Shortz was born on August 26, 1952, and raised on anArabian horse farm inCrawfordsville, Indiana.[3] He was drawn to puzzles at an early age; in eighth grade he wrote a paper titled "Puzzles as a Profession".[4] (The paper earned him a B+.)[4] At age 13, Shortz wrote toLanguage on Vacation authorDmitri Borgmann for advice on how to pursue a career in puzzles.[5] At age 16, Shortz began regularly contributing crossword puzzles toDell Publishing.[6] He eventually graduated fromIndiana University in 1974,[7] and is the only person known to hold a college degree inenigmatology,[8] the study ofpuzzles. Shortz wrote his thesis about the history of American word puzzles.[9] Shortz achieved this by designing his own curriculum through Indiana University's Individualized Major Program.[10] He also earned aJuris Doctor degree from theUniversity of Virginia School of Law (1977), but did not sit for thebar exam and began a career in puzzles instead.[11] Shortz is the author or editor of more than 100 books and owns over 20,000 puzzle books and magazines dating back to 1545, reportedly the world's largest private library on the subject.[12] He is a member and historian of theNational Puzzlers' League.
Shortz began his career atPenny Press Magazines,[11] then moved toGames magazine for 15 years, and was its editor from 1989 to 1990, when the magazine temporarily folded. He was rehired in late 1991, then let go in August 1993.[13] A few months later he became thecrossword puzzle editor forThe New York Times, the fourth in the paper's history, followingEugene Thomas Maleska.[14]
Shortz has been the puzzle master onNPR'sWeekend Edition Sunday since the program was started in 1987. He is the founder of theAmerican Crossword Puzzle Tournament (1978), and has been its director since that time. He founded theWorld Puzzle Championship in 1992 and is a director of theU.S. Puzzle Team. Shortz is also a weekly guest on NPR'sWeekend Edition Sunday where he hosts the Sunday Puzzle, a cooperative game between the show's host and one of the show's listeners. The lucky player is picked randomly from a group of submissions containing the correct answer to a qualifier puzzle issued the week before.[15]
In February 2009, Shortz helped introduce theKenKen puzzle intoThe New York Times.[16] In 2013, Shortz lent his name and talents in puzzle writing and editing to a new bimonthly publication entitledWill Shortz' WordPlay, published byPenny Press.[17] He has said that his favorite crossword of all time is theElection Day crossword of November 5, 1996, designed byJeremiah Farrell. It had two correct solutions with the same set of clues, one saying that the "Lead story in tomorrow's newspaper (!)" would be "BOB DOLE ELECTED", and the other correct solution saying "CLINTON ELECTED".[18] His favorite individual clue is "It might turn into a different story" (whose solution isSPIRAL STAIRCASE).[19]
In addition to work as a crossword editor, Shortz is a skilledtable tennis player. He has co-owned the Westchester Table Tennis Center in Pleasantville, New York since 2009, and has been playing table tennis daily for the past 11 years. This dedication to the sport reflects his dedication to puzzles, with mementos and awards from his childhood displayed in the center.[20]
In 2017, Shortz published aTimes crossword by a prisoner named Lonnie Burton who was convicted of raping a 15-year-old boy, in addition to having burglary and robbery charges, prompting backlash from some solvers.[21] Shortz did not include the reason for Burton's imprisonment in his accompanying blog post. Burton had previously had crosswords published in theLos Angeles Times.[22] TheTimespublic editorLiz Spayd wrote in an article on the decision, "What I question is the decision not to tell readers what Burton did. [...] I understand Shortz’ reflex to hold back such dark information given the levity of a puzzle, but not doing so may have made matters worse. It left some readers with the feeling of being tricked."[22]
At various times in his career Shortz has apologized for cluing decisions that sparked public backlash for being racist, sexist or offensive.[23][24]
In 2019,The New York Times issued an apology after Shortz chose to publish the racial slur "BEANER" in the crossword, cluing it as "Pitch to the head, informally".[25] Shortz admitted that he saw the derogatory definition when he researched the word, but claimed he had never personally heard it, and explained that as long as a word also has a "benign" meaning, it meets his editorial standards for publication. Shortz defended his use of "BEANER" and noted he has published and stands by the benign meanings of the terms "CHINK" and "GO OK" (or "GOOK"), both slurs for people of Asian descent.[26]
In 2020, more than 600 crossword constructors and solvers signed anopen letter to the executive director ofTimes puzzles asking for changes and expressing concerns regarding the diversity within the puzzle department at theTimes and the puzzle itself.[27][28] The letter also described the resignation of Claire Muscat, a woman who was hired as a test-solver, who resigned because of what she described as being hired to provide a perfunctorytoken female perspective.[29][30][27]
On May 3, 2008, Shortz gave the commencement speech for his alma mater, Indiana University. As an introduction to his speech, Shortz quizzed the audience on well-known IU graduates and their unconventional majors. He advised recent graduates to pick a career in which they "don't mind the least interesting parts." Shortz apparently also wrote brainteasers and a hidden message that were included in the printed commencement program.[9]
In May 2010, he was given an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree fromWabash College in Crawfordsville, Indiana.[31]
In 2012, he received theSam Loyd Award from the Association for Games & Puzzles International for creating interest in mechanical puzzles.[32]
In May 2016, he gave the commencement speech at the University of Virginia Law School Commencement.[33]
In May 2018, Shortz was given an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Indiana University.[34]
Shortz appeared inDinner: Impossible as himself, challenging the chef to create dishes that mimic common Englishidioms at the annual American Crossword Puzzle Tournament. The episode aired on May 6, 2009.[37]
On December 18, 2015, he presented the answers onJeopardy! in the category "The New York Times Crossword".[39]
Shortz was mentioned in passing inBrooklyn Nine-Nine episodes "The Mattress"[40] and "Mr. Santiago" before guest-starring in the 2018 episode "The Puzzle Master" as Sam Jepson, a rival puzzler to Vin Stermley.[41]
In 2020, Shortz was the "central character" on an episode ofTo Tell the Truth. ActressGillian Jacobs identified him almost immediately due to recognizing his voice fromWeekend Edition on NPR.[43]
Shortz resides inPleasantville, New York, where he works from home.[46] He is an avidtable tennis player. In May 2011, with Barbadian champion (and his long-time friend) Robert Roberts,[47] he opened one of the largest table tennis clubs in the Northeast in Pleasantville.[48] In 2012, Shortz set a goal for himself to play table tennis every day for a year, but surpassed his goal, playing for 1000 consecutive days,[49] and then eventually reaching a streak of 10 years in 2022.[50]
In his free time, Shortz also enjoys biking, reading, traveling, and collecting antique puzzle books.[51]
Shortz came out as gay in an interview withThe New Yorker in February 2023. He married his husband in August 2023.[52][53][54]
Shortz, who had a history of untreatedhypertension, had a stroke at home on February 4, 2024, and a second larger stroke while being treated atNorthern Westchester Hospital. He receivedintravenous thrombolysis. He began rehabilitation atBurke Rehabilitation Hospital, transferred in March to a subacute facility close to his home, and in April had returned home. As of November 2024 he was still in therapy as an outpatient multiple days per week.[55][56][57][58] During Shortz's hospitalization and initial recovery,Joel Fagliano oversaw editing of the crossword forThe New York Times through December 2024. Shortz, while still in recovery, returned to edit the crossword starting December 30, 2024.[59]
^Amlen, Deb (January 1, 2019)."Barely Adequate".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.Archived from the original on September 12, 2021. RetrievedSeptember 18, 2021.
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