This is an accepted version of this page
| Brown | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Common connotations | |
| Autumn,Thanksgiving,earth,dirt,chocolate | |
 Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #964B00 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (150, 75, 0) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 100%, 59%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (40, 72, 31°) |
| Source | ColorXS |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
| Some shades of Brown | |
| Red Brown (X11) | |
| Pale Brown | |
| Medium Brown | |
| Dark Brown | |
| Light Brown | |
Shades of brown can be produced by combiningred,yellow, andblack[1] pigments, or by a combination oforange and black—illustrated in thecolor box. TheRGB color model, that generates all colors on computer and television screens, makesbrown by combining red and green light at relatively low intensities, with green light being in a lesser proportion than red light. Brown color names are often imprecise, and some shades, such asbeige, can refer to lighter rather than darker shades of yellow and red. Such colors are lesssaturated than colors perceived to beorange. Browns are usually described as light or dark, reddish, yellowish, or gray-brown. There are no standardized names for shades of brown; the same shade may have different names on different color lists, and sometimes one name (such as beige or puce) can refer to several very different colors. The X11 color list ofweb colors has seventeen different shades of brown, but the complete list of browns is much longer.
Brown colors are typically desaturated shades of reds, oranges, and yellows which are created on computer and television screens using the RGB color model and in printing with theCMYK color model. Browns can also be created by mixing two complementary colors from theRYB color model (combining all three primary colors). In theory, such combinations should produce black, but produce brown because most commercially available blue pigments tend to be comparatively weaker; the stronger red and yellow colors prevail, thus creating brown tones.
Displayed here are some common brown shades. Some of them are associated with (any of various types of)soil,rock, orvegetation and are thus also classifiable among theearth tones.
| Red-Brown | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #A52A2A |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (165, 42, 42) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (0°, 75%, 65%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (38, 94, 12°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Vivid red |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Theweb color called "brown" is displayed as shown.
The historical and traditional name for this color isred-brown.
The color shown above at the top right at the head of this article (color #964B00) is the color normally and traditionally regarded asbrown—a medium dark orange. Its h (hue) code is 30, which signifies a shade of orange. The color to the immediate right (color #A52A2A) that was chosen as the web color "brown"—a medium dark red—is the color traditionally calledred-brown. That this color is a shade of red and not orange can be easily ascertained by inspecting its h (hue) code, which is 0, signifying a shade of red.
The first recorded use ofred-brown as a color name in English was in 1682.[2]
| Brown (RYB) | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #331800 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (51, 24, 0) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (28°, 100%, 20%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (12, 19, 36°) |
| Source | RYB color system |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the color that is calledbrown in theRYB color model. It is an equal mix of red, yellow and blue.[3]
| Beaver | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #9F8170 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (159, 129, 112) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (22°, 30%, 62%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (56, 26, 39°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Light brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Beaver is a shade of brown representative of the color of abeaver. At a hue of 22, it is classified as an orange-brown.
The first recorded use ofbeaver as a color name in English was in 1705.[4]
The color "beaver" was formulated as one of theCrayola colors in 1998.
Etymologically, it's believed that the words "brown" and "beaver" ultimately stem from the sameroot word.[5]
| Beige | |
|---|---|
 Wool just before processing | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #F5F5DC |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (245, 245, 220) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (60°, 10%, 96%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (96, 19, 86°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Pale yellow green |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Beige is a pale sandy brown color representative of the color of unbleachedwool. At a hue of 60, it is classified as a yellow-brown.
| Bister | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #3D2B1F |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (61, 43, 31) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (24°, 49%, 24%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (19, 14, 39°) |
| Source | 99colors.net[6] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark yellowish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Bister is an dark grayish shade of brown derived fromthe pigment of the same name.
