Shanxi clique
晉系
Shanxi Provincial Government Seal
Active	1911–1937
Disbanded	1949
Country	Republic of China
Allegiance	Beiyang government Nationalist government (1927–1929; 1930–1949)
Type	Warlord clique
Engagements	Bai Lang Rebellion Northern Expedition Central Plains War Battle of Taiyuan
Commanders
Warlord	Yan Xishan

TheShanxi clique, also known as theJin clique (Jin being the abbreviated name of Shanxi;Chinese:晉系;pinyin:Jìn Xì), was one of several military factions that split off from theBeiyang Army during China'swarlord era.

Yuan Shikai, after assuming presidency, installedYan Xishan as the governor ofShanxi.^[1] After Yuan's death, Yan consolidated his control over Shanxi and ruled there.^[2] He waited for almost one year before expelling Yuan's supporters out of Shanxi.^[3]

Though a close associate ofDuan Qirui, leader of theAnhui clique, Yan Xishan did not join the Anhui clique. He kept his province neutral from the various civil wars the nation was facing, although he would fight troops from other cliques if they encroached upon the provincial boundaries. In 1927, faced with the overwhelming forces of theNational Revolutionary Army, theFengtian clique issued an ultimatum to Yan to join their side. Yan joined the NRA instead, and drove Fengtian armies fromBeijing. As a reward, theKuomintang allowed the Shanxi clique to expand all the way to the sea atHebei andShandong. Displeased with the dictatorship ofChiang Kai-shek, the Shanxi clique together with several other cliques launched theCentral Plains War, but was defeated.^[1] The clique was significantly weakened by theJapanese invasion which occupied most of their base province. After the war, Yan was unable to defend his province, which fell to theCommunists in 1949.

• Warlord Era
• List of warlords and military cliques in the Warlord Era
• History of the Republic of China

• Wang, Ke-wen (1998).Modern China: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Nationalism.Taylor & Francis.ISBN 978-0-8153-0720-4.
• Spence, Jonathan D. (1997).The Search for Modern China.W. W. Norton & Company.ISBN 978-0-393-97351-8.
• Gillin, Donald G. (1967).Warlord: Yen Hsi-shan in Shansi Province 1911–1949. Princeton:Princeton University Press.ISBN 978-06-91650-13-5.

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