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Sheikhgal

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Indo-Aryan language of Jammu and Kashmir
Sheikhgal
Watali
Opedigal
Native toIndia
RegionKashmir Valley
EthnicityWatal
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
GlottologNone

Sheikhgal orWatali is an unclassifiedIndo-Aryan language[1] ofJammu and Kashmir, India. Its speakers, the formerly nomadicWatals,[2] are found throughoutKashmir, particularly in the districts ofSrinagar (Parimpora,Nowhatta,Dargah,Natipora,Hawal),Baramulla (Bandipora,Khawja Bagh,Sopore andTangmarg),Pulwama (Lolaab andLassipora) andKupwara (Kanthpora,Kulgam,Haihama,Magam,Handwara,Tarathpora).[3] Among its speakers the language is also known asOpedigal orPhiri kathi.[4]

Although attitudes towards the language are generally negative,[5] the community is compact[6] and Sheikhgal is the dominant language within the home.[7] However, in other domains (market, workplace etc.) the language of wider communicationKashmiri is the preferred choice, even with other speakers of Sheikhgal.[8] Within the family, there is a slight shift away from using Sheikhgal (85% of those interviewed by Mullick speak Sheikhgal with their spouses but only 69% do so with their children).[9]

Phonology

[edit]

Vowels

[edit]
Front-CentralNear-back/Back
Close
Near-closeɪʊ
Close-mid
Midə
Open-midɛːɔː
Open

Consonants

[edit]
LabialDental/

Alveolar

RetroflexPost-alv.PalatalVelarUvular
Nasalmnɳɲŋ
Stop/

Affricate

voicelesspʈt͡ʃkq
voicedbɖd͡ʒɡɢ
Fricativevoicelessfsʃçx
voicedvzʒʝɣ
Rhoticɾ~rɽ
Laterallɭ

References

[edit]
  1. ^Safdar 2014, p. 280.
  2. ^Safdar 2014, p. 279.
  3. ^Mullick 2003, pp. 11–12;Safdar 2014, p. 279
  4. ^Mullick 2003, p. 11.
  5. ^Mullick 2003, p. 66.
  6. ^Safdar 2014, p. 280;Mullick 2003, p. 91
  7. ^Mullick 2003, pp. 81–2.
  8. ^Mullick 2003, pp. 84–85.
  9. ^Mullick 2003, p. 81. see also comment on p. 93.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Mullick, Aban Parvaz (2003).A sociolinguistic study of Sheikhgal (MPhil). University of Kashmir. Archived fromthe original on 2016-05-24. Retrieved2018-01-03.
  • Safdar, Rahila (2014). "Sheikha Gal". In Devy, G. N.; Koul, Omkar N. (eds.).The languages of Jammu & Kashmir. People's linguistic survey of India. Vol. 12. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. pp. 279–83.ISBN 978-81-250-5516-7.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Kak, A.A.; Panzoo, O.F. (2010). "A brief note on morphological and morphophonemic features of Sheikhgal (Watali)".Interdisciplinary Journal of Linguistics.3. Srinagar: Dept. of Linguistics, University of Kashmir:201–212.ISSN 0974-3421.
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