Bister is a pigment that is made fromsoot, hence why it can also be calledsoot brown. The traditional method for making the pigment is to burn wood (usuallybeechwood to make the soot, then boiling it and diluting it with water.
| Buff | |
|---|---|
 Buff is the color of fine undyed leathers. | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #DAA06D |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (218, 160, 109) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (28°, 50%, 85%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (70, 60, 43°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Light yellow |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Buff is a paleyellow-brown color that got its name from the color of buffedleather.[7] At a hue of 28, it is classified as an orange-brown.
According to theOxford English Dictionary, buff as a descriptor of a color was first used in theLondon Gazette of 1686, describing a uniform to be "A Red Coat with a Buff-colour'd lining".[8]
| Burnt umber | |
|---|---|
 Vanadinite crystals showingburnt umber coloration | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #8A3324 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (138, 51, 36) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (9°, 74%, 54%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (34, 69, 17°) |
| Source | Xona.com Color List[9] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong reddish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Burnt umber is made by heating raw umber, which dehydrates the iron oxides and changes them partially to the more reddishhematite. It is used for both oil and water color paint. At a hue of 9, it is classified as a red-brown.
The first recorded use ofburnt umber as a color name in English was in 1650.[10]
| Chestnut | |
|---|---|
 Chestnuts can be found on the ground aroundchestnut trees. | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #954535 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (149, 69, 53) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (10°, 64%, 58%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (39, 63, 19°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong reddish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colorchestnut. At a hue of 10, it is classified as a red-brown.
| Chocolate | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Chocolate most commonly comes in three shades; dark, milk, and white varieties, with cocoa solids contributing to the brown coloration. | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #7B3F00 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (123, 63, 0) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (31°, 100%, 48%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (33, 57, 33°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[11] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The colorchocolate has a hue of 31, and is classified as an orange-brown.
| Cigar Brown | |
|---|---|
 Cigars | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #6D4F4B |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (109, 79, 75) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (7°, 31%, 43%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (37, 20, 20°) |
| Source | My Perfect Color[12] |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Cigar brown is a brown shade resembling the color ofcigars.
| Cocoa Brown | |
|---|---|
 Chocolate is created from thecocoa bean. A cacao tree with cocoa bean fruit pods (which are filled with cocoa beans inside of them) in various stages of ripening | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #D2691E |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (210, 105, 30) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (25°, 86%, 82%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (56, 99, 29°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep orange |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colorcocoa brown. At a hue of 25, it is classified as an orange-brown.
| Dark Brown | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #5C4033 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (92, 64, 51) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (19°, 45%, 36%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (30, 22, 33°) |
| Source | X11 |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Dark brown is a dark tone of color brown. At a hue of 19, it is classified as a black-brown. An archaic term for it ispiceous.
| Desert Sand | |
|---|---|
 Desert landscape in theUnited Arab Emirates | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #EDC9AF |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (237, 201, 175) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (25°, 26%, 93%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (83, 34, 44°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Pale orange yellow |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The colordesert sand is displayed at right. At a hue of 19, it is classified as an orange-brown.
It may be publicly regarded as a deep shade of beige. It is a pale tint of a color calleddesert.
The color name "desert" was first used in 1920.[13]
| Khaki | |
|---|---|
 Khaki uniform | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #C3B091 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (195, 176, 145) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (37°, 26%, 76%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (73, 28, 61°) |
| Source | HTML/CSS |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Grayish yellow |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Theweb colorkhaki has a hue of 37, and is classified as an orange-brown. This example matches the color designated askhaki in the 1930 bookA Dictionary of Color, the standard for color nomenclature before the introduction of computers.
The first recorded use ofkhaki as a color name in English was in 1848.[14]
| Kobicha | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #6B4423 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (107, 68, 35) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (28°, 67%, 42%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (33, 37, 39°) |
| Source | JTC |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The colorkobicha (brown-nose) is displayed at right. At a hue of 28, it is classified as an orange-brown.
