bull which was installed in the Year 2 of Pami. Shoshenq is also attested in his years 7[6][7] and 15[7] (or 17),[8] 19,[9] 30,[10] and 37[1]: Tab.21A by donation stelae of differentGreat Chiefs of the Libu, named Tjerpahati, Ker, Rudamun andAnkhhor respectively. Then, his name appears again on a stela fromAtfih, dedicated to the goddessHathor in Shoshenq's Year 22.[5][1]: 310–1, 521
At Tanis, he ordered a temple for theTheban Triad, with particular emphasis on the godKhonsu. Probably in his Year 30, he also celebrated hisSed festival by adding a jubilee chapel to the aforementioned temple.[1]: 315, 396 [3]: 569 [11] These buildings were later dismantled and asacred lake was made in their place. Yet, from the remains of the buildings, it is known that Shoshenq celebrated the festival by adopting brand-newHorus,Nebty and Golden Horus names, and by adding complements to hisThrone andpersonal names, in sharp contrast with the plain and simple titulary used in most of his monuments (the one reported in the box[12]) which was possibly a form ofarchaism. Undated monuments of Shoshenq V were unearthed atTell el-Yahudiyeh.[1]: 309, 315
In Year 37 of Shoshenq, the Apis bull installed in his Year 11 died and was buried. The event is commemorated on several Serapeum stelae, the most famous among these being theStela of Pasenhor, which also provided a valuable genealogy of the early 22nd Dynasty and its Libyan origin.[1]: 84–5 [3]: 569 This bull eventually outlived Shoshenq, dying in Year 5 of pharaohBakenranef of the24th Dynasty.[1]: 147
Shoshenq V's highest Year date is an anonymous Year 38 donation stela fromButo issued by Tefnakht (here boasting several titles, but not yet a pharaoh) which can only belong to his reign since Tefnakht was a late contemporary of this king. This stela, which reads simply as "Regnal Year 38 under the Majesty of the King ofUpper and Lower Egypt, Lord of theTwo Lands, [BLANK], Son of Re, [BLANK]," may reflect the growing power of Tefnakht in the Western Delta at the expense of Shoshenq V whose name is omitted from the document. The same argument can be applied to a similar stela, again issued by Tefnakht but in an anonymous Year 36 which again can only belong to Shoshenq's reign.[1]: 84, 112, 316
Shoshenq V died probably in 730 BC. Besides his father Pami, his family relationships are not entirely clear, but it is often assumed that his successor wasOsorkon IV who also may have been his son.[11] It is known that Osorkon's mother was queenTadibast III; thus, she was possibly Shoshenq's queen.[13] However, this reconstruction is complicated by the presence of the poorly known pharaohPedubast II who is sometimes placed as Shoshenq's successor.[14]
{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help), p. 326| Preceded by | Pharaoh of Egypt 767 – 730 BC Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt | Succeeded by |
