| Shilton | |
|---|---|
 Holy Rood parish church, seen from the south | |
  Shilton Location withinOxfordshire | |
| Population | 626 (2011 Census) |
| OS grid reference | SP2608 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Burford |
| Postcode district | OX18 |
| Dialling code | 01993 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Oxfordshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | |
| Website | Shilton Village Noticeboard |
| |
Shilton is a village andcivil parish about1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) northwest ofCarterton, Oxfordshire. The2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 626.[1]
Shilton village is on Shill Brook: a stream that rises southwest ofBurford, flows through Shilton andAlvescot toBlack Bourton, where it becomes Black Bourton Brook, which joins theRiver Thames downstream fromRadcot. Shilton was historically part of the manor ofGreat Faringdon, and most of Shilton parish was anexclave ofBerkshire until theCounties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 transferred it to Oxfordshire.
When theCistercianBeaulieu Abbey in Hampshire was founded in 1203–04, it was endowed with a group ofmanors that were headed by Great Faringdon and included Shilton.[2] Beaulieu retained the manors until 1538, when it surrendered all its properties tothe Crown in theDissolution of the Monasteries.[2] In about 1848 the architect andantiquarianFrederick S. Waller drew a plan and sections of anaisled barn at Shilton.[3] It had sixbays and an internal timber frame built on two rows of five large timber posts,[4] This seems likely to have been a medieval barn, built when Beaulieu Abbey held Shilton Manor.[3] Beaulieu Abbey also held the manor atGreat Coxwell, 9 miles (14 km) south of Shilton.Great Coxwell Barn, which was built for the Abbey around 1292, survives intact and is open to the public. It is somewhat larger and structurally more complex than the barn that Waller found at Shilton, but it gives an idea of the scale, style and quality of building that the Cistercians commissioned.
Tradition had it that a fire destroyed the barn at Shilton.[5] However, in 1971 an historian, PL Heyworth, reported that the stone walls of the barn and a few of its timbers still survived. Heyworth found a farm in the village had a stone-walled barn that had a modern arched corrugated steel roof, but had some stonecorbels that would formerly have carried principal rafters of a former gabled roof.[3] Heyworth found that the lintels of two large doorways in the barn were re-used timbers that had been principal posts.[5] Each had themortices that would have held a tie beam and a strut, both of which would have been parts of a timber roof.[5] The barn is near a house called the Old Manor, a medieval dovecote, a possible former medieval fishpond and a field called Conyger (i.e. it had been a place for rearing "coneys" – rabbits).[6] Heyworth therefore concluded that the barn is very likely to be the remains of a Cistercian barn.[7] The dovecote is cylindrical and has a conical roof.[8] It is early 16th century and is aGrade II* listed building.[8]
The earliest parts of theChurch of England parish church of theHoly Rood are theNormannave, southaisle andarcade, all of which were built in about 1150.[9] The presentEarly English Gothicchancel was built in about 1250.[10] Thebell tower was added in the 15th century.[10] The present side windows of the nave and aisle are also late MedievalPerpendicular Gothic additions.[10] TheGothic Revival architectC.C. Rolfe restored the building in 1884–88, adding the presentrood screen.[10] The church is a Grade II* listed building.[11] Holy Rood church tower has three bells, all cast in 1854 byW. & J. Taylor[12] ofLoughborough, who at the time also had a bell-foundry inOxford.[13] Currently for technical reasons they are unringable.[12] Holy Rood also has aSanctus bell that Henry III Bagley cast in 1730.[12] Bagley was fromChacombe, Northamptonshire but also had a foundry atWitney.[13] Holy Rood parish is now part of theBenefice of Shill Valley and Broadshire.[14]
Shilton has a Baptist chapel that was built in the early or mid 19th century.[15] It may have been converted from a small barn.[15]
Traditional houses and cottages in Shilton are built of local Cotswold stone. Shilton House was built in 1678[10] and is a Grade II* listed building.[16] Elm Farm dates from 1683.[10] Shilton Bridge across Shill Brook is a small stonehump-back bridge that was probably built in the 18th century.[17] By the 1930s its stonework had become decayed, it was too narrow for modern traffic and its hump was too acute for some vehicles.[18] In 1938 Oxfordshire County Council rebuilt the bridge, making the road across it wider and reducing the hump.[18] The sides of the bridge were rebuilt using the original stones in their original relative positions as far as possible, while the widening of the bridge was achieved by inserting a concrete section in the middle of the road hidden from view.[18]
Shilton has a 17th-centurypublic house, the Rose and Crown.[19]
John Coghlan, drummer of the rock bandStatus Quo, lives in Shilton.[citation needed]