It is one of theJapanese traditional colors that has been in use since 660 AD in the form of variousdyes used in designingkimono.[15][16]
The namekobicha comes from theJapanese for the color of a type of kelp tea, but the word was often used as a synonym for a form offlattery[15][16] in a curious parallel with the English usagebrown nosing.
| Manhattan | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #F8C898 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (248, 200, 152) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 39%, 97%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (84, 52, 49°) |
| Source | hexcolor.co[17] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Pale light grayish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Manhattan is a pale light grayish brown color.
| Maroon | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #800000 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (128, 0, 0) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (0°, 100%, 50%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (26, 86, 12°) |
| Source | HTML/CSS |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep reddish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the web color calledmaroon in HTML/CSS and it is a brownish crimson color that takes its name from the French word marron, or chestnut. "Marron" is also one of the French translations for "brown".
| Milk Chocolate | |
|---|---|
 A chunk ofMilka | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #84563C |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (132, 86, 60) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (22°, 55%, 52%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (41, 40, 34°) |
| Source | Color Register[18] |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Milk chocolate is a moderate shade of brown representing the color ofmilk chocolate.
| Ocher | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #CC7722 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (204, 119, 34) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 83%, 80%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (58, 87, 37°) |
| Source | colorxs.com/color |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Deep orange |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Ocher is an orangish shade of brown derived fromthe clay earth pigment of the same name that ranges in color from yellow to deep orange or brown.
Ocher is also any clay that is colored withiron oxide derived during the extraction oftin andcopper.[19]
| Peru | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #CD853F |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (205, 133, 63) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 69%, 80%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (62, 75, 40°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate orange |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The web colorPeru has a hue of 30, and is classified as an orange-brown.
This color was originally calledPeruvian brown with the first recorded use in 1924 ofPeruvian brown as a color name in English.[20]
The color name was changed toperu in 1987, when this color was formulated as one of the X11 colors, which in the early 1990s became known as the X11 web colors.
| Raw Umber | |
|---|---|
 Raw umber pigment | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #826644 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (130, 102, 68) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (33°, 48%, 51%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (45, 33, 52°) |
| Source | ISCC-NBS[21] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate yellowish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
This version of the colorraw umber has a hue of 33, and is classified as an orange-brown.
| Rosy Brown | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #BC8F8F |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (188, 143, 143) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (0°, 24%, 74%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (64, 29, 12°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Light grayish red |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed here is the web colorrosy brown. At a hue of 359, it is classified as a red-brown.
The color namerosy brown first came into use in 1987, when this color was formulated as one of the X11 colors, which in the early 1990s became known as the X11 web colors.
| Russet | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #80461B |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (128, 70, 27) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (26°, 79%, 50%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (36, 54, 33°) |
| Source | ISCC-NBS[21] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Russet is a dark brown color with a reddish-orange tinge. At a hue of 26, it is classified as an orange-brown.
The first recorded use ofrusset as a color name in English was in 1562.[22]
The name of the color derives fromrusset, a coarse cloth made of wool and dyed withwoad andmadder to give it a subdued gray or reddish-brown shade. By the statute of 1363, poor English people were required to wear russet.[23]
Russet, a color offall, is often associated with sorrow or grave seriousness. Anticipating a lifetime of regret,Shakespeare's character Biron says: "Henceforth my wooing mind shall be express'd / In russet yeas and honest kersey noes." (Love's Labour's Lost, Act V, Scene 1)
| Sable | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #6E403C |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (110, 64, 60) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (5°, 45%, 43%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (32, 32, 16°) |
| Source | [1] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong reddish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Sable is a shade of brown representative of the color of asable. The colorsable is best described as a copper-blonde metallic brown.
| Saddle Brown | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #8b4513 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (139, 69, 19) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (25°, 86%, 55%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (37, 64, 30°) |
| Source | X11 |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
An X11 color,Saddle Brown is a mid brown common for the stained leather of a saddle.
| Sandy Brown | |
|---|---|
 Sand dunes inNamibia | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #F4A460 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (244, 164, 96) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (28°, 61%, 96%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (74, 81, 40°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate orange |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Sandy brown is a pale shade of brown.Sandy brown is one of theweb colors. At a hue of 28, it is classified as an orange-brown.
