Shibata Katsuie | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 柴田 勝家 | |||||
 | |||||
| Lord ofTsuruga | |||||
| In office 1575–1583 | |||||
| Succeeded by | Hachiya Yoritaka | ||||
| Lord ofKitanosho Castle | |||||
| In office 1575–1583 | |||||
| Personal details | |||||
| Born | 1522 | ||||
| Died | June 14, 1583(1583-06-14) (aged 60–61) | ||||
| Spouse | Oichi | ||||
| Children | Shibata Katsutoyo [jp] (adopted son) Shibata Katsumasa (adopted son) Yodo-dono (step daughter) Ohatsu (step daughter) Oeyo (step daughter) | ||||
| Relatives | Oda Nobunaga (brother-in-law) | ||||
| Nickname(s) | "Oni Shibata" (demon shibata) "Gonroku" | ||||
| Military service | |||||
| Allegiance |  Oda clan | ||||
| Unit |  Owari-Shibata clan | ||||
| Commands | Kitanosho Castle | ||||
| Battles/wars | Battle of Kanōguchi 2nd Battle of Azukizaka Battle of Ino Battle of Okehazama Siege of Shōryūji Castle Siege of Chōkō-ji Siege of Nagashima Siege of Ichijōdani Castle Echizen Campaign Battle of Nagashino Hokuriku Campaign Battle of Tedorigawa Kaga Campaign Siege of Uozu Battle of Shizugatake | ||||
| Japanese name | |||||
| Kanji | 柴田 勝家 | ||||
| Hiragana | しばた かついえ | ||||
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Shibata Katsuie (柴田 勝家; 1522 – June 14, 1583) orGonroku (権六) was a Japanese samurai and military commander during theSengoku period. He was retainer ofOda Nobuhide. He servedOda Nobunaga as one of his trusted generals, was severely wounded in the 1571first siege of Nagashima, but then fought in the 1575Battle of Nagashino and 1577Battle of Tedorigawa.[1]
Katsuie was born in the village of Kamiyashiro (present-dayMeitō-ku, Nagoya), a branch of theShiba clan (who descended from theAshikaga clan, and were the former suzerains of theOda clan). Note the differences between Shibata (柴田), Shiba (斯波), and the Shibata clan of Echigo (新発田).
Katsuie was the retainer ofOda Nobuhide and laterOda Nobuyuki. In 1547, he fought at theBattle of Kanōguchi against theSaito clan and, in 1548, Katsuie took part in the secondBattle of Azukizaka againstImagawa clan.
In 1556, when control of theOda clan was contested, Katsuie initially supported his lord, Nobuyuki, against his elder brotherOda Nobunaga. Katsuie launched acoup d'état against Nobunaga. He was defeated at theBattle of Inō, and, in the aftermath, Nobunaga had his brother executed. But, impressed with the retainer's loyalty and bravery, Nobunaga spared Katsuie's life. Katsuie then pledged his services to Nobunaga, earning his praises.
In 1556, according to the records from theTosho Gunkan,Sakai Tadatsugu defended Fukutani Castle, which was being besieged by 2,000 cavalry troops from the Oda Clan led by Shibata Katsuie. Tadatsugu managed to repel Katsuie's forces as he led a sallying force outside the castle and routed them.[2][3][unreliable source?][4][unreliable source?][5][unreliable source?][6]
Due to his identity, he didn't hold any important position during theBattle of Okehazama against theSaitō clan.[7] But he was ordered to be aBugyō in 1565.
In late 1568, Katsuie was pardoned by Nobunaga, along withHosokawa Fujitaka,Hachiya Yoritaka,Mori Yoshinari andSakai Masahisa attackedIwanari Tomomichi atShōryūji Castle.
In 1570, while theOda–Tokugawa coalition fought at theBattle of Anegawa against theAsakura andAzai clans, Katsuie was at Chōkō-ji castle,under siege by 4,000 soldiers of theRokkaku clan. Katsuie eventually won via an all-out attack, forcing the Rokkaku to retreat.[1]: 220 This action, along with a series of brilliant victories, gained him renown as the "Oni Shibata", or "Demon Shibata".
In 1571, he fought in the firstSiege of Nagashima and was severely wounded.
In 1573, whenShogunAshikaga Yoshiaki, who was protected by theMori clan, built an anti-Nobunaga network, Katsuie fought against Yoshiaki's forces in various places includingOmi Province andSettsu Province as a powerful military commander of the Oda army. Later, He took part in thesiege of Ichijodani Castle and also in the SecondSiege of Nagashima right after that, but he pulled back again.
In 1574, he took part in the thirdSiege of Nagashima. He commanded the right wing among the three groups along withSakuma Nobumori.
In 1575, he fought in theBattle of Nagashino againstTakeda Katsuyori.[8] He andHashiba Hideyoshi protected the left flank.
In 1576, after gaining control ofEchizen, he took command ofKitanosho Castle (Hokujō) and was ordered to conquer theHokuriku region.
In 1577, Nobunaga sent an army led by Shibata Katsuie and some of his most experienced generals to reinforce Shigetsura fromNoto province againstUesugi Kenshin at theBattle of Tedorigawa.
In 1580, he led an army, which included his generalSakuma Morimasa in a fight against theKagaIkko-ikki atKanazawa Gobo.[1]: 230
In 1581, after controllingNoto, he began a campaign againstEtchū Province along withMaeda Toshiie,Sassa Narimasa andFuwa Mitsuharu.
In 1582, he andSassa Narimasa successfully laidsiege to Uozu andMatsukura Castle.[1]: 231 In the meantime,Oda Nobunaga and his eldest son and heir,Nobutada, were killed in theHonnō-ji incident by the forces of his former retainerAkechi Mitsuhide.
Later in 1582, after the death of Nobunaga, in a meeting atKiyosu Castle to determine Nobunaga's successor, Katsuie initially supported the choice ofSamboshi, Nobunaga's grandson.[9] but he later supportedOda Nobutaka, Nobunaga's third son, for whom Katsuie had performed thegenpuku ritual. He then allied with Oda Nobutaka andTakigawa Kazumasu againstToyotomi Hideyoshi who was allied withOda Nobukatsu. Tension quickly escalated between Hideyoshi and Katsuie, and the following year they clashed at theBattle of Shizugatake.[10]
In 1583, Katsuie sent his nephewSakuma Morimasa to besiegeTakayama Ukon andNakagawa Kiyohide atShizugatake. Morimasa ignored Shibata's orders to withdraw to Ōiwa and was captured and beheaded byToyotomi Hideyoshi's returning forces.[11] Katsuie was defeated and retreated back into Echizen, all the way toKitanosho Castle, which was taken in 3 days.
During the siege, Katsuie implored his wife,Oichi, to take their daughters and leave, but she decided to stay and die with him, while letting their daughters escape. After setting fire to his castle, Katsuie committedseppuku.[12][13][1]: 234
His death poem was:
"Fleeting dream paths, In the summer night! O bird of the mountain, Carry my name beyond the clouds."
Shibata Katsuie is a playable character inKoei Tecmo'sSamurai Warriors 2: Empires and all subsequentSamurai Warriors, theWarriors Orochi games, andSengoku Basara 4. He appears inNioh 2 andFate/Grand Order as a side character.
{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)http://www.samurai-archives.com/katsuie.htmlArchived 2007-07-16 at theWayback Machine
This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.
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