Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam
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Local council (from 1992) | |
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • ISO 259 | Šibbli - ʔumm ˀel-Gánem (Israeli pronunciation) |
 View of Shibli | |
  Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam  Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam | |
| Coordinates:32°41′03″N35°23′49″E / 32.68417°N 35.39694°E /32.68417; 35.39694 | |
| Grid position | 186/231PAL |
| Country | Israel |
| District | Northern District |
| Founded | 1992 |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,879dunams (2.879 km2; 1.112 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[1] | |
• Total | 6,402 |
| • Density | 2,224/km2 (5,759/sq mi) |
| Name meaning | Khirbet Umm el Ghanem = The ruin with the sheep[2] |
Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam (Arabic:الشبلي - أم الغنم,Hebrew:שִׁבְּלִי-אֻם אל-ג'נַם) is anArab Bedouintown at the foot ofMount Tabor inIsrael'sNorthern District. In 2023 it had a population of 6,402.[1]
Archaeological excavations east of the village have revealed flint from theMousterian culture, severalknapped using theLevallois technique.[3]
Ceramics from theByzantine era have been found here.[4]
In 1517, the village was included in theOttoman Empire with the rest ofPalestine, and in the 1596tax-records it appeared asUm al-Ganam, located in theNahiya ofTabariyya, part ofSafad Sanjak. The population was 8 households, allMuslim. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley and summer crops, in addition to occasional revenues, and goats and beehives; a total of 1,910akçe.[5][6]
In 1875,Victor Guérin found here "several ancientcisterns, still unbroken, and ancient caves cut in rock, which now serve as refuge for shepherds."[7]In 1881 thePalestine Exploration Fund'sSurvey of Western Palestine found at Kh. Umm el Ghanem: "Heaps of stones, a few of which are hewn, all of small size, one small cave and onecistern."[8]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities, Umm al Ghanam had a population of 52, all Muslims.[9] In the1931 census the population of Umm al-Ghanam was counted with that ofReineh, together they had 1015 inhabitants in a total of 243 houses.[10]
In the1945 statistics the population of Umm al-Ghanam was counted with that of Mount Tabor, and their total land area was 8,409dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[11][12] Of this, 232 dunams were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 6,215 for cereals,[13] while a total of 1,962 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land.[14]
The town was formed in 1992 as a result of a municipal merger of the villages of Shibli and Umm al-Ghanam.
Shibli High School is attended by 270 Arab students, Special educational programs introduced at the school have boosted theBagrut matriculation pass rate and percentage of graduates attending university.[15]
In 2022, 100% of the population was Muslim.[16]
The so-calledJordan Lead Codices are considered by Israeli and Jordanian specialists to be fakes.
Hassan Saida of Shibli–Umm Al-Ghanam owns a collection of small cast lead books featuring what is believed to be the first-ever portrait ofJesus. The books are thought to have been created by followers of Jesus in the first decades after his crucifixion. The books, containing cryptic messages in Hebrew and ancient Greek, have been in Saida's family since they were found by his great-grandfather.[17]
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