As its name suggests, it is a shade of brown which is similar to the color of somesands.
The color namesandy brown first came into use in 1987, when this color was formulated as one of theX11 colors, which in the early 1990s became known as theX11 web colors.
| Sepia | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #704214 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (112, 66, 20) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 82%, 44%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (33, 45, 38°) |
| Source | Maerz and Paul[24] |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Sepia is a reddish-browncolor, named after the richbrownpigment derived from theink sac of the commoncuttlefishSepia.[25]
| Smokey Topaz | |
|---|---|
 Smokytopaz crystals | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #832A0D |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (131, 42, 13) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (15°, 90%, 51%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (31, 72, 19°) |
| Source | Crayola |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Strong reddish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Displayed at right is the colorsmokey topaz. At a hue of exactly 15, it is classified as a red-brown or orange-brown. It can also be called a vermilion-brown.
This color was formulated byCrayola in 1994 as one of the colors in the Gem Tones set.
| Tan | |
|---|---|
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #D2B48C |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (210, 180, 140) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (34°, 33%, 82%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (75, 39, 56°) |
| Source | X11 |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Grayish yellow |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Tan is a pale tone of brown. At a hue of 34, it is classified as an orange-brown.
The name is derived from tannum (oakbark) used in thetanning ofleather.[26]
The first recorded use oftan as a color name in English was in the year 1590.[27]
| Taupe | |
|---|---|
 AEuropean mole.Taupe is French for mole. | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #483C32 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (72, 60, 50) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (27°, 31%, 28%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (26, 11, 47°) |
| Source | ISCC-NBS[28] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Dark grayish yellowish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
The colortaupe is a representation of the average color of the fur of the Frenchmole.[29] At a hue of 30, it is classified as an orange-brown.
The color displayed at right matches the color sample calledtaupe referenced below in the 1930 bookA Dictionary of Color.
The first use of "taupe" as a color name in English was in the early 19th century (exact year is not known).[30]
| Walnut Brown | |
|---|---|
 A bunch ofwalnuts | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #5C5248 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (92, 82, 72) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (30°, 22%, 36%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (36, 11, 52°) |
| Source | Color Register[31] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Moderate olive brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Walnut brown is a dark brown color; a representation of the color made from walnut hulls. At a hue of 30, it is classified as an orange-brown.
| Wenge | |
|---|---|
 Wenge wood | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #645452 |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (100, 84, 82) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (7°, 18%, 39%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (37, 10, 20°) |
| Source | ColorHexa[32] |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Wenge refers to the distinctive color of the dark-colored wood that is the product ofMillettia laurentii, alegume tree from Africa. At a hue of 9, it is classified as a red-brown.
| Wood Brown | |
|---|---|
 A wooden tree stump | |
| Color coordinates | |
| Hex triplet | #C19A6B |
| sRGBB (r,g,b) | (193, 154, 107) |
| HSV (h,s,v) | (33°, 45%, 76%) |
| CIELChuv (L,C,h) | (66, 47, 52°) |
| Source | Ridgway[33] |
| ISCC–NBS descriptor | Light yellowish brown |
| B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) | |
Wood brown is a color that resembleswood. At a hue of 33, it is classified as an orange-brown.
The first recorded use ofwood brown as a color name inEnglish was inRobert Ridgway's 1886 bookNomenclature of Colors for Naturalists, Compendium of Useful Knowledge for Ornithologists.[34] Ridgway further refined the details of its color coordinates in his 1912 publicationColor Standards and Color Nomenclature.[35]
Thenormalized color coordinates for wood brown are identical tofallow,camel anddesert, which were first recorded as color names in English in 1000,[36] 1916,[37] and 1920,[38] respectively.